Bob Jones University Themes in Western Thought Test 1 (Cook)
Prime Mover
A distant, god-like motor
pantheism
God is an impersonal force in the universe
Cyclic Determinism
God makes the world then brings it back into himself, repeats
Aristotle
Who came up with the Prime Mover?
Plato
Who came up with the illustration of the cave of ignorance?
eide forms
ex. "chariness", "treeness"
Lyceum
first great library, adopted science of reasoning
a priori
innate perception
ataraxia
means "the troubled mind"
euddeimonia
means content or well-situated - that is enough for the person
Empiricism
sense perception
a posteriori
sense perception
Natural Law
some concepts are innate from birth
cosmology
study of the cosmos and origins
pyrrhonism
the key to happiness is to suspend judgement
Epistemology
the soul at birth is a blank slate
quietude
the unperturbed mind
apatheia
tranquility produced by resignation to fate.
material, efficient, formal, and final
what are Aristotle's four causes of form?
wisdom, courage, temperance, and justice
what are the Cardinal Virtues?
usefulness, pleasure of company, regard for other's goodness, desire for the other's good for his own sake
what are the four levels of friendship?
nutritive, sensitive, and rational
what are the three types of Aristotle's tripartite soul?
spirit, appetite, and governing reason
what are the tree parts of Plato's tripartite soul?
numbers
what did Pythagorus think was the One?
air
what element did Anaximenes think was the One?
fire
what element did Heraclitus think was the One?
water
what element did Thales think was the One?
earth
what element did Xenophanes think was the One?
Golden Mean
what is the principle of moderation called?
Stoicism
what philosophy rejects Plato's forms?
the problem of infinite regress
what problem arises from asking the question "where did the One substance come from?"
the problem of the one and the many
what problem did the Pre-socratics have with cosmology?
Lyceum
what school did Aristotle found?
sensitive
what type of soul is possessed by animals and humans
rational
what type of soul is possessed by humans alone?
nutritive
what type of soul is possessed by plants, animals, and humans?
moral
what type of virtue is acquired by habit?
intellectual
what type of virtue is acquired by teaching?
Plato and Aristotle
which two philosophers are associated with the Tripartite Soul?
Plato
who came up with the Divided Line?
Plato
who is associated with invisible reality?
Plato
who is associated with the Cardinal Virtues?
Plato
who is associated with the theory of forms?
Epicurus
who said that all reality is physical?
Aristotle
who said that forms lie within, not beyond nature
Epicurus
who said that sense perceptions always render true judgements?
Anaximander
who said that the One substance comes from nothing?
