Boyd (CH: 2, 4, 6, 9, 10, 18, 26)

When assessing if a procedural risk to a client is justified, the ethical principle underlying the dilemma is known as what? Informed consent Self-determination Pro-choice Nonmaleficence

Nonmaleficence

A nurse awaits the arrival of a client who is being transferred from a nursing home. The client has a history of schizophrenia and has been behaving bizarrely. The nurse begins preparing the plan of care by outlining expected outcomes. The nurse's actions are which of the following? Consistent with the nursing process, because goals should be identified before interventions Inconsistent with the nursing process, because assessment always comes first Consistent with the nursing process, because the goals generally will be applicable to all clients with schizophrenia Inconsistent with the nursing process, because the nurse should establish goals with the client

Inconsistent with the nursing process, because assessment always comes first

The psychiatric mental health nurse has taught a client with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) about the use of cue cards. This intervention will allow the client to: review the negative consequences of compulsive rituals. understand the relationship between obsessions and compulsions. counter obsessive thinking with positive messages. review his or her daily goals.

counter obsessive thinking with positive messages. *Cue cards are succinct reminders of positive messages aimed at empowering the client in his or her resistance to obsessive thinking. Cue cards do not record specific goals and do not focus on negative consequences. They do not directly address the harm of compulsions.

Which of the following rights could the psychiatric client lose when admitted to a locked, inpatient psychiatric treatment facility? -Right to safety from harm -Right to communicate with an attorney -Right to send and receive mail without censorship -Right to schedule his or her own time

-Right to schedule his or her own time

The cumulative negative effects on the body of continually having to adapt to changing environmental conditions and psychosocial challenges refers to ... Homeostasis Problem focused coping Chronic stress Allostatic load

Allostatic load

A client is being seen in the mental health clinic because of relapse. The client has been nonadherent with the medication regimen. The nurse reinforces the advantages of taking medications. The nurse is using which ethical principle? Justice Autonomy Veracity Beneficence

Beneficence *According to the principle of beneficence, the health care provider uses knowledge of science and incorporates the art of caring to develop an environment in which people achieve their maximal health care potential. According to the principle of autonomy, each person has the fundamental right of self-determination. Justice is the duty to be treated fairly. Veracity is the duty to tell the truth.

The efforts one takes to manage situations that have been appraised as being potentially harmful or stressful refers to ... Disintegrate Emotional support Cognitive approach Coping

Coping

A client's plan of care includes revoking privileges for inappropriate behavior, based on a contract between the client and the nurse who wrote the plan. Another nurse decides to ignore this because the client promises that the client will adhere to the contract in the future. The second nurse's behavior may have violated which ethical principle? Beneficence Autonomy Veracity Fidelity

Fidelity *Fidelity is the nurse's faithfulness to duties, obligations, and promises. Autonomy is the client's right to make decisions for himself or herself. Veracity is a systematic behavior of honesty and truthfulness in speech. Beneficence is the principle of doing good, not harm.

A nurse is part of an epidemiologic research team that is investigating the occurrence of new cases of anorexia nervosa within the past year. The team is most likely investigating which of the following? Rate Prevalence Point prevalence Incidence

Incidence *Incidence refers to a rate that includes only new cases that have occurred within a clearly defined time period. The most common time period evaluated is one year. Rate is a proportion of the cases in the population when compared with the total population. It is expressed as a fraction, in which the numerator is the number of cases and the denominator is the total number in the population, including the cases and noncases. Prevalence refers to the total number of people who have the disorder within a given population at a specified time, regardless of how long ago the disorder started. Point prevalence is the basic measure that refers to the proportion of individuals in the population who have the disorder at a specified point in time (t). This point can be a day on the calendar or a point defined in relation to the study assessment, such as the day of the interview.

A nurse is reading an epidemiologic research study on depression. Which of the following would the nurse need to keep in mind? -The study is designed to determine the cause of the illness. -Data from epidemiologic research are tracked but not reported. -Population rates, not raw numbers, are used to describe the measurement. -Epidemiologic research examines primarily new occurrences of the disorder.

Population rates, not raw numbers, are used to describe the measurement. *Epidemiology, the study of patterns of disease distribution and determinants of health within populations, contributes to the overall understanding of the mental health status of population groups, or aggregates, and associated factors. When expressing the number of cases of a disorder, population rates (rather than raw numbers) are used. Epidemiological studies examine associations among possible factors related to an area of investigation, but they do not determine causes of illnesses. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) tracks and reports mental health epidemiological data.

In the United States, more than 57 million people have a diagnosable mental disorder in any given year. This statistic is an example of which of the following? Prevalence Rate Incidence Point prevalence

Prevalence *Prevalence refers to the total number of people who have the disorder within a given population at a specified time, regardless of how long ago the disorder started.

All of the following are civil rights afforded to all people receiving mental health care except which of the following? Right to leave the hospital when involuntarily committed Right to have or refuse visitors Right to send and receive sealed mail Right to refuse treatment

Right to leave the hospital when involuntarily committed

A psychiatric treatment team is planning care for a client who was involuntarily admitted for treatment of depression and suicide ideation. When planning care, of what legal parameters of care must the nurse be aware? The client is considered incompetent. The client is in need of a public guardian. The client can obtain release against medical advice. The client can refuse medication.

The client can refuse medication.

A nurse is communicating with a client who is highly anxious. During the conversation, the nurse notices that the nurse's speech is matching the fast pace of the client's speech, and the nurse's heart rate is increasing. The nurse identifies this as: rapport. empathetic linkage. boundary violation. defense mechanism.

empathetic linkage.

Epidemiology addresses the distribution of mental illness and the determinants of health within a given population. Which term is defined as the rate of new cases within a defined time period? prevalence incidence rate point prevalence

incidence

Which ethical principles become an issue in mental health when a segment of a population does not have access to health care? justice veracity fidelity nonmaleficence

justice

A client diagnosed with borderline personality disorder is pitting one nurse against the other, calling one a best friend and declaring that the other is horrible. The client is using which defense mechanism? sublimation self-observation suppression splitting

splitting *Splitting is compartmentalizing opposite affect states, and failing to integrate the positive and negative qualities of the self or others into cohesive images. Sublimation is the channeling of potentially maladaptive feelings or impulses into socially acceptable behavior. Self-observation is the reflecting of feelings, thoughts, motivation, and behavior and responding to them appropriately. Suppression is intentionally avoiding thoughts about disturbing problems, wishes, feelings, or experiences.

A nurse is collaborating with a team of researchers to determine the annual incidence of schizophrenia is the community. In order to calculate the incidence, the team must know: -the prevalence of schizophrenia at the beginning of the year and the end of the year. -the length of time that each resident with schizophrenia has been living with his or her diagnosis. -the point prevalence on or near June 30. -the odds of developing schizophrenia in the year preceding the year that is being examined.

the prevalence of schizophrenia at the beginning of the year and the end of the year.