Business Final Study Guide

After a customer buys a custom cake or receives catering service from For Goodness Bakes, a service representative contacts each customer to conduct a survey. The survey information is a form of output.

false

When individuals or groups are in the process of purchasing a company, this action is known as being a stakeholder.

false

Georgie's Orchards, a firm that grows, processes, and cans peaches, uses a ________ structure that separates workers based on their tasks or special skills.

functional

After three months of boot camp, the group of new Marines had learned many skills and developed lifelong friendships. The final week of boot camp, called Marine Week, signaled that this group had reached the ________ stage, and would soon be moving onto their next assignments.

adjourning

By understanding the competency gaps that are generally perceived by employers, you should

be motivated to learn.

"I'm going to buy a Ford to support the U.S. auto industry" is an example of which component of attitude?

behavioral

Learning to listen and resisting defensiveness are steps toward becoming

better at receiving feedback.

A multinational corporation is a(n)

business firm with operations in several countries.

A ________ is a consultant with a background in behavioral sciences who can be a catalyst in helping organizations deal with old problems in new ways

change agent

Workers who face discrimination in their jobs in the United States can file a complaint with the

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.

Why should you encourage Derin to use groups to make decisions?

Groups have a greater pool of knowledge.

When the two newly hired analysts compared notes, they found that their interviews had been quite different. Each was long and involved, but the content of the questions varied based on previous employment and education. This means the hiring manager used ________ interviews.

unstructured

Efficiency is ________, while effectiveness is ________.

using resources wisely; achieving results

Chase's Chaises in Arkansas produces high-quality furniture and ships its products to customers in over 40 countries. Chase's Chaises is ________ its products.

exporting

The toughest challenges to overcome with artificial intelligence are

implementation, data issues, and cost.

A(n) ________ is a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more people.

organization

Medical knowledge possessed by doctors results in their ________ power.

expert

A rich medium is more effective with routine situations.

false

Although they may be subtle, when considering forces for change, job dissatisfaction, absenteeism, and low productivity represent

human resources concerns.

Managers in a cosmetics factory have been having problems with employees starting cliques. To develop more of a team culture, the CEO suggested utilizing Mary Parker Follett's idea that companies should

operate as a community, with employees working in harmony.

Which of the following is an attribute of good listeners?

paraphrasing what the speaker has said

When the team executes the strategic plan, it is in which stage of development?

performing

Kennedy, who exhibits feminine communication norms, is likely to

phrase requests in question form

When building a new hospital, the developer did not remove any trees, based on the belief that doing so could compromise the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This is an example of managing for

sustainable development

While setting up their corporation, Amadi and Amir implement a system of governing their organization so that the interests of corporate owners and other stakeholders are protected. Amadi and Amir have set up a

system of corporate governance.

To effectively run her company, Machi applies the ________, a management style the views her firm as an interdependent collection of departments, and as a single institution that interacts with suppliers, distributors, competitors, and customers.

systems viewpoint

During a management workshop, Ishaan, the HR manager, spoke about making decisions related to firing an employee. He said, "I have several rules of thumb that I use to make a decision. First, I ask if it's legal and then if it's ethical." He then laid out several other steps he uses in the decision-making process related to firing. Ishaan's "rules of thumb" are also known as heuristics.

true

One violation of privacy is identity theft, a downside of the digital age.

true

The simplest definition of productivity is outputs divided by inputs.

true

To explain how to initiate, manage, and stabilize planned change, Kurt Lewin developed a model with three stages. Choose the correct three.

unfreeze, change, and refreeze

In the ________ stage of Kurt Lewin's change model, managers try to instill in employees the motivation to change, encouraging them to let go of behaviors that are resistant to innovation.

unfreezing

Too much conflict in the workplace usually leads to apathy.

false

According to the BCG matrix, stars are

organizations with high growth and high market share which are definite keepers.

The two core principles of TQM are

uniform focus on delivering customer value and continuous improvement of work processes

When managing her oil and lube service, Sabrina engages in the controlling function when she

develops a loyalty reward program because the number of repeat customers has been declining

When a company improves the packaging of its product, it is introducing a radically innovative change.

false

Selecting your management approach based on the situation and the people involved is applying

the contingency viewpoint

Efficient communication is attributable to the sender, while effective communication is assessed by the receiver.

true

When asked how positive or negative they feel about their work, fewer than 20% of U.S. workers report being dissatisfied with their jobs.

true

According to Chester I. Barnard, an organization is made up of at least one person who strives daily to achieve the organization's goals.

false

The managers of a car-detailing shop have decided to utilize the Hawthorne effect to increase productivity, which means using cameras to film employees at work in order to isolate the parts of a job.

false

________ designates how work units are going to optimize resources and make contributions over the next two years.

Tactical planning

________ leadership focuses on clarifying employees' roles and task requirements and providing rewards and punishments contingent on performance.

