BUS 340 - Computer Hardware
A high-speed storage area usually located directly on the CPU is called
cache
Resolution refers to the _____ and clarity of an image.
sharpness
Put the steps of the information processing cycle in the correct order, with the first step at the top.
1. Input 2. Process 3. Output 4.Store
Sometimes called a convertible laptop, a type of laptop that has a removable, or concealed keyboard as well as a touchscreen so that it can be used as a tablet is called a(n) ___
2-in-1
There are many protocols that are used to help streamline the communication of all digital devices. For example, Wi-Fi uses the _____ protocol. This protocol ensures that devices enabled with Wi-Fi can connect to any Wi-Fi network.
802.11
Which two of the following would be used to store a single bit of data?
A transistor A hole in a punchcard
Which two of the following items are commonly included when you purchase a Windows PC laptop computer with a solid-state hard drive?
A universal serial bus (USB) port An operating system
The loading of an operating system into the main memory of a device is called the ____ process.
BOOT
The three factors that impact a processor's speed are clock speed, word size, and ___ .
BUS WIDTH
Because its radio waves can pass through walls or desktops, ___-capable devices have become very popular. Multiple choice question. Bluetooth
Bluetooth
Another name for a computer's processor is the:
CPU (central processing unit)
Which two of the following statements are true about the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) encoding standard?
Can represent a total of 256 characters Capable of representing 26 uppercase and lowercase letters used in the English language, numbers, and many different symbols.
Click 3 characteristics of desktop computers.
Desktops allow for relatively easy upgrade and expansion. Desktops use a full OS. Desktops are often used in offices since they do not need to be mobile.
Select two characteristics of a solid-state drive (SSD).
Extremely fast No moving parts
Match the correct process of the machine cycle to the appropriate definition.
Fetch- An instruction is obtained from memory Decode- The instructions are converted into something the computer can understand Execute- The processor completes the instruction Store- The results are placed in memory before the next instruction is executed
Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?
Full operating system Mobile Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad
Which two of the following are used for measuring typical hard drive capacities for personal computers?
Gigabytes Terabytes
The port/connector combination that is used for nearly all high-definition television or computer monitor connections for video and audio is ___.
HDMI
___ is the standard for video and audio input into televisions today.
HDMI
The largest chip designing and manufacturing company in the world is
Intel
Match the processor manufacturer to the correct statement.
Intel- Founded in 1968, this is the world's largest designer of computer chips. Its i5, i7, and i9 chips dominate the personal computer market. AMD- Founded in 1969, this company's technology is featured inside most gaming consoles including the PS5. Nvidia- Founded in 1993, produces popular mobile device processors.
Select 3 characteristics of a tablet computer.
Is highly mobile Usually has a mobile operating system Has as a touchscreen
The small amount of memory, located within the CPU itself, is referred to as ___ cache.
L1
The interface and connectivity of digital musical devices to computers is accomplished by using _____.
MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface)
____ more powerful than servers. Used by organizations to process large amounts of data. Cost between $100,000- 1 million
Mainframe
Match the cache.
Memory located directly on the processor itself L1 cache Memory located next to the processor L3 cache Memory used to increase a hard drive's efficiency Disk cache
Which three of the following are external storage devices?
Optical (DVD) drive Universal serial bus (USB) drive External hard drive
The person in the image is installing ____ into a computer.
RAM
The instructions needed to boot-up a computer, such as the basic input/output system (BIOS), are typically stored in _____.
ROM
____ is actually storage since it retains data and information when the power has been turned off.
ROM (read only memory)
Match the following characteristics of a tablet computer.
Tablet computer- Tablet computers are highly portable Smaller OS (usually) Touchscreen is primary input Not a feature of a tablet computer matches- Most allow you to upgrade RAM Include a terabyte (TB) or more of storage.
Which two of the following statements are correct regarding the CPU?
The CPU is located on the motherboard of the computer. The CPU is integrated into a chip called a microprocessor.
This type of connector is the most common for connecting peripherals (printers, monitors, storage devices, etc.) to a computer.
USB
File Server
Used for data storage.
Web Server
Used to control access to resources on the Web.
Network Server
Used to control access to resources such as printers and applications on a network.
This close-up of the side of a laptop computer. To the left of the HDMI port is a(n)___ .
VGA port
The standard for wireless Ethernet networks is known as _____.
Wi-Fi
Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers
all-in-one
Smartphones owe much of their popularity and computing flexibility to ___ .
applictions
A short-range wireless transmission protocol is known as _____.
bluetooth
Mainframe
More powerful than a server, less powerful than a supercomputer. Not designed to calculate huge formulas, but able to manage thousands of transactions simultaneously. Often operated by businesses such as large banks or credit card companies.
Supercomputer
Most powerful type of computer. Many of these are owned by research universities and government agencies such as the NSA. NASA uses them to determine gravitational fluctuations that might indicate additional planets in the solar system
Which two of the following responses best define the term "resolution" in output devices?
