BSC 1005 Ch. 13

21. Which worm lacks a digestive system? A) earthworm B) leech *C) tapeworm D) roundworm E) tube worm

*C) tapeworm

50. Which list shows the correct complete classification of modern humans, from phylum to species? A) Chordata; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Primates; Hominidae; Homo; Homo sapiens B) Vertebrata; Chordata; Mammalia; Carnivora; Hominidae; Homo; Homo sapiens C) Vertebrata; Chordata; Carnivora; Primates; Sapienidae; Homo; Homo sapiens D) Chordata; Mammalia; Eutheria; Carnivora; Sapienidae; Homo; Homo sapiens E) Chordata; Vertebrata; Marsupialia; Hominidae; Homo; Homo sapiens

A) Chordata; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Primates; Hominidae; Homo; Homo sapiens

55. The other species of humans that were alive contemporaneously with Homo sapiens were: A) Homo neanderthalensis, Homo floresiensis, and Homo erectus. B) Homo neanderthalensis and Homo floresiensis. C) Australopithecus afarensis, Homo neanderthalensis, Homo floresiensis, and Homo erectus. D) Australopithecus afarensis and Homo neanderthalensis. E) Australopithecus afarensis and Homo erectus.

A) Homo neanderthalensis, Homo floresiensis, and Homo erectus..

11. Which animal phylum lacks true tissues? A) Porifera (sponges) B) Cnidaria (jellies, corals, and their relatives) C) Annelida (segmented worms) D) Nematoda (roundworms) E) Platyhelminthes (flatworms

A) Porifera (sponges)

4. An animal with an anterior brain that surrounds the entrance to the digestive tract is: A) a protostome. B) a deuterostome. C) diploblastic. D) a sponge. E) a ctenophore

A) a protostome.

38. Which of these is not a member of the group of vertebrates that produce amniotic eggs? A) amphibians B) birds C) whales D) monotremes E) marsupials

A) amphibians

28. Which group is made up solely of carnivores? A) arachnids B) wasps C) vertebrates D) mammals E) flatworms

A) arachnids

27. Which is the only animal phylum to have over 1 million described species? A) arthropods B) mollusks C) flatworms D) chordates E) nematodes

A) arthropods

36. Echinoderm larvae are ________, whereas echinoderm adults are ________. A) bilaterally symmetrical; radially symmetrical B) radially symmetrical; asymmetrical C) aquatic; terrestrial D) gastropods; bivalves E) segmented; unsegmented

A) bilaterally symmetrical; radially symmetrical

52. Three major differences between humans and chimpanzees are that humans are bipedal, have a larger brain, and have a larger body. Which of these characteristics evolved first? A) bipedality B) larger brain C) larger body D) bipedality and larger brain together E) larger brain, bipedality, and larger body at the same time

A) bipedality

44. Both birds and mammals have four-chambered hearts. But birds are more closely related to crocodiles, which have three-chambered hearts, than they are to mammals. The correct interpretation of these observations is that: A) birds and mammals evolved four-chambered hearts independently. B) having a four-chambered heart would be detrimental to crocodiles. C) crocodiles evolved from a group that originally had four-chambered hearts. D) the trend in heart evolution is from four-chambered to three-chambered. E) the number of heart chambers that an organism possesses can never be an indication of evolutionary relationships.

A) birds and mammals evolved four-chambered hearts independently.

46. Birds are most closely related to: A) crocodiles. B) mammals. C) lizards. D) snakes. E) insects

A) crocodiles

18. Animals such as jellyfish and cnidarians acquire nutrients and oxygen by: A) direct diffusion. B) breathing. C) capturing them with sticky hemolymph. D) using a trachea system. E) pumping them inside

A) direct diffusion.

31. Which type of skeleton contains the carbohydrate called chitin? A) exoskeleton of insects, crabs, and lobsters B) hydrostatic skeleton of earthworms C) fluid skeleton of jellyfish D) endoskeleton of lizards E) appendicular skeleton of humans

A) exoskeleton of insects, crabs, and lobsters

19. The phylum Platyhelminthes are more commonly known as: A) flatworms. B) ribbon worms. C) earthworms. D) mollusks. E) snakes

A) flatworms.

5. Most species of animals are: A) invertebrates. B) carnivores. C) radially symmetrical. D) autotrophs. E) vertebrates.

A) invertebrates

49. Which series of events correctly describes the evolutionary history of the vertebrates, from earliest to latest in time? A) jaws, lungs, four limbs, and hair B) lungs, jaws, four limbs, and hair C) four limbs, lungs, jaws, and hair D) two limbs, lungs, jaws, and hair E) four limbs, hair, lungs, and jaws

A) jaws, lungs, four limbs, and hair

29. All of these are arachnids except: A) lobsters. B) spiders. C) scorpions. D) mites. E) ticks

A) lobsters.