Transactional

Reinforcement theory attempts to explain behavior change by suggesting that behavior with negative consequences tends to be repeated, whereas behavior with positive consequences tends not to be repeated.

false

Research reveals that emotional people tend to be more satisfied with their jobs, committed to their employer, and produce more work than conscientious individuals.

false

Research shows that compensation is the most motivating factor for workers.

false

What is the last step of the perceptual process?

retrieval from memory

A local university is facing some tough decisions, so they are using the decision tree, which contains individuals, websites, and organizations that specialize in handling sensitive and difficult decisions.

false

Paloma's firm is beginning operations in a foreign host country that requires at least 5% of managerial roles to be filled by workers from the host country. When Paloma hires 50% of managers from the host country, she is fulfilling the "make a profit" practice of corporate social responsibility.

false

Goal-setting theory suggests that employees can be motivated by goals that are specific and challenging, but achievable.

true

Hollie manages a skating rink where most of the employees are high school students. Hollie believes the employees are careless, apathetic, and spend too much time loafing. Hollie is a Theory X manager.

true

Organizations cannot easily control the macro environment, which includes sociocultural, demographic, political-legal, and international forces.

true

Quenton feels that inefficiency is the cause of increased costs in his production facility. Therefore, he is interested in making improvements in his factory by utilizing all the components of the facility's system: inputs, outputs, transformational processes, and feedback.

true

Role ambiguity occurs when a job description and criteria for promotion are vague.

true

Collaboration results from formal structures such as designated leaders, planned agendas, and organizational charts.

false

Claire's Catering is providing food for a major social event next Saturday. Because Claire's does not have enough employees to fully staff the event, the manager should implement talent management to recruit enough workers for the event.

false

Encoding means interpreting and trying to make sense of a message.

false

Evidence-based management includes bragging about new products you have in development.

false

Fiedler's contingency leadership model argues that leadership behaviors should be primarily determined by position power.

false

Higher-level corporate- and business-level strategies flow down to the process strategy.

false

________ is the notion that corporations are expected to go above and beyond following the law and making a profit to help society.

Corporate social responsibility

The PDCA cycle is part of

Deming management

________ managers believe that their native country, culture, language, and behavior are superior to all others.

Ethnocentric

The father of industrial psychology is

Hugo Munsterberg.

After the manager and employee work together to set the employee's objectives, what is the next step of MBO?

The employee should develop an action plan for meeting the objectives.

Mel, Macy, and Maggie work together to achieve a specific purpose, so they are part of an organization.

True

For a manager, building an effective team requires work, but the payoff is

a stronger, better-performing work unit.

The question "What was the best idea you ever sold to a boss or coworker?" would be used in a(n)

behavioral-description interview.

Stores of data that are so vast that conventional database management systems cannot handle them, and very sophisticated analysis software and supercomputing-level hardware are required, are known as ________. These data include not only data in corporate databases but also web-browsing data trails, social network communications, sensor data, and surveillance data.

big data

Once implemented, managers need ________ to keep strategic plans on track.

control systems

According to Victor Vroom, the three primary elements that determine how willing an employee is to work hard at tasks important to an organization are

expectancy, instrumentality, and valence.

When you encounter a medium barrier, the recipient of the message doesn't respond enough.

false

Supportive, value-based, and work facilitation are examples of the ________ element in House's revised path-goal leadership model.

leader behaviors

Content and process are perspectives on

motivation

According to the simple model of motivation, what is the next step after you choose a type of behavior you think might satisfy the need?

rewards

________ leaders focus on providing increased service to others—meeting the goals of both followers and the organization—rather than to themselves.

Servant

When you encounter negative thoughts or sense that others are trying to elicit an emotional response from you, which key skill of being open-minded should you enact?

Watch for communication blocks.

To increase your ________, you could watch international films or attend seminars by culturally diverse speakers.

cross-cultural competency

The United States has prohibited the import of products from Iran due to the political situation in that nation. This complete ban is an example of a(n)

embargo.

errence's team is very close and tends to agree on most decisions with little discussion. Terrence should be concerned about

groupthink.