Quality of the image Number of pixels in a display
A hole in a punchcard, a transistor on a circuit board, or the reflective element on a digital versatile disc (DVD) each represents the smallest unit of data storage called a ___.
bit
Data flows between different parts of the computer via _____ .
buses
Eight bits are considered to make one ____ of information. In American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), it is the data required to store one character, such as a letter or a number.
byte
In American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), eight bits = one ___.
byte
IrDA stands for the ___ Data Association which establishes the protocols for infrared communication transfer.
infrared
T.V. remotes use ___ signals.
infrared
A mobile hinged computer with an integrated keyboard that uses a full operating system is called a notebook or a ____ computer.
laptop
The port found on most iPhones (prior to the iPhone 15) is referred to as a __ port.
lightning
Fetch, decode, execute, and store are steps of the _____ cycle.
machine
A desktop computer will typically use a ___ for most internal storage.
magnetic hard drive
In an all-in-one computer, such as the one pictured in the image, the motherboard is housed behind the
monitor
Two or more complete processors residing on the same chip and can execute two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a ___ -core processor.
multi
A hardware component that keeps data and information when the device is not powered is called a ____ device.
storage
Devices allowing the retention of data, when your computer has been shut down, for future use are called __.
storage
The four basic functions of a computer are to: 1 - accept data input 2 - process data into information 3 - present output 4 - provide ____
storage
The most powerful computers, ______ can evaluate complex data very quickly. Many of these computers in the United States are owned by the government or major research institutions and can cost $1 million dollars or more.
supercomputers
The location of the computer's ___ unit, which houses a computer's motherboard, depends on the type of computer. For example, in this laptop, it is located under the keyboard.
system
A computer that is highly mobile, often has a smaller operating system (OS), and uses a touchscreen as the primary input method is called a
tablet
Personal computer CPU clock speeds range between ____.
1-4 gigahertz
In addition to the RAM, modern processors temporarily keep frequently accessed data in a _____.
cache
Hard drive ______ is the amount of storage you have available to save data and information.
capacity / space / size
Clock speed, also referred to as _____ _____, is the speed at which the processor performs the operations required to run a digital device and instructions executed by the digital device.
clock rate
A digital device that accepts input, processes data into information, stores data, and provides output is a
computer
A personal computer with a separate system unit (chassis or tower) and a relatively large footprint is called a ___ .
desktop
Memory, such as RAM or cache, is __ and has no moving parts.
electronic (solid state)
The computer that can be found inside a programmable coffee pot is referred to as a(n) ___ computer. It has a real-time operating system.
embedded
Sold in categories such as CAT5e (enhanced) or CAT6, or CAT7 cable is commonly used for connecting devices in a network. These are commonly called ______ cables.
ethernet
Most tablets have solid-state drive (SSD) capacities measured in terabytes (TBs).
false
The only major difference between MacBooks and the Dell laptops is their prices.
false
A protocol commonly used to transfer large files from one server to another on the Internet is the ___.
file transfer protocol (FTP)
The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its
footprint
Typical SSD capacities for tablet computers or smartphones are measured in _____
gigabytes
The output of visual images created by a computer is known as ____.
graphic
The ___ is a computer within your computer that creates images.
graphics processing unit
Magnetically charged particles on spinning disks are how traditional ____ `drives store data.
hard
Which of the following terms refers to the physical parts of a computer system?
hardware
Memory, such as a computer's RAM ___
holds data and programs being used by the processor.
A multicore processor has the ability to execute two or more sets of instructions at the same time. This is called _____.
hyperthreading
When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ___.
not saved
Running the processor faster than recommended by the manufacturer is called _____. This can increase performance and speed, but also can also void the manufacturer warranty.
over clocking
___ can damage a processor if not properly executed. It will also void your warranty.`
overclocking
The Apple iPod, Google Chromecast, Amazon Kindle Fire and Roku are examples of _____ Media Players.
personal
Rank the storage capacities from highest to lowest. Place the highest capacity (largest) at the top.
petabyte terabyte gigabyte megabyte kilobyte
The smallest element of an image is called a __ and is usually composed of _ colors.
pixel, three (primary)
A hole or slot in a computer, designed to accept a specific connector, is called a ___.
port
IP, FTP, HTTP, and HTTPS are all acronyms that describe different
protocol
Wi-Fi waves are basically _____ waves.
radio
The ____ of monitors and other display devices is measured in pixels.
resolution
A type of interface that enables communication between digital devices, allows data transfer, and for devices to be electrically charged is called Universal _____ Bus.
serial
A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a ___
server
A processor with one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a ____.
single-core processor
Data from the hard drive reaches the CPU ___ than data from the RAM.
slower
Solid ________ Drives (SSDs) are all-electronic storage devices that are used in a variety of products including smartphones, cameras, and tablet computers. SSDs have no moving parts, which makes them faster and more durable than hard drives.
state
Because they are inexpensive and reliable ___ have become extremely popular storage devices.
thumbdrives (USB or flash drives)
Many computers today use _____, which is a coding scheme using at least 16 bits to represent a character.
unicode
If you buy a new computer game that emphasizes graphics, or new photo/video editing software for your desktop computer, you may want to purchase a new ___.
video/graphics card
