Blood Test

Which of the formed elements arise from myeloid stem cells?

B cells, natural killer cells, platelets, ALL OF THE ABOVE

Which of the following statements about blood is true?

Blood is slightly more viscous than water.

Anemia

Blood that lacks red blood cells and hemoglobin.

Structure of hemoglobin protein

Contains four proteins; each of which is bound to one molecule of the iron-containing pigment heme.

Which of the following statements about erythropoietin is true?

It is a hemopoietic growth factor that prompts lymphoid stem cells to leave the bone marrow.

Which of the following statements about albumin is true?

It is the most abundant plasma protein.

Formed Elements

Red Blood Cell (erythrocyte), White Blood Cell (leukocyte), Platelets (Thrombocytes)

Components of Blood

Red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, and platelets.

Structure and Characteristics of RBC

They are biconcave discs with a shallow center. Shape optimizes the ratio of surface area to volume, facilitating gas exchange.

Which of the following statements about mature, circulating erythrocytes is true?

They have no nucleus.

Which of the following describes a neutrophil?

abundant, granular, especially effective against bacteria

The process in which antibodies attach to antigens, causing the formation of masses of linked cells, is called ________.

agglutination

Hemolytic disease of the newborn is a risk during a subsequent pregnancy in which ________.

an Rh− mother is carrying a second Rh+ fetus

T and B lymphocytes ________.

are involved with specific immune function

A patient has been experiencing severe, persistent allergy symptoms that are reduced when she takes an antihistamine. Before the treatment, this patient was likely to have had increased activity of which leukocyte?

basophils

A molecule of hemoglobin ________.

consists of four globin proteins, each bound to a molecule of heme

The production of healthy erythrocytes depends upon the availability of ________.

copper, zinc, and vitamin B12

The process by which leukocytes squeeze through adjacent cells in a blood vessel wall is called ________.

emigration

Which of the following plasma proteins is not produced by the liver?

fibrinogen

Interleukins are associated primarily with which of the following?

immune responses

Hemophilia is characterized by ________.

inadequate production of clotting factors

Prothrombin is converted to thrombin during the ________.

intrinsic pathway

People with ABO blood type O ________.

lack both antigens A and B on their erythrocytes

Aging and damaged erythrocytes are removed from the circulation by ________.

macrophages

Thrombocytes are more accurately called ________.

megakaryocytes

A patient has been suffering for 2 months with a chronic, watery diarrhea. A blood test is likely to reveal ________.

polycythemia

The first step in hemostasis is ________.

vascular spasm