When it is being used to make a telephone call, your smartphone is an example of which part of the communication process?

medium

A company dress code and award ceremonies would be part of

observable artifacts.

A financial services company with insurance, investments, mortgages, and banking divisions is best characterized as having a

product structure

Fine Cuts has been manufacturing excellent cutlery for over 50 years. Management wants to hang a banner in the production facility with their mission statement. Which of the following statements would be on that banner?

"We will always provide the highest-quality cutlery at the lowest cost to our customers and always give honest, winning customer service, thereby earning a fair profit for our stakeholders."

________ is the arrangement of having discrete parts of a task done by different people.

A division of labor

A goal is a specific commitment to achieve a measurable result within a stated period of time.

A goal is a specific commitment to achieve a measurable result within a stated period of time.

In preparation for being an ethical worker, you can practice being an ethical consumer. Which suggestion would you follow if you were an ethical consumer?

Buy Fair Trade goods.

Yasuf works as a certified nursing assistant (CNA) for his county's human development center. Because the center needs multiple CNAs working at all times, Yasuf frequently earns overtime pay by working more than 40 hours in a week. Overtime protections were established by the

Fair Labor Standards Act.

Younger workers (those born after 1980) will make up more than half of the U.S. workforce by the end of this decade. Which of these recruiting strategies would be least effective in attracting younger workers?

Focus on how much the job pays.

________ focuses on problem solving and performance improvement, or speed with excellence, of a well-defined project.

Lean Six Sigma

A Truss Above, a home builder in the United States, secures products such as roofing shingles, cabinets, and plumbing materials from a variety of domestic and international suppliers. ________ is the practice of using outside suppliers to help the contractor build homes.

Outsourcing

________ is the set of processes and managerial behaviors that involve defining, monitoring, measuring, evaluating, and providing consequences for performance expectations.

Performance management

The key idea that workers should be treated as assets was introduced by

Peter Drucker.

________ power, which all managers have, is power that results from a managers' authority to offer praise and pay raises, even promotions to their subordinates.

Reward

The logistics manager for a trucking company told her employees that "85% of deliveries should arrive within 45 minutes of their scheduled arrival times." This is an example of a

SMART goal.

Emilio and Dylan are studying the strengths and weaknesses of their construction business, Construction Concepts, as well as researching the opportunities and threats in the external environment. They are conducting a

SWOT analysis.

When you become a manager, what should you remember about the behavioral approaches to leadership?

To be an effective leader, behaviors should be selected that match the situation.

________ leadership helps employees pursue organizational goals over self-interests.

Transformational

________ is the intervention phase of the OD process.

Treatment

Samir owns a dental practice, but business has slowed down significantly over the last six months. Which analysis would you recommend to Samir to help him determine whether his dental practice has competitive potential?

VRIO framework

After establishing the mission, vision, and values, what is the next step in strategic management?

assessing the current reality

A ________ is a document that outlines a proposed firm's goals, the strategy for achieving them, and the standards for measuring success, and a ________ outlines the need the firm will fill, the operations of the business, its components and functions, as well as the expected revenues and expenses.

business plan; business model

Effective social media use by businesses can enable

connectivity.

Amaia has been very careful to work with her team to finalize next year's goals. She has taken the process seriously and now wants to make sure that others do their part. Amaia is insisting that all employees follow instructions fully and completely. Amaia seems to be exhibiting the

controlling function because she is concerned with seeing that the right things happen at the right time

Which of the following lists represents the order of levels of strategy from the top of the organization downward?

corporate, business, functional

When Henry Ford implemented the assembly-line process to dramatically decrease the time and resources needed to make automobiles, he was pursuing a ________ strategy.

cost-leadership

An organization's external stakeholders include

customers, suppliers, strategic allies, and financial institutions.

To decide how much an insurance policy should cost a customer, underwriters use ________, such as historical industry trends and loan characteristics, to predict risk levels.

data analytics

An ethical dilemma is a situation in which you must

decide whether to pursue a course of action that may benefit you or your organization but is unethical or even illegal.

A ________ is a graph of decisions and their possible consequences.

decision tree

Control helps an organization

detect opportunities

If a company is using a ________, then more efficient workers earn higher wages.

differential rate system

According to equity theory, which type of justice reflects the perceived fairness of how resources and rewards are distributed or allocated?

distributive

The leader-member exchange (LMX) model of leadership posits that

each relationship between leaders and followers is distinctive.

