Bus. 100 Final

________ utility is usually provided by producers rather than marketers.

form

The purpose of ________ is to increase an employee's ability to perform productively.

job enrichment

A management training program that gives managers assignments in a variety of departments in order to expose them to different functions within the organization is called

job rotation

With the __________ inventory control system, producers hold only the amount of materials and parts that they need for a short period of time - sometimes just a few hours.

just-in-time (JIT)

Successful marketing researchers

listen to customers and other stakeholders

________ involves planning, implementing, and controlling the physical flow of materials, final goods, and related information from points of origin to points of consumption to meet customer requirements at a profit.

logistics

A big advantage of computer-integrated manufacturing software is that it

makes it possible to custom-design products to meet the needs of small markets while cutting the time needed to program machines

The use of ___________ has increased productivity along the assembly line and within service-based businesses while simultaneously causing a reduction in jobs for people.

robots

Product screening is designed to

reduce the number of new-product ideas being worked on at any one time.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs:

(top to bottom) self-actualization, esteem, love/belonging, safety, physiological

As a graphic artist, Randy has just finished a new calendar. The calendar cost him $1.00 for the glossy paper, $3.00 for the six color production, and $.50 for the plastic wire that holds it together at the top. The labor in developing the design was 4 hours of work at $50/hour, and labor is being added to the rest of the fixed costs of $500.00. At a price of $15.00 per calendar, how many calendars will Nate need to produce and sell tin order to break even, but not make a profit?

67 calendars

Which of the following statements describes past processes that existed in manufacturing that negatively affected a firm's competitive advantage?

Companies tended to produce a large quantity of the same product at a very low cost

CAD is an acronym for:

Computer Aided Design

CAM is an acronym for:

Computer Aided Manufacturing

The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied is known as the:

Hawthorne effect.

Cesar claims he found a definite way to save money, "Buy direct from the manufacturer. Any time intermediaries get involved, you'll pay a higher price. After all, every intermediary in the marketing process must charge enough to earn a profit." What do you make of Cesar's claim?

It is not valid in many cases. Intermediaries add costs to products, but they also create value by performing marketing functions efficiently. In many cases the value they create more than offsets the costs they add.

A big advantage of computer-integrated manufacturing software is that it :

Makes it possible to custom-design products to meet the needs of small markets while cutting the time needed to program machines

Which of the following would be most helpful to a production manager who wanted to determine the minimum time required to complete a proposed project?

PERT (program evaluation and review technique)

Management by objectives was developed by:

Peter Drucker

A firm's marketing mix consists of 4 major components, which are generally referred to as the four

Ps

A firm that uses ______________ segmentation divides a market into groups based on values, attitudes, or interests.

Psychographic

At Ragtime Resale Shop, manager Lucinda doesn't waste any time thinking about whether the employees on her shift get breaks at reasonable times. In fact, she claims she is hard pressed to determine which one has "worked hard enough" to even deserve a break. Earlier today, Lucinda remarked, "I've never met anyone who likes this job! They're only biding their time and here for the money." Lucinda's managerial style would be classified as

Theory X

In analyzing the differences among Theories X, Y, and Z managers, it is appropriate to assess that

Theory Z managers believe that getting employees more involved in work-related decisions will generally increase productivity.

Abraham Maslow thought that once needs at one level of his hierarchy were met:

another, higher-order need would emerge to motivate that person

Fashion experts readily understand the power of ________. Shortly after Kate Middleton married Prince William, throngs of soon-to-be-brides scrambled to find copies of her bridal gown, and also that of her sister Pippa's bridesmaid gown.

brand association

While Maslow's research categorized a person's needs in terms of higher-order and lower-order needs, Herzberg's research recognized that

certain work-related factors satisfied higher-order needs, while other work-related factors satisfied lower-order needs.

Women often have more trouble finding mentors than men because

clubs and organizations where most mentoring takes place either exclude women or make it difficult for them to join

______________ means acting as a resource to a subordinate by teaching, guiding, and making recommendations, without actively doing any of the subordinate's work.

coaching

Which of the following describes a process in which marketers present an accurate description of a new product to potential customers and ask if they find the idea appealing?

concept testing

In just a few short weeks, Jon would arrive back in the states after a semester abroad. He was already in a temp agency's database from the previous summer, when he spent 8 weeks working for an accounting firm. Jon will again try to hire on as a ________ during the summer months. The company that hired him last summer typically hires several college students each year, mainly because they have good computer skills, and the company does not need to offer college students benefits.

contingent worker

Which of the following are products consumers buy after comparing quality, price, and style from a variety of sellers?

convenience goods

The Six Sigma approach to quality control:

detects potential problems early to prevent their occurrence.

