BS 162 (exam 1, 2, and 3)
T2 15. Jim and Mary were studying...
.50
(quiz) Long toes are dominant over short toes and this is a sex linked characteristic. If a heterozygous female for toes is crossed with a hemizygous short toed male, what are the genotypes of the females out of the four offspring?
1 ind. with XLXl and 1 ind. wiht XlXl
(quiz) Speciation and mass extinction have occurred thruout the Earth's history. How many species of organisms have already been described and named? and how many mass extinctions have occurs according to Dr. Muzall over the past 500 million years or so?
1.5 million species, 5 mass extinctions
T1 21. Eye color is a sex linked characteristic..
1XRXR, 1XRXr, 1XRY, 1XrY
(Quiz) Sour bugs, a type of insect, occur in a variety of colors. The green color is dominant over the color blue. If a heterozygous colored green sour bug is crosses with a blue sour bug, what are the phenotypes of the four offspring?
2 green: 2 blue
(quiz) Which statement is false? 1. Dna is composed of two strands of nucleotides 2. one function of dna involves the theory of gene action 3. a nucleotide is composed of a 5-carbon sugar bonded to one nitrogenous base and one or more phosphate groups 4. Translation occurs in the nucleus and transcription occurs in the cytoplasm 5. One function of Dna is replication
4
(quiz) Birds have a ____ chambered hear and are ____ (ecto or endothermic)
4, endothermic
T1 23. In animal species Z...
48
T2 34. In a species of bird, green feathers...
84
T1 11. What are the three activities that an experiment should include according to Dr. Muzzall?
A control, repeatability, and ability to be analyzed statistically
T2 21. Which below best describes the concept of fitness
A fish develops a behavioral trait that allows it to produce more offspring than other fish in its population
T2 13. What type of fossil evidence would support evolution via punctuated equilibrium?
A long period of stability in the fossil record followed by the rapid appearance of new forms
T2 28. Which below best describes the phylogenetic species concept?
A species is the smallest monophyletic group
T2 4. A population of mtn. goats lives...
Allopatric, vicariance
Which of the phylum below has the largest # of species described, and which phylum based on early embryological development is the one most closest related to the Chordata?
Arthropoda, Echinodermata
T2 29. Which is false about polyploidy?
Autopolyploidy involves individuals of different species
T1 4. Below are 4 statements concerning the "actions" of a mutation. Using the key below, put these statements into their correct sequences after a non lethal mutation has occurred. KEY: A. phenotype has been changed B.tRNAs have been changed C. The enzyme formed has been changed D. mRNA has been changed
D,B,C,A
T1 30. Which statement is false about Charles Darwin...
Darwin and Malthus developed similar theories of natural selection (it was Wallace)
T2 23. Which is false about scientists and systematics?
Evolution is the most important piece of evidence to use in cladistics
T1 25. T/F: Transcription occurs in the nucleus...
False
T1 31. T/F: Your textbook presents...
False
T2 22. T/F: Conservation Biology addresses the problems...
False
T2 32. T/F: In lecture, Dr. Muzzall discussed the taxonomy of six groups of living vertebrates...
False
T2 39. T/F: Organisms in the Archaea are more closely related to organisms....
False
T2 41. T/F: Is the next statement on Lake Victoria, Nile perch....
False
T2 11. Which is an example of stabilizing selection?
Finches can have small, intermediate, or large beak sizes. Those with small and those with large beaks cannot crack open nuts easily, and so are more likely to starve and decrease in #.
(quiz) Which protists are used as geological markers and are used to search for petroleum?
Forams
T1 15. Which is false about the relationship between chimpanzees adn humans?
Genes in these species are expressed at the time in the same tissue
T2 20. Mary studies the beak lengths of ....
Greater than 10 centimeters and less than 10 centimeters
T2 17. The sickle cell allele of hemogoblin....
Heterozygous individuals are resistant to malaria`
T2 10. Dr. Muzzall is studying a parasite from fish...
Ichthyocotylurus erraticus (italicized)
T1 35. Which statement is false about meiosis and the...