Ravi, a supervisor, is known by his managers to be sharp in his decisions and has a good track record of meeting his goals. Ravi is a(n) ________ manager.

effective

As a leader, Ervan mentors new employees, encourages socialization, and worries more about building trust than building profits. Ervan is probably a ________ leader.

employee-centered

After studying many management approaches, the best perspective to take as a manager is

evidence-based management.

Which type of communication is highest in media richness?

face-to-face

A business plan is a tool used by the federal government to determine how to strengthen the business sector through macroeconomics and microeconomics.

false

A joint venture allows companies to pay a fee plus a percentage of the profits in return for using a company's name and assistance with management, marketing, and the training of managers and nonmanagement employees.

false

A logic manager is someone trained about matters of ethics in the workplace.

false

The behavioral science approach includes the fields of psychology, marketing, archeology, and economics.

false

You can become more proactive by focusing on problems rather than solutions.

false

A committee investigating the impacts of health care reform on the organization is an example of a(n)

formal group.

Some examples of ________ are companies selling products, operating factories, and collaborating with partners in other countries.

globalization

When physically attractive people are also assumed to be smarter and nicer, which perception distortion has occurred?

halo effect

Colin, who is a paralegal for a powerful Manhattan law firm, likes the fast pace of his work and the fact that things are always changing there. Colin can be said to

have a high tolerance for ambiguity

Abraham Maslow's listing of physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization needs, and his belief that some of these needs must be satisfied before others, was proposed as the

hierarchy of human needs

Employees value high self-awareness, appreciation of others, and openness to feedback which are characteristics of a ________ leader.

humble

Strategic planning is critical, but without ________ it will be worthless.

implementation

Profit-sharing plans, commissions, bonuses, and stock options are examples of

incentives

Fiorella, a recent college graduate in computer programming, is interested in several positions with global companies because she knows that working in other countries exhibits ________ to potential employers.

independence, resourcefulness, and entrepreneurship

To be effective, a leader must understand the ________ aspects of the organization such as values, attitudes, and personalities.

informal

As CEO of a successful tech start-up, Ricardo likely understands that ________ hinges on taking risks and can result in failure.

innovation

A company that works to create a culture that encourages rank-and-file employees to make suggestions, question the status quo, and also measure employee growth, is developing which perspective of the balanced scorecard?

innovation and learning perspective

When a grocery store chain adopts a new practice of its competitors by staying open 24 hours a day, requiring employees to work flexible schedules, it is implementing a(n) ________ change.

innovative

The Pearsons decided to beautify their home by investing in a professional interior design. In the process, they dealt with employees from various departments of the design company, including a sales representative, a designer, the individuals who oversaw and did the work, and the office and billing personnel. From the systems perspective, the people required to provide the interior design services are considered

inputs.

During a situational analysis of the ________ of her dog training service, Jaela determined that one of her strengths was that trained dogs retained their skills for at least three months after training, and that one of her weaknesses was that very few clients brought another dog to her for training.

internal environment

A boundaryless organization is one that

is fluid and highly adaptive and whose members come together to collaborate on common tasks

When Ramiro inspires his employees to do their best to help the organization meet its goals, he is

leading

For a manufacturing company that set a strategic goal to reduce waste by 15%, each division in the organization can use the ________ to identify tactical goals that support waste reduction.

means-end chain

Much to the chagrin of established firms, one clear supertrend is that products and services must get to market faster because

more competitors are offering targeted products

When a pharmacist can't read a prescription because of a doctor's poor handwriting, the message is disrupted by ________, which is defined as any disturbance that interferes with the transmission of a message.

noise

Although ________ are typically unwritten and seldom discussed openly, they have a powerful influence on group and organizational behavior.

norms

In the ________ leadership model, a leader makes desirable rewards available in the workplace and clarifies how followers can obtain them.

path-goal

According to the integrated model, motivation is affected by ________ factors.

personal and contextual

Dominique and Isidora Wilson are wealthy entrepreneurs who are very interested in helping people who have been wrongly convicted of crimes. What philosophy would they choose to implement?

philanthropy

A budget is a formal financial

projection

The key reasons that an organization should adopt planning and strategic management are to

provide direction and momentum, encourage new ideas, and develop a sustainable competitive advantage

Snowcap Ice Cream produces over a dozen delicious ice cream flavors and a number of individually packaged frozen treats. Which of these strategies would represent vertical integration for Snowcap?

purchasing Mountain Dairy milk farm

Which of the following is most often used to influence others?

rational persuasion

A Deloitte Insights survey found that companies are using AI to

reduce errors and defects, increase productivity, and enhance supply chain management.

