BUS TEST

Employers must verify that employment candidates are eligible to work in the U.S. as mandated by the:

Immigration Reform and Control Act

Human resource management is the process of deciding the number and types of people your business needs, and then, recruiting, selecting, developing, motivating, evaluating, compensating, and scheduling employees to achieve organizational goals.

TRUE

In 2008, Congress passed the Americans with Disabilities Amendments Act. What was the scope of the changes?

The amendment widened the scope of what disabilities are covered under the act.

Under a(n) ___________ shop agreement, workers must belong to the union before they are hired.

closed

In a(n) ______, all of the members are skilled specialists in a particular trade.

craft union

HR is focused on issues directly related to a person's job and with things that happen at work, as opposed to concerns that may affect one's work such as eldercare and childcare, but are not directly related to work.

false

Products that are used in the production of other goods and services are called ________ goods.

industrial

__________ consist of major capital equipment such as new factories and heavy machinery.

instillation

A firm that wants to distribute its products as widely in a market as possible would use a(n) ___________ distribution strategy.

intensive

A(n) ___________ distribution strategy distributes a product through only a preferred group of retailers in a given area.

selective

Retailers such as jewelry stores, shoe stores, and bicycle shops are:

specialty store

One of the most important responsibilities for professionals in the human resources field is:

staying current with employment-related legislation.

An important U.S. government organization charged with setting human resource management guidelines is:

the EEOC

Markus believes that due to changing technology the minimum skill level that his company is requiring for computer-intensive jobs should be increased to include knowledge and experience in higher-level programming applications. These new requirements would be reflected in _______________ for various jobs at his company

the job specification

Stores that remain open 24 hours a day, seven days a week are providing _________ utility to their customers.

time

A craft union is an organization of skilled specialists in a particular craft or trade.

true

Arbitration and mediation are alike in that both involve an impartial third party to help in the negotiation process. The differences in these two approaches is that an arbitrator's decision is binding and both parties agree to this on the front end; a mediator encourages the two conflicting parties to continue to negotiate and may make suggestions in pursuit of a resolution.

true

Labor unions played a major role in establishing minimum wage laws, child-labor laws, and improvements in job safety.

true

Last year Adam lost his job as a skilled welder at an automobile assembly plant. After looking for work for several months, he finally accepted a job as an unskilled laborer at a local nursery. Although he is pleased to have work, Adam feels that his new job doesn't use his skills to their full potential. Adam is an example of an underemployed worker.

true

One challenge faced by today's human resource managers is the fact that workers overseas often work for lower wages and are subject to fewer laws and regulations.

true

The human resource function has become so critical that it is now a concern of all managers.

true

The Industrial Revolution slowed the growth of unions by creating a rapidly rising standard of living for most workers.

false

The Taft-Hartley Act strengthened unions by giving them the right to engage in featherbedding and secondary boycotts.

false

Throughout most of American history, the relationship between managers and employees has been fairly smooth.

false

Today's workers have an increased demand for benefits tailored to their individual needs.

true

___________ is the use of a third party to encourage labor and management to continue negotiating in an effort to settle a labor dispute or achieve a mutually acceptable labor-management agreement.

B. Mediation

Today, packaging is:

B. assuming an increasingly important role in the promotion of products.

The ______________ was established by the Wagner Act to oversee labor-management relations.

C. National Labor Relations Board

Low prices can often help retailers create an attractive total product offer.

true

Many firms that want to use an intensive distribution strategy would find vending machines an attractive method of selling their goods.

true

Marketing intermediaries have survived because they have been able to perform marketing functions more efficiently and effectively than a manufacturer or consumer could perform these functions.

true

One of the challenges facing today's human resource managers is a shift in the age distribution of the labor force, including aging baby boomers, many of whom are deferring retirement.

true

One of the things that labor is interested in is fair and competent management.

true

Price, store surroundings, service, and brand name are all elements that consumers evaluate in a total product offer.

true

Producers normally provide form utility, but retailers sometimes also provide this type of utility.

true

Wage rates, hours of work, employee benefits, and job rights and seniority are issues covered in a typical negotiated labor-management agreement.

true

When consumers calculate the value of a product, they look at the benefits and then subtract the cost.

true

The Coca-Cola Company produces Diet Coke, Diet Coke with Splenda, and Coke Zero along with a number of other flavors. These products are part of Coke's:

A. product line.

In a union shop:

A. workers must join the union within a stipulated time period (usually 30, 60, or 90 days) in order to keep their jobs.

The __________ was set up as a federation of many separate craft unions.