39. Which features do humans share with tunicates? A) notochord; dorsal hollow nerve cord; pharyngeal slits in the embryonic stage; a post-anal tail in the embryonic stage B) notochord; vertebrae; lungs; amniotic egg C) notochord; dorsal hollow nerve cord; pharyngeal slits in the embryonic stage; jaws D) vertebrae; lungs; amniotic egg; four-chambered heart E) vertebrae; bony skeleton; lungs; a post-anal tail in the embryonic stage

A) notochord; dorsal hollow nerve cord; pharyngeal slits in the embryonic stage;

16. In the cnidarians, the two body types are the sessile _____________ and the free-living _______________. A) polyp; medusa B) medusa; polyp C) anemone; coral D) coral; anemone E) zooxanthellae; coral

A) polyp; medusa

42. Rainbow trout are: A) ray-finned fishes. B) lobe-finned fishes. C) cartilaginous fishes. D) bottom feeders. E) lungfishes.

A) ray-finned fishes.

14. Which of these is not a cnidarian? A) sea cucumber B) coral C) sea anemones D) man-o'-war E) jellyfish

A) sea cucumber

10. Collar cells are found in: A) sponges. B) clams. C) shrimp. D) flatworms. E) segmented worms

A) sponges

3. The undersides of the arms of a sea star are carpeted with ___________________ that extend and contract in waves, grasping and releasing the substrate as the animal glides along. A) tube feet B) radula C) cnidocysts D) belly feet E) cilia

A) tube feet

57. Homo neanderthalensis were about the same height as Homo sapiens, but they: A) were more robust and muscular. B) were slighter and weaker. C) had skeletal features that were more adapted to life in trees. D) had much smaller heads, even though they were equal in intelligence. E) walked on all-fours instead of upright, on two legs.

A) were more robust and muscular

20. The human disease elephantiasis is caused by worms from which phylum? A)Nematoda B) Platyhelminthes C) Annelida D) Cnidaria E) Arthropoda

A)Nematoda

9. Which statement about animal nervous systems is true? A) All taxonomic groups of animals have nervous systems, except annelids. B) All taxonomic groups of animals have nervous systems, except sponges. C) All taxonomic groups of animals have nervous systems, except jellyfish. D) All taxonomic groups of animals have nervous systems, except sponges and jellyfish. E) All taxonomic groups of animals have nervous systems.

B) All taxonomic groups of animals have nervous systems, except sponges.

37. Which statement is true about starfish, sand dollars, and sea urchins? A) They are sessile. B) They are radially symmetrical. C) They have outer skeletons or shells made of chitin. D) They belong to the arachnids. E) They all have a distinct head, thorax, and abdomen.

B) They are radially symmetrical.

26. All arthropods have: A) six legs and three body segments. B) a chitinous exoskeleton and jointed appendages. C) antennae and compound eyes. D) stinging mouthparts. E) a mantle and a radula

B) a chitinous exoskeleton and jointed appendages

33. Which order of insects has the highest species diversity—more than that of any other order in animals? A) flies and mosquitoes B) beetles C) bees D) butterflies E) aphids

B) beetles

45. Birds are ___________________, whereas turtles are _________________. A) ectotherms; endotherms B) endotherms; ectotherms C) vertebrates; invertebrates D) organisms of flight; no longer organisms of flight E) reptiles; amphibians

B) endotherms; ectotherms

41. Which animal is not a chordate? A) fish B) grasshopper C) frog D) lancelet E) lizard

B) grasshopper

53. When thinking about the evolutionary history of humans, which feature is most related to the success of H. sapiens? A) decrease in caloric intake resulting in a lower body weight B) increase in brain size C) development of game-playing strategies D) increased use of teeth as tools E) longer arm lengt

B) increase in brain size

8. Sponges are sessile, which means they: A) are parasitic and depend on their host for a constant supply of nutrients. B) live attached to a solid structure and do not move around. C) reproduce asexually. D) have exoskeletons that they must shed as they grow larger. E) live within shells that they find on the ocean floor.

B) live attached to a solid structure and do not move around.

7. What distinguishes a protostome from a deuterostome? A) the molting pattern B) sequence or order of gut development C) the way the skeleton grows D) whether the body can be divided into two or more symmetrical units E) whether an animal has tissues or not

B) sequence or order of gut development

12. Which group feeds primarily on material filtered from the water? A) cephalopods B) sponges C) annelids D) gastropods E) nematodes

B) sponges

13. The tissues of most shallow-water corals harbor photosynthetic algae called: A) cyanobacteria. B) zooxanthellae. C) medusae. D) cnidocytes. E) nematocysts.