Rosa hired Luis from Cajun College. He was an amazing employee and exceeded all her expectations. The next year, Rosa received an application for a job opening from another graduate from Cajun College. She was very excited to hire another outstanding candidate. Rosa has ________ bias.

representativeness

Basheer operates a business that smooths and finishes poured concrete floors, sidewalks, driveways, and pool decks. Basheer has been observing and timing each task undertaken by his workers because he would like to increase their efficiency. Basheer is engaging in ________ management.

scientific

Applications, résumés, interviews, and employment tests are all ________ tools.

selection

A hierarchy culture has an internal focus; it values ________ over flexibility.

stability and control

Ethics are

standards of right and wrong that influence behavior.

The Berkshire Hathaway annual meeting, a famous yearly event, can be attended by any ________, which is someone who owns at least one share.

stockholder

The essence of ________ is that organizational culture, structure, and HR practices must align to achieve the company's strategies.

strategic human resource management

Managers use ________ to visualize how strategic goals relate to one another and to overall firm success.

strategic maps

Cornelius owns Grand Games, a high-end store that retails games and toys that are handcrafted and carefully selected. Cornelius targets customers who value artisanal work, such as backgammon sets made from reclaimed lumber by local crafters. There are several stores in the area that sell mass-made toys and games that are much cheaper. To compete, Cornelius offers "game nights" where he sets up game boards and invites local teens and adults to take part in light-hearted competitions, where the winners receive a 10% discount on their next purchase. Cornelius also takes custom orders for game pieces that his customers want, such as 12-sided dice or newly invented games. All of Cornelius's activities are aimed at giving Grand Games a sustainable competitive advantage through

strategic positioning

For almost 20 years, Hank has been the top sales professional for Strickland Propane. He credits his success to following the first law of business, which is to

take care of the customer.

Kendall frequently spots issues that will affect both her team in Sacramento and their counterparts in San Bernardino. Kendall plays a ________ role by setting meetings with both teams so they can work openly and coordinate smoothly.

task

A(n) ________ could be a collection of five employees who are studying industry pay scales, with the goal of making recommendations for adjusting pay grades within their company.

team

Jaco is most motivated when he is able to influence his work environment and decide when and how to complete his work. Which of the following best describes Jaco's motivation?

the autonomy aspect of self-determination theory

Choose the definition of the term that completes this sentence: Managers should understand ________ because they affect how people perceive and act within the organization.

the stable of psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person his or her identity

Which of the following is a motivating factor according to Herzberg's two-factor theory?

the work itself

Optimistic people view challenges as opportunities to influence decisions.

true

Team composition reflects the collection of jobs, personalities, values, knowledge, experience, and skills of team members.

true

Veronica thinks Yu-Chen is arrogant. Yu-Chen thinks Veronica is unprofessional. Forcing Veronica and Yu-Chen to work together could diminish both workers' well-being.

true

When Riley, a physical therapist, prescribes stretches and exercises to his patients, he is communicating externally.

true

When brainstorming, you should go for quantity over quality.

true

When managers and employees within the same department are brought together in cross-functional teams to solve particular problems, their company is using a team-based design.

true

Employers must consider an employment test's ________, meaning whether or not it measures what it purports to measure.

validity

Knowledge, courage, patience, and honesty are examples of

values

Which of the following is most important for the team leader to encourage during the storming stage of group development?

voicing of disagreements

When preparing for an interview, reading social media profiles or "About" pages on a company's website can help you understand

who holds important leadership positions.

