BRCC World Civ Final
Why was the city of Baghdad important in the Abbasid Empire?
It was the capital to which many intellectuals flocked.
Which of the following statements is true about Christianity in Byzantium.
Its "eastern" variant was led by a Patriarch and saw the veneration (worship) of icons.
How were minority groups treated through the crises of the 14th century?
Jews and lepers were accused of poisoning Christians, and, as a result, many were killed, beaten, or heavily fined.
What religion was practiced in the Byzantine Empire after 5th century CE?
Orthodox Christianity
Which Inca ruler most boldly expanded the empire?
Pachacuti
What is the name for the class of noble landowners who dominated Rome?
Patricians
How could Jewish and Christian minorities keep their faith under Islamic rule?
Pay a special jizya tax
What characterized the later phase of the Eastern Zhou (401-256 B.C.E.)?
Political fragmentation and frequent warfare between rival states
What was the role of the tribune?
Protect the interests of the plebeians by vetoing unwanted legislation.
What is the Islamic month for fasting?
Ramadan
Just as Rome became divided between east and west, so did Christianity. What were the two forms of Christianity that existed?
Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox
What happened after the revolt in Judea, 66-73 CE?
Roman soldiers destroyed the temple and scattered the people
Some historians suggest that Malian leader Abu Bakari sent two expeditions into the Atlantic in search of land.
True
The Emperor Nero accused the Christians of setting the fire that destroyed Rome in 64 CE.
True
The Inca believed that the children of Inti, the sun god, built their most holy places.
True
Trajan was a 2nd century emperor who was known for his caring about orphans and efforts to rebuild the empire.
True
Wang Mang was a poor ruler who alienated many merchants and landowners, and who proved in capable to dealing with floods and famines.
True
Which dynasty controlled the early Spanish Islamic state (750-1030 CE)?
Umayyads
Attacks by which people helped fragment Europe politically in the 11th century?
Vikings
What happened after the collapse of the later Han dynasty?
Wealthy regional landowners became more powerful.
Which nomadic tribe was an enemy of the Chinese dynasties?
Xiongnu
What faith had the least influence on Islam?
Hinduism
Which statement best characterizes the nature of the Mayan civilization?
A collection of competing city-states
What was the character of Arabia before 600 CE?
A diverse group of farmers, merchants and nomads
Olmec works of art that had an impact on other MesoAmeican societies included what images?
A feathered serpent and jaguar
What was Great Zimbabwe?
A major settlement on the east coast of Africa
What was Machu Picchu?
A sacred site built by Pachacuti
Who were the Benedictines?
A self-supporting monastery in 6th century Europe.
What was a "cathedral" in medieval Europe?
A throne for bishops
What were the two most important and often competing dynasties of the 7th and 8th centuries?
Abbasid and Umayyad
How did the Aztecs gain most of their wealth?
Agriculture and conquest
Islamic scholars translated works of astronomy and medicine from what ancient culture?
Ancient Greece
Chinese inventions during the Han dynasty include all of the following, EXCEPT which?
Archway
What did Emperor Qin do to protect himself in the afterlife?
Built the 8000 soldier terracotta army.
How do scholars believe that human beings first came to populate the Americas?
By crossing a land bridge from Siberia to Alaska.
The Punic Wars were fought between Rome and what other state?
Carthage
As Buddhism spread from India, and reached China, what changes appeared?
Chinese Buddhism was more focused on ancestor worship and more closely connected to the government.
Who were the first people to create an identifiable culture in the Americas?
Clovis
What helped bring the collapse of the Ghanaian empire?
Competition with the Muslim Almoravids to the north
Who was the first Roman emperor to accept Christianity?
Constantine
Who was the first Roman emperor to adopt Christianity?
Constantine
What was the role of women in the Renaissance?
Education will focus on domestic subjects, piano, and needlework
What people who governed Rome at the outset of its history and strongly influenced its political and cultural practices?
Etruscans
Which of the following Western African empires had NOT adopted Islam as its official religion?
Ghana
What happened after Emperor Valens appealed to the Visigoths for help in defending Rome?
He could not pay the Visigoths and they revolted.
What was significant about Caesar's decision to cross the Rubicon?
He disobeyed a long tradition and threatened civil war.
Which of the following statements is true about Malian king Mansa Musa?
He made a dramatic trip to Mecca
How did Pachacuti convince other chiefs to join his empire?
He sent lavish gifts and presents.
What was the main message of the Archangel Gabriel to Muhammad?
He should end idol worship of false gods.
Why did Paul of Tarsus play a major role in early Christianity?
He spread the message of Jesus to non-Jewish populations
What did Diocletian intend by his division of the Roman empire?
He wanted to create a peaceful administration of the empire.
How did Charlemagne cement his ascendancy over central Europe in 800?
He was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo
Why was Caesar assassinated?
He was regarded as a tyrant.
What was one of the most important areas of scholarship, as represented by Sima Qian, during the Han dynasty?
History
In general, what was Roman policy toward the Christians during the 1st and 2nd centuries?
Hostile and repressive
What three characteristics defined the Renaissance?
Humanism, Secularism, and Individualism
Which of the following represents one of Augustine's main arguments in his writings?