AFL

The ____________ protects individuals over the age of 40 from discrimination based on age with respect to issues such as hiring, promotions, job benefits, and assignments.

Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967

Which of the following products would be considered an unsought good or service by a typical college student?

car towing

Entice-Mint Breath Mints is a new brand of breath fresheners. The company realizes that product location is very important since consumers desire to buy this type product with a minimum of effort. Entice-Mint mints represent a:

convince good

A firm's product line refers to all of the different geographic markets in which it sells the same good or service.

false

A mediator has the power to impose a binding settlement on labor and management.

false

In evaluating colleges, students and parents are likely to judge a school:

C. by the collection of benefits offered by the school.

The primary difference between retailers and wholesalers is that:

C. retailers sell to final consumers, while wholesalers sell to other organizations, such as retailers or manufacturers.

Unions were originally formed ________________.

C. to seek protection against unfair treatment

Computers, copiers, and fax machines used by businesses would be classified as:

accessory equipment

Salespeople can be important providers of information utility.

true

Some freight forwarders offer warehousing and customs assistance.

true

Successful businesses constantly monitor consumer wants and needs.

true

The critical component of a total product offer is always a low price.

false

Break-even analysis determines profitability of a firm at various levels of sales.

true

Brokers are marketing intermediaries that do not take title to the goods they help distribute.

true

Frank Crimmins was driving on Interstate 85 in eastern Alabama when he noticed he was running low on gas. Frank was relieved when he found a gas station open at the next exit just 2 miles ahead. This is an example of the value place utility provides to a consumer.

true

In evaluating a total product offer, value enhancers such as service, guarantees, reputation of the seller, etc. are as important to customers as the basic product.

true

John L. Lewis broke with the American Federation of Labor (AFL) in 1935 over membership issues and formed a rival group known as the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO).

true

Ramona is a recent HR hire for a security firm that hires retired law enforcement officers to provide security for retail malls across the nation. Her supervisor was impressed with Ramona's knowledge of current laws with respect to hiring practices, but asked her to quickly get up to speed on compensation and training laws. This is a reasonable request if Ramona plans to stay in the HR field.

true

Labor unions were largely responsible for:

D. minimum wage laws and laws against child labor.

The primary purpose of collective bargaining is to:

D. negotiate a labor-management agreement that both the union and management are willing to accept.

The management at a shoe factory planned to terminate production due to labor issues that were consuming most of the profits. For years, the strong union at this facility did some tough negotiating with the company's corporate headquarters. In a companywide vote, employees agreed to walk away from union membership in order to keep the factory open and save their jobs. The NLRB (National Labor Relations Board) agreed that it was in the best interest of the employees. ______________ was started to take away the rights of union representation at the factory.

B. Decertification

A single product line may contain several competing brands.

true

The break-even point is that level of sales where total revenues equals total costs.

true

The best product development strategy for most firms is to:

C. constantly monitor consumer wants and needs and be willing to develop new products and adapt policies and services as those consumer needs begin to change.

Closed shops were declared illegal by the:

A. Taft-Hartley Act.

Geraldo works on the assembly line for a major automobile manufacturer. He was hired for the job without any specific training or skill. Geraldo joined a union with other assembly-line workers who perform a variety of jobs that do not require a highly specialized skill. Geraldo belongs to a(n):

A. industrial union.

Restaurants, like other businesses, often find that the best way to succeed in the market is to:

A. listen to customers and adapt products to their needs.

____________ is the process by which a group of workers legally take away a union's right to represent them.

B. Decertification

Which of the following topics is generally covered in a negotiated labor-management agreement?

B. Grievance procedures

Which of the following firms would be most likely to use a selective distribution strategy for its products?

B. Maker of designer men's suits

Which of the following refers to a group of products offered by a firm that are physically similar or are intended for a similar market?

B. product line

The AFL originally was a federation of craft unions that did not attempt to organize industrial unions. The main reason for this strategy was that:

B. the leaders of the AFL believed that the skilled workers represented by craft unions would have better bargaining power than unskilled workers.

Sweet Dream Confectioners uses the same ingredients as most other producers of chocolate candies. In fact, taste tests suggest that the candy itself, while quite good, isn't much better than other well-known brands of chocolate. However, the company wraps its candies in expensive-looking foil and places them in very attractive boxes. It promotes its products in advertisements as "the ultimate in chocolate experience." Sweet Dream charges a much higher price than most competitors, but sales continue to grow. This success indicates that:

B. there is more to the total product offer than the physical product.

A key difference between a mediator and an arbitrator is that:

C. an arbitrator can settle a labor-management dispute by rendering a binding decision, while a mediator can only make suggestions and encourage the two sides in a dispute to continue negotiating.