In metaphase II, sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cells
T1 16. A homozygous brown-feathered hippogriff...
Incomplete dominence
T2 5. Which statement below is false about the discussion of the asteroid hitting Earth...
It caused the extinction of 35% of the species on Earth in a one million year period
T1 24. Interpreting an evolutionary/phylogenetic tree...
It marks the divergence of any two species or groups or lineages
T2 42. The Founder Effect represents...
It refers to a small population that branches off from a larger population and this small population is not genetically representative of the larger population
T2 19. The idea that the human pop....
Malthus
T1 33. Which statement is false about meiosis and mitosis?
Meiosis produces gametes that are diploid
T1 20. What is the best description of the link between mutations and nat. selection?
Mutations create genetic variation, which serves as the raw material upon which nat selection operates
T2 35. Which is false about the Synthetic Theory of Evolution?
Nat selection is the only activity that can cause a change in frequency of an allele in the gene pool
T1 6. A mutation occurs in the skin cell of a person's body and this cell becomes cancerous. Is this mutation likely to be passed on to any future offspring? Why or why not?
No, cuz it is a mutation in the somatic cell line
T1 2. Arrange the following - gene, chromosome, nucleotide, cell, nucleic acid - int he correct order from simplest to most complex?
Nucleotide, nucleic acid, gene, chromosome, cell
T1 26. The correct sequence of steps..
Observation, hypothesis formation, experimentation, theory
T1 38. Hemophilia, a blood disorder of humans...
One female, one male
T1 12. In some fungi, mitosis occurs w/o cytokinesis. what is the results?
One large cell with twice the dna as a parent cell
T1 8. In which situation could evolution by natural selection occur?
Over generations, a pop. of mtn. gorillas with genes for long hair survive cold and cloudy weather better than gorillas that have genes for minimal hair
(quiz) In which of the following situations would evolution by natural selection occur?
Over generations, a population of mountain gorillas with genes for long hair survive cold and cloudy whether better than gorillas that have genes for minimal body hair
T3 1. Organisms in this phylum, ____, have.. ... well developed reproductive systems...
Platyhelminthes
T2 40. In a frog species, frog calling and mating occur....
Prezygotic barrier
T2 14. Which below is not an example of a cline?
Skunks in Georgia have one stripe on its back and skunks of the same species in Ohio have three stripes of white color on its back
T1 40. A group of giant pandas...
Testosterone, Leydig cells, testes, reproductive systems, panda, panda population
(Quiz) You are conducting an experiment to test the hypothesis that an apple tree will produce larger fruit when exposed to lullabies at night. You have 10 experimental trees that are exposed to music at night. Which of the following is accurate about your control group?
The control group should not be exposed to lullabies at all
T1 27. Mary has attached ear lobes...
The dominant allele must code for free swinging ear lobes, and there is a 50% chance that their children will have attached ear lobes
T2 31. Which is true about evolutionary genetics?
The more similar in sequence the genes and genomes of two species are, the more recent their common ancestor and the closer is their relationship
T1 18. What is the difference between a phenotype and genotype?
The phenotype is the characteristic/ trait produced by that genotype and the genotype is the genetic characteristic an organism has
(quiz) Compare what happens to a spore mother cell as it gives rise to a spore with what happens to a spore as it gives rise to a gametophyte.
The spore mother cell goes thru meiosis and the spore goes thru mitosis
T2 37. Several years ago, amphibian textbooks and species...
The two toad forms often interbreed in nature, and their offspring have good survival and reproduction
T1 3. Which correctly explains the differences between a theory and a biological principle?
Theories are hypotheses that have support, while biological principles are theories that have been repeatedly verified and have wide application in biology
T1 7. Which is false about the General Theory of Evolution?
There is evidence that at least 4 species of organisms evolved in two locations on earth
Test 1: 1. Mary is conducting an experiment. She is interested in determining if female or male fruit are better at identifying colors. Before she conducts the experiment, she develops hypotheses about what she believes will happen. which statement below is likely her null hypothesis?
There is no relationship between fruit fly sex and the ability to identify colors
T1 36. In Phoenixes, a type of bird, red...