B) zooxanthellae.

1. Which statement about all animals is true? A) All animals are able to conduct photosynthesis. B) All animals eat other animals. C) All animals are multicellular. D) All animals are prokaryotes. E) All animals reproduce sexually.

C) All animals are multicellular.

17. Which group has members that exhibit radial symmetry? A) Porifera B) Arthropoda C) Cnidaria D) Nematoda E) Platyhelminthes

C) Cnidaria

34. What is the major developmental characteristic that shows the close relationship between echinoderms and chordates? A) In both groups, all individuals have notochords during the larval stage. B) In both groups, the gut develops from front to back. C) In both groups, the gut develops from back to front. D) In both groups, development occurs by continually adding skeletal elements. E) Both groups are asymmetrical in all life stages.

C) In both groups, the gut develops from back to front.

48. Based on what you know about mammals, which statement best describes what happened in areas where marsupial and placental mammals came into contact? A) They learned to co-exist. B) All marsupial animals went extinct. C) Most marsupial animals went extinct. D) Most placental animals went extinct. E) The two groups mixed with minimal competition due to their niche differences.

C) Most marsupial animals went extinct.

51. Humans are not a part of which taxonomic group? A) apes B) primates C) Old World monkeys D) placental mammals E) animals

C) Old World monkeys

25. You are eating in a French restaurant, and you read that snails are on the menu. Being a knowledgeable biologist, you inform the other members at the table that this restaurant is serving: A) cephalopods. B) bivalves. C) gastropods. D) nautiluses. E) annelids.

C) gastropods

6. The vast majority of invertebrates are: A) carnivores. B) terrestrial. C) protostomes. D) parasitic. E) asexually reproductive

C) protostomes.

24. Which organism is not a bivalve? A) clam B) oyster C) scallop D) mussel E) barnacle

C) scallop

2. Which statement about all animals is false? A) All animals are descended from a common ancestor. B) All animals eat other organisms. C) All animals are eukaryotes. D) All animals have a dorsal nerve cord. E) All animals reproduce sexually.

D) All animals have a dorsal nerve cord.

56. The species of human that averaged only 3 feet tall was: A) Homo sapiens. B) Homo erectus. C) Homo habilis. D) Homo floresiensis. E) Homo neanderthalensis

D) Homo floresiensis.

54. Which anatomical characteristic of humans can be traced back to our arboreal origins? A) increased body weight B) omnivorous diet C) viviparity D) ability to grasp objects with fingers and toes E) hair that insulates the body

D) ability to grasp objects with fingers and toes

15. Although coral polyps can catch prey using their cnidocysts, they obtain most of their nutrition from _____________, called zooxanthellae, which live symbiotically with the polyps. A) lichens B) fungi C) medusae D) algae E) sponges

D) algae

22. Segmented worms (annelids), roundworms (nematodes), and flatworms (platyhelminthes): A) are a monophyletic group. B) are all asexual. C) are all internal parasites. D) are all bilaterally symmetrical. E) are all chordates

D) are all bilaterally symmetrical.

43. Reptiles show numerous adaptations for a completely terrestrial life cycle. One adaptation that first occurred in the reptiles includes: A) lungs. B) the ability to "breathe" through their skin. C) tetraploidy. D) the amniotic egg. E) teeth.

D) the amniotic egg.

32. All of these are insects except: A) flies. B) lice. C) fleas. D) ticks. E) bugs

D) ticks.

35. Which of these is not an echinoderm? A) sea stars B) sea urchins C) sand dollars D) sea cucumbers E) barnacles

E) barnacles

47. A feature that only mammals have is: A) predatory behavior. B) internal skeleton. C) bilateral symmetry. D) a skeleton of calcium carbonate. E) hair

E) hair.

23. Which term can be associated with gastropods? A) collar cells B) compound eyes C) complete stomach D) notochord E) radula

E) radula

30. The arthropoda class Crustacea includes all of the following kinds of animals except: A) lobsters. B) crabs. C) shrimp. D) crayfish. E) snails.

E) snails.

40. Chordate animals get their name from which prominent characteristic? A) the rope-like extension of their tails beyond the anus B) the dorsal hollow nerve cord C) the elongated pharyngeal slits, which appear as piano keys D) the bony skeleton supporting the spine E) the presence of a rod of support tissue

E) the presence of a rod of support tissue