_____________ is the process by which representatives of a union meet with representatives of management to negotiate a contract for workers.

D. Collective bargaining

Northern Lights Electronics just completed plans to distribute its new tablet. The product has several unique features that differentiate it from competitor products. The marketing team plans to begin a roll-out with ____________ to only one traditional retailer for the first two months. This strategy will give consumers the perception of the product's stand-out personality and increase demand. Marketing will proceed with _______________ for the next four months, where it plans to distribute to three other retailers, as well. For the last six months of the year, it will initiate distribution agreements with discount retailers and online retailers, and any other electronics store that wants to carry it. The marketing team is confident that the tablet will cycle through the first three stages of its product life cycle quickly. As the tablet reaches maturity during the second half of its first year in the market, it is good strategy to proceed with ____________, as described above.

D. exclusive distribution; selective distribution; intensive distribution

The two major influences on the growth of unions in the U.S. were:

D. laws that supported unionizing; public opinion

When people consider purchasing a good, they:

D. may evaluate and compare a variety of factors.

The Procter & Gamble Company is a major producer of bar soaps. In fact, Procter & Gamble produces Ivory, Camay, Lava, Safeguard, Zest, and Coast bar soaps that all claim a variety of benefits. These products are part of Procter & Gamble's __________ in bar soaps.

D. product line

If management and union officials cannot resolve a grievance, a(n) _________ is asked to listen to the arguments of each side and to make a decision that both sides will have to comply with.

arbitration

The process of bringing in an impartial third party to render a binding decision in a labor dispute is referred to as:

arbitration

A sales agent is an agent who represents the interests of the consumer in a particular territory when negotiating terms of purchases made directly from a producer.

false

From a strategic marketing viewpoint, a total product offer includes all of the tangible attributes of a good or service, and excludes any intangible attributes.

false

In the battle between electronic retailers and traditional "bricks and mortar" retailers, the electronic retailers seem to have all of the advantages needed to emerge as the clear winners.

false

Marketing costs make up less than 25 percent of the total cost of the goods consumers buy.

false

McDonald's prides itself on offering precisely the same menu around the world so that customers know exactly what to expect when they eat at a McDonald's.

false

Miller Light Beer, Maxwell House Coffee, Jell-O brand gelatin, Kraft mayonnaise, and Marlboro Cigarettes, were all at one time products of the Philip Morris Company. These products represented a part of the product line Philip Morris offered.

false

Most firms have trouble implementing the structural changes required by the Americans with Disabilities Act.

false

Most marketing intermediaries have survived in the past because consumers were unaware of how much these companies add to the cost of distributing goods.

false

Once the final customer has taken title to a good, marketing intermediaries no longer are involved in providing utility to the customer.

false

Organizations that assist in moving goods and services from producers to business and consumer users are called supply-side transition specialists.

false

Recent federal law clearly and strongly supports the notion that companies must use strict employment quotas to correct for past discriminatory actions.

false

Recruiting is relatively easy today because qualified labor is so plentiful.

false

Rick is in his early sixties. A few years ago he had planned to retire by the time he was sixty, but when the time came, he decided to continue working. In fact, not only is Rick still working, he has no intention of retiring or setting a time when retirement might occur. Rick's decision to keep working into his late sixties is unusual in today's labor market.

false

The first step in the human resource planning process is to prepare a job analysis for each available position within the firm.

false

The main objectives of organized labor, better wages and shorter hours, have remained remarkably stable over time.

false

The purpose of break-even analysis is to determine the lowest price a firm can charge and still be able to cover its costs of production.

false

The reason industries such as robotics and biotechnology have grown rapidly in recent years is that the United States has a surplus of highly educated and experienced workers available for employment in these fields.

false

Today, human resource management is viewed as a clerical function of keeping personnel records and processing payroll.

false

Total fixed costs are those costs that change when the volume of production changes.

false

Under a closed shop agreement, workers must agree not to join a union in order to keep their jobs.

false

Wholesalers are marketing intermediaries who sell goods or services to ultimate consumers.

false

Promotions and transfers are __________ sources available to human resource managers in their recruiting efforts.

internal

Jack is a project manager for a large construction company. Each day his job requires him to prepare detailed reports of the progress of current projects assigned to him. Since this responsibility is something that he does on a regular basis, the HR professional for his company would list it as part of the ______________ for Jack's project management position.

job description

____________ wholesalers are independently owned and take title to the goods they handle.

merchant

CareerBuilder and Monster are examples of

online firms can use to recruit employees.