Three red feather long beak, one red feather short beak, three yellow feather long beak, one yellow feather short beak
T1 14. T/F: In the genomic imprinting..
True
T1 39. T/F: Macroevolution refers to the evolutionary changes...
True
T1 41. T/F: A mode of uniparental (one parent) inheritance...
True
T1 32. Which of the genetic crosses below represent a test cross?
Tt x tt
T1 13. Ubiquitin is a small protein...
Yeasts, round worms, and humans all share a common ancestor.
T2 30.You are conducting a multi-generational study...
Yes, cuz the allele frequencies did not change between the first and last generation
T2 27. Species of poison arrow frogs have bright coloration...
aposematism, Mullerian mimicry
T2 7. Character displacement _____
arises thru competition and nat selection, favoring divergence in resource use
T2 36. Mary and Jim were studying the number of toes on the front feet....
balanced polymorphism
T1 28. Chiasmata form _____
between non sister chromatids of pairs of homologous chromosomes
T3 2. Kelp, which sometimes form large underwater forests....
brown algae
T2 9. A long beaked humming bird....
coevolution
T2 12. There is a certain species of arboreal...
convergent evolution
(quiz) The leopard frogs of the U.S. are a group of similar but separate species. Those specific factors that help maintain these species as separate species are ______.
different mating calls and hybrid breakdown
T2 26. Jim and Mary were studying the body lengths of a salamander species....
directional selection
T2 24. Polar bears evolving....
divergent evolution
T2 16. The Principle of Gradualism indicates....
earth's surface is gradually changed by local forces; Hutton
T2 6. Limpets (a type of mullusk)...
environmentally induced variation
T1 37. Evidence supporting the General Theory...
from analogous structures
T2 38. In the "Extinction Vortex of a Small Pop.....
genetic drift and interbreeding
T1 9. Dna rep. occurs in _____, while crossing over of chromosomes may occur in ______
interphase, Prophase 1
T2 2. The brightly colored plumage (red feathers) of male...
intersexual selection
T1 34. A centromere ___
is a region where sister chromotids are attached prior to their separation during mitosis
T2 1. A change in toe # in the evolution of horses was advantageous cuz ____
it gave them improved speed to escape predators
T2 3. The irreducible complexity argument..
natural selection cannot operate on a complex system
T2 18. You monitor a pop. of red and white....
no gene flow or nat selection has occured
T1 10. In a species of insect, big eye is dom over little eye, and large wing is dom over little wing. These two pairs of genes are linked. If a heterozygous ind for both characteristics is crossed with a homozygous dom ind for both characteristics, how many of their offspring out of 4 will have little eye and little wing?
none
T1 5. In elephants, long tusk (T) is dom. over short tusk (t). A homozygous dominant ind. mates with a homozygous short tusk ind. and this mating produces 4 F1 offspring. If two F1s are crossed, how many F2 offspring out of the 4 will have short tusks?
one
T1 19. In the same human, the Marfan..,
pleiotropy
T2 33. In an area of the Amazon Rain Forest, scientists ....
population bottleneck
T2 8. The four major postulates or tenant...
populations over time go extinct or diverge into new species
(quiz) two groups of soapberry bugs (types of insect) feed and mate on different sized fruit (small and large) in the same trees in the same geographical area, and thus have different beak lengths. Thru several generations, these two group evolved into two separate species. this is an example of _______.
sympatric speciation
T1 22. phenotypes, like height in humans, which show ...
the action of multiple genes on a single phenotype
T3 4. Mitosis in multicellular fungi differs ....
the nuclear envelope does not break down
T3 3. Which is false about the generalized multicellular plant life cycle?
the spores are diploid
T1 42. The process of inductive reasoning involves _____
the use of specific observations to develop general principles
T1 29. The occurrence of vestigial structures...
these organisms have the genes that produce these structures
T2 25. T/F: The endosymbiotic Theory provides...
true
T1 17. Which is true about the General Theory of Inheritance?
two pairs of genes assort independently from one another when they are not linked
