Business Ethics- Exam 1

What is another name for an integrity test?

"Honesty test"

If the baseline fine for an ethic's violation is 1,000,000 and the culpability score is 0.05, what is the total fine assessed to the company under the U.S sentencing guidelines?

1,050,000 (1,000,000 X 0.05) + 1,000,000) Formula: Sentencing guideline= Baseline fine + (Baseline fine X culpability score)

_________ _________ affects approximately 13% of U.S. workers.

Abusive Supervision

Consists of the motivation behind the act, the act itself, and the consequences of the act.

Action Sequence

_________, a Scottish philosopher, provided many teachings that underline capitalist systems.

Adam Smith

Which of the following is NOT protected under the 1964 Civil Rights Act?

Age

Which of the following operational areas are confronted with ethical issues?

All levels are confronted with ethical issues

The deliberate pursuit of actions intended to benefit the interests or welfare of others. Developed around 18 months of age

Altruistic Behaviors

Ethical organizations are more likely to do what compared to an unethical organization? (5)

Attract and retain high-quality employees Attract and retain high-quality customers Attract and retain high-quality suppliers Attract and retain high-quality investors Attract and retain high-quality members

Occurs when an individual holds inconsistent or contradictory attitudes and beliefs, which creates an unpleasant state of mind.

Cognitive Dissonance

What where the "top 5" ethical misconducts observed in the Ethics Resource Center 2009 Survey?

Company resource abuse Abusive or intimidating behavior toward employees Lying to employees Email or internet abuse Conflicts of interest

The voice of "God" or pure goodness, within human beings

Conscience

Which personality trait is the best predictor for good work place ethics?

Conscientiousness

Moral Development -"Good Boy", "Nice Girl" orientation -"Law-and-Order" orientation - Societal roles and agreements matter a great deal to the individual

Conventional Level

The biggest source of retail theft is __________, not _________.

Employees Customers Ex- The value of the theft in Wal Mart each year equals th gross revenues of a Fortune 500 company

The set of principles a person uses to determine whether an action is good or bad

Ethics

JUST A FACT: Continuous negative publicity creates substantial barriers. Bad reputation = loss of business

Ex.- WorldCom HealthSouth British Petroleum (BP)

True/False It is IMPERMISSABLE (not allowed) for a potential employer to learn more about an applicant via social media?

False

Which of the following would most likely NOT be a covered disability under the ADA?

Flu

According to its definition, capitalism as an economic system is characterized by which of the following?

Freedom and competion

Most world religions believe that children are born _____ and then learn _____ behavior from others over time.

Good Immoral

Research studies that examine whether a person's willingness to assist a stranger is based on personality characteristics, issue sensitivity, or a contextual factor, such as time.

Good Samaritan

Unethical organization incur a __________ cost recruiting employees, customers, suppliers, and investors.

Greater Ex.- Costs approximately $4,000 to replace a new worker Ex- Costs approximately $2,000 to train a new worker

Which of the following would be considered a conflict of interest?

Hiring a spouse's law firm to handle to legal work for the company

Integrity tests are designed to test an applicant's?

Honesty

Refers to the moral, psychological, and social characteristics of human beings

Human Nature

Which of the following recruitment tools is NOT considered behavioral information?

Hypothetical ethical dilemmas

Belief that individuals are born morally imperfect and need to be healed

Inherited Sin

Which of the following is NOT cited as a reason some people behave unethically?

Insufficient knowledge of the situation

Who was among the first psychologists to outline stages of cognitive development based on patterns he observed in children?

Jean Piaget

Harvard psychologist, influenced by the writings of Jean Piaget, who sought out to answer the question of "Why do some people make decisions that take into consideration only their own interests while others continually make decisions based on living for the sake of others?

Lawrence Kohlberg

What are some costs associated with unethical behaviors? (6)

Legal costs Theft Recruitment and turnover Monitoring Reputation Abusive treatment

What are the three levels of Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development?

Level 1-Pre-convention Level 2-Conventional Level 3- Post-Conventional

Children _______ and _______ others as soon as they can formulate alternative strategies.

Lie Deceive

What is the term given to a wage that is necessary to meet the basic necessities of life?

Living Wage

What is the most direct cost of unethical businesses?

Loss of Business

Which American president signed the 1964 Civil Rights Act into law?

Lydon B. Johnson

Ancient Greek philosophers believed that individuals were born with souls made up of ______, _______, and ______

Mind Emotion Desire

Organizations incur __________ ___________ when they employ unethical individuals.

Monitoring Costs Ex- When an employ lies, it costs more time and money to closely monitor that individual.

The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 outlawed which of the following?

Monopolies

The Boston Tea Party was a response to which of the following British policies?

Monopolistic business practices

Principles compelling people to action.

Moral imperatives Ex-"Do not lie" Ex- "Do unto others as you would want done to you"

From a managerial perspective, what are the most important features of our moral imperfection? (4)

Most employees will lie when pushed Most employees will omit the truth in certain situations Most employees will try to protect their friends Most employees will rationalize small ethical lapses

_______ are a child's most direct role model and shape the child's environmental experiences

Parents

Which one of the following is not a part of triple bottom-line reporting?

Partners

Moral Development -Social contract orientation -Universal ethical principles -individual delves into the principles that govern societal roles and order

Post-conventional Level

Moral Development -individual is not perceived as being part of a broad community with rules and regulations -Obedience and punishment orientation -Instrumental Orientation

Preconventional Level

What are some of the various antidiscrimination charges filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission?

Race Sex National Origin Religion Color

_______ of an organization is its most important asset.

Reputation

__________ management accounts for 63% of an organization's market value.

Reputation Ex- Walt Disney's market value is about $80 billion. About $50 billion is attributed to its good reputation

Which one of the following would NOT be considered an ethics violation?

Requiring all employees to work on saturdays

Any person or organization that is affected by, or could affect, an organization's goal accomplishment.

Stakeholder

Employee theft can include which of the following?

Stealing Time

The period in the 1800's marked by significant growth in the United States was called:

The Industrial Revolution

__________ can occur at all levels of an organization.

Theft

________ organizations cannot be trusted.

Unethical

Why do good people behave unethically? (4)

Unintended unethical behavior Choosing between competing values Intentional unethical behavior Failure to report unethical behavior

Employees can not only steal money, but

products and time.

What three things does the "Triple bottom line" consist of?

profits people planet