A(n) __________ sells general merchandise directly from the manufacturer at a discount; items may be discontinued or have certain product flaws.

outlet store

E-Gadgets is a chain of electronics stores that specializes in devices and gadgets incorporating cutting-edge technologies. The company has more than 170 stores located in large cities throughout the Southeast and Midwest. E-Gadgets has chosen the locations of its stores so that most customers living in upper middle class and wealthy neighborhoods can get to an E-Gadgets store in less than 15 minutes. E-Gadgets is providing its customers with:

place utility

Barbeau Heating and Cooling offers customers who buy air conditioners and furnaces free delivery and low installation charges. The company also offers a free follow-up inspection of the new equipment one month after it is installed. These services are ways that Barbeau provides its customers with __________ utility.

possession

The combination of product lines offered by a manufacturer is called the firm's:

product mix

According to U.S. business law, accommodation means

providing services for employees according to their specific needs.

Ben, a 44-year-old middle manager at a well-known advertising firm, just lost his job. The company downsized due to a significant loss of clients during the last recession. Although Ben's work was considered exemplary in many ways, and his staff had won awards with their creative work, the company decided to let Ben go instead of another middle manager who was a minority. In a business setting, we call this occurrence _________________.

reverse discrimination

One way traditional retailers have maintained customers in the face of increasing competition from online sellers and other direct markers is to place more emphasis on providing _________ utility.

service

A traditional McDonald's and a McCafe are examples of the McDonald's Corporation product mix.

true

A union is an employee organization that has the main goal of representing its members in employee-management negotiation concerning job-related issues.

true

According to the Seeking Sustainability box, IKEA found that even though paper pallets can only be used once, they can help reduce shipping costs and are easier to recycle. T

true

Agents and brokers and wholesalers are types of marketing intermediaries.

true

Although HelpUSell brings together buyers and sellers and helps negotiate exchanges, it does not actually take title to any of the goods being traded. HelpUSell would be classified as an agent or broker.

true

Cash-and-carry wholesalers and drop shippers are both classified as limited-function wholesalers.

true

Collective bargaining is the process whereby union and management representatives negotiate a labor-management agreement, or contract, for workers.

true

Fancy Feet sells high-quality socks and stockings by sending catalogs to customers and offering them a toll-free telephone number so that they can call in their orders 24 hours a day any day of the year. Fancy Feet uses telemarketing.

true

Fast-food organizations must constantly monitor all sources of information for new-product ideas.

true

Human resource management is receiving increased attention because the shift from traditional manufacturing industries to service and high-tech manufacturing industries requires workers to have more technical job skills.

true

In 1955, after the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act, the AFL and CIO merged to create the AFL-CIO.

true

In the long run the market determines what the price will be.

true

It is challenging for HR managers to deal with a declining economy that results in a short-term preference for part-time and/or temporary employees and a trend to outsource jobs, even though there are skilled employees who are willing to work.

true

Jake remembers his grandfather telling him about going to work at 16 years of age in the coalmines of southern Illinois. In order to get the job, he had to agree to a yellow-dog contract. Essentially this meant he would only get the job if he agreed not to join a union.

true

Product development is a key activity in any modern business, anywhere in the world.

true

Ruth Gray is a manager who takes pride in her ability to be fair and impartial. She treats all workers the same way, and evaluates them all using the same standards. Ruth is likely to have difficulty with the adjustments needed to accommodate disabled workers.

true

Some manufacturers sell directly to consumers or businesses rather than relying on marketing intermediaries.

true

Successful marketers attempt to think like consumers and evaluate the total product offer as a collection of impressions created by all parts of the value package.

true

The Knights of Labor was the first truly national labor organization in the United States.

true

The NLRB (National Labor Relations Board) has created procedures that union advocates must follow in order to organize a union at a place of business. The multi-step procedure culminates with a secret vote by the employees of the organization.

true

The National Labor Relations Act gave employees the right to form and join labor organizations and the right to engage in activities such as strikes and boycotts.

true

The Zendor Corporation operates a manufacturing plant in Bel Ridge. The work is arranged in an assembly line and is performed by semiskilled and unskilled workers. These workers are looking into obtaining union representation. The type of union they would belong to would be classified as an industrial union.

true

The appropriate term for employees whose skills and knowledge go beyond their current work environment and work responsibilities is underemployed workers.

true

The image created by advertising is part of the total product offer of a product.

true

The reputation of the manufacturer and the retail store surroundings are considered part of the value enhancers of a total product offer.

true

To satisfy consumers managers must learn to listen better than they do now and to adapt constantly to changing market demands.

true