________ is the process of identifying factors that can affect marketing success.

environmental scanning

Margot finally finished her Ph.D. program. Although she has a great and secure teaching job at an urban college, she does not hold a faculty position at a prestigious university. It is obvious to her colleagues that Margot is unsatisfied with her position at work. She constantly gives coworkers subtle reminders of her superior academic credentials and only participates in work activities where she will assume a leadership role. Looking at Margot's situation using Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs are unmet?

esteem

A(n) ________ distribution strategy uses only one retail outlet in a given geographic area.

exclusive

According to expectancy theory, the amount of effort employees exert on a specific task depends on their:

expectations of the outcome.

___________ is the process of selecting a geographic location for a company's operations.

facility location

To make their famous Daddy's Deluxe Italian Sandwiches, Santino's Sandwich Emporium finely slices prime meats, stacks them on Italian bread, adds special seasonings, cheeses, and veggies. The value added by Santino's when it combines these ingredients to make a sandwich is known as:

form utility

_____________ is based on the notion that setting ambitious but attainable goals will improve motivation and performance if the goals are accepted, accompanied by feedback, and facilitated by organizational conditions.

goal-setting theory

Which of the following statements about the impact of CAD/CAM on manufacturing is most accurate? CAD/CAM:

has made it possible to produce custom designed products with little increase in cost

According to Herzberg, a sense of achievement, earned recognition, and interest in the work itself were all

important motivators.

Products that are used in the production of other goods and services are called ________ goods.

industrial

Producers of snack foods (such as candy bars or potato chips) are most likely to use a(n) ________ distribution strategy for their products.

intensive

______________ means tailoring products to meet the needs of a large number of individual customers.

mass customization

The operations planning practice of using sales forecasts created by a computer to accurately predict the amount and timing of materials needed to complete products and projects is

materials requirement planning

The operations planning practice of using sales forecasts created by a computer to accurately predict the amount and timing of materials needed to complete products and projects is:

materials requirement planning

________ is the process of establishing and maintaining contacts with key managers in one's own organization and in other organizations, and using those contacts to establish strong relationships that serve as informal development systems.

networking

At Safety First Seat Belts, new workers are immediately assigned to jobs. They learn by doing the actual work and by watching longer-term employees. This company uses a policy of

on-the-job training

The main objective of lean manufacturing is to:

produce goods using less of all types of resources

The purpose of ________ is to create real or perceived product differences.

product differentiation

The Coca-Cola Company produces Diet Coke, Diet Coke with Splenda, and Coke Zero along with a number of other flavors. These products are part of Coca-Cola's

product line

A leading cause of new-product failure is

product promises that are not delivered.

The ________ is an evaluation of the performance level of employees against established standards to make decisions about promotions, compensation, additional training, or firing.

professional appraisal

A firm that uses ________ segmentation divides a market into groups based on values, attitudes, or interests.

psychographic

The primary purpose of a push strategy is to:

push products on consumers and convince them that they need the products.

Exploring ________ data first helps marketers minimize marketing research costs.

secondary

employment testing

should be directly related to the job.

_____________ examines statistical samples of product components at each stage of the production process and plots the results on a graph in order to spot and correct any variances from desired quality levels.

statistical process control (SPC)

________ manages the movement of raw materials, parts, work in progress, finished goods, and related information throughout the supply chain, as well as managing the return of goods when necessary and the recycling of goods when appropriate.

supply chain management

________ is the sale of goods and services by telephone.

telemarketing

Which of the following descriptions more appropriately reflects the way that Gen Xers prefer to communicate at work?

through e-mail

Spokes sells high-quality bicycles and accessories. The store is known for a pleasant environment, friendly salespeople, and an excellent service department. All of these elements are part of the ________ offered by Spokes.

total product offer

________ is the value or want-satisfying ability that is added to products by organizations that make the product more useful or accessible to consumers.

utility

Herzberg's research found that safe working conditions and good pay:

were very important motivators for professional employees and managers but were poor motivators for unskilled employees.