If Romans had been more Christian their empire might not have fallen.
What is the importance of the covenant (agreement) in Hebrew scripture?
If the Hebrews believed in God, he would protect them and give them Palestine.
Which of the following statements best reflects how the Ghanaian empire achieved its wealth and influence?
It controlled trade of salt and gold.
Which of the following statements is true about the Koran in Islam?
It is written as a direct communication between Allah and the people
What/ who was Cahokia?
It was a large city in north Americas.
Which Byzantine emperor re-wrote the law code and defended his rule against the NIKA riots?
Justinian
What is the name for the ancient shrine in Mecca, now a mosque?
Kaaba
How did the Franks become the greatest Christian power in the West?
King Clovis adopted Christianity and baptized his soldiers
What is the name of the holy book in Islam?
Koran
How did Tiberius and Gaius Gracchi seek to solve the problems facing the Roman republic?
Land reform
What were latifundia?
Large plantations worked by slaves.
Who was Octavian's main rival for power?
Marc Anthony
During the time of Muhammad, what was the hegira?
Muhammad's flight from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE
Which Renaissance author wrote about the world of politics?
Nicolo Machiavelli
Which of the following is in correct chronological order for the civilizations in the Americas?
Olmec, Mayan, Aztec
Who were the most influential people in the formation of early MesoAmerican culture?
Olmecs
What was the name for the ruler of the Inca?
Sapa Inca
Which of the following statements is true about the impact of the plague?
Secular rulers were able to take greater control
How did Theodora influence the governing of Byzantium?
She supported reforms that protected women and brought new hospitals that contributed to their health and welfare
As a result of its long involvement in the Punic war, what did Rome experience?
Social and political unrest, uncertainty for returning soldiers.
Which statement best reflects society's response to the plague?
Some flagellents whipped themselves in punishment while others adopted free living and careless behaviors.
What are the two main sects in Islam, represented by the followers of Abu Bakr and the followers of Ali?
Sunni and Shia
What was the capital of the Aztec empire?
Tenochitlan
What is the key argument Charles Mann makes in his book, 1491?
The Americas should be viewed as a populated and thriving metropolis before the Europeans arrived.
What was Volador?
The Aztec flying-bird competition
What was the Church's attitude toward the Renaissance?
The Church supported the Renaissance and became a "patron" of the arts.
Where is the Mayan homeland?
The Yucatan rain forest
What was the Hagia Sophia?
The church Justinian built for Theodora
Which of the following contributed to the fragmentation of the Islamic world after 800 CE?
The enormous size and diversity of its regions
Who was Odoacer?
The first foreigner to rule Rome.
Pico della Mirandola was a "humanist" author during the Renaissance. What would he tend to emphasize?
The glory of "mankind" and its achievements
Which event would dramatically increase trade across the Sahara after the 4th century?
The introduction and use of the camel.
What was the main cause of the Hundred Years' War?
The long-standing conflict between France and England over secession and territory in France.
What is the meaning of the "Pax Romana"?
The peace that prevailed during the early Roman empire.
During his lifetime, among whom was Jesus particularly popular?
The poor
Among which groups in society was Jesus popular during his life time?
The poor and women
In general, which of the following statements best characterizes Muslim knowledge and scholarship?
They preserved and expanded Greek and Roman philosophy and science.
Which of the following was a great expression of Greek architecture?
The size of the structure and use of concrete.
Where was the Inca empire located?
The west coast of south America, along the stretch of Andes mountains
Why did the Qin dynasty collapse?
Their harsh rule alienated most people.
How would the Confucian idea of the "mandate from heaven" explain the typical decline of dynasties such as the Qin and Han?
Their leaders became morally corrupt and alienated from the people
What was the role of the clergy during the plague?
They cared for the sick and buried the dead
How were the first emperors of the Han dynasty different from the Qin?
They enjoyed more popular support, eased harsh laws, and reduced taxes.
How were women's rights protected in the early days of Islam?
They had the right to own property.
What was the general position of the Jewish people within the Roman empire (ie. before Jesus)?
They often revolted against Roman rule.
In general, how does the Sunni branch of Islam see succession?
They view succession in broad terms to include those qualified.
Which of the following statements is true about the nature of Han cities?
They were vibrant trading and artistic centers.
How did the Han dynasty (and many subsequent dynasties) ensure their strong rule over China?
Through eunuchs, or men who had been castrated and made dependent on the court
Which of the following was a major city at the southern end of the Saharan trade?
Timbuktu
Why was the Great Wall of China built?
To keep the nomadic tribes from raiding China.
What was the main objective of St. Augustine in his writings?
To separate the fate of Christianity from the collapse of the Roman World
How did Islam spread to sub-Saharan Africa?
Trade
The Qin dynasty was reknown for which of the following characteristics?
its harsh laws
How was the Mayan calendar arranged?
lunar and solar cycles
What does the word "hadith" refer to in Islam?
sayings of Muhammad
What was the role of "griots" in west Africa?
story-tellers
In Islam, what does the term "caliph" mean?
successor of Muhammad
What was one reasons for the Aztecs' frequent wars?
to capture prisoners to use in sacrifices