The manager of a retail pharmacy stated that "the pharmacy will increase its profit margins." This is an example of a SMART goal.

false

The unofficial communication system of the informal organization, a system of gossip and rumor, is known as jargon

false

Understanding how artificial intelligence, big data, and collaborative computing will impact your organization is the challenge of managing for

technological advances

Disruptive innovation is a process by which a product or service takes root initially in simple applications at the bottom of a market and then relentlessly moves up market, eventually displacing established competitors.

true

Employee attitudes, turnover, organizational culture, and resource capabilities are typical metrics in the foundational perspective of the balanced scorecard approach.

true

Employees who speak up with practical ideas, share their love of their work with others, help out their coworkers, and take care of the company's building and equipment are exhibiting organizational citizenship behaviors.

true

Evidence-based management includes making decisions based on what actually works versus what ought to work.

true

Farrah, a regional manager for an HVAC equipment retailer, received an e-mail from the CEO outlining the new goal of decreasing company costs over the next three years. This is an example of a strategic goal.

true

The owners of a computer repair shop want to better formulate strategies, so they should conduct a SWOT analysis to understand the strengths and weaknesses within their company and the opportunities and threats of the external environment.

true

The system of governing a company so that the interests of corporate owners and other stakeholders are protected is known as corporate governance.

true

The systems model of change consists of three parts: inputs, target elements of change, and outputs.

true

The world is becoming one market instead of many national ones.

true

To maintain a competitive advantage, Gabriela's company must be responsive to customers, be innovative, make high quality products, and do the work efficiently.

true

To start work every day, Saura sits down and sets her goals for the day and then she decides how to achieve them, formulating future courses of action to achieve the specified results. This is the definition of planning.

true

Total quality management (TQM) is a comprehensive approach led by top management and supported throughout the organization that is dedicated to continuous quality improvement, training, and customer satisfaction.

true

According to expectancy theory, your ________ is low if you don't think a bonus or raise is going to be big enough to justify working evenings and weekends.

valence

A ________ expresses what the organization should become and where it wants to go strategically.

vision statement

In the third step of the strategic management process, managers should

translate the broad mission and vision into a corporate strategy.

A corporate culture is defined as the set of shared, taken-for-granted implicit assumptions that a group holds and that determines how it perceives, thinks about, and reacts to its various environments.

true

A distributor is a person or an organization that helps another company sell its goods and services to customers. Distributors are considered external stakeholders.

true

________ is the last step in the control process.

Take corrective action if necessary

Quality assurance programs have been successful in many manufacturing environments because they increase workers' autonomy over the work process.

false

Quantitative management emphasizes the use of accounting to provide the needed internal controls related to inventory.

false

Sakda said to his employee, Kurt, "You should work harder so the employees who have been here a long time will like you." This statement likely fostered nondefensive communication from Kurt.

false

Several studies found that strategic planning does not benefit smaller companies, as they very seldom see improvements in financial performance from this type of planning.

false

Smart manufacturing is achieved by instituting employee surveillance and monitoring.

false

Some large publishers have stopped publishing children's books because they are expensive to produce and distribute. This is an example of an offensive strategy.

false

Strategic positioning involves performing the same activities as rivals in a similar way, but at a lower cost.

false

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act makes it illegal for employees of the U.S. government to seize a foreign or domestic company's assets.

false

The IT network that allows for the movement of organizational information within that company is known as the organizational structure.

false

The WORLD project is a massive and ongoing cross-cultural investigation of nine cultural dimensions involved in leadership and organizational processes.

false

The career readiness competencies key to developing your ability to think strategically are resilience and leadership.

false

The executives of Great Lakes Medical Center are writing a statement that explains their organization's core purpose. Great Lakes Medical Center is at the strategic formulation step in strategic management.

false

The planning/control cycle is an order planning system in which employees work with customers to plan orders and discuss delivery times.

false

The primary purpose of relationship-oriented leadership behavior is to ensure that people, equipment, and other resources are used in an efficient way to accomplish the mission of a group or organization.

false

The term learning organization is used to describe organizations in the educational and nonprofit industries.

false

There are two levels of management in an organization: top and first-line.

false

Thought is the process of interpreting and understanding one's environment.

false

To reduce the escalation of commitment, Marlee, the CEO, allows herself to be very influenced by the way a problem with her team is presented to her.

false

Two advantages of decentralization are that (1) managers are encouraged to ask for assistance to solve their problems, and (2) decisions are made more slowly because they are discussed at a higher level of management.

false

When you grandstand and boast about your greatness, you are promoting yourself.

false

A real estate development company is considering a deal to develop 1,000 condominium units. This deal largely rests on a hat the city's population will grow by 23% over the next decade.

forecast

The human relations movement proposed that better human relations could increase worker productivity.

true

External stakeholders include employees, owners, and the board of directors.

false

________ is a control mechanism for making sure the right people do the right things at the right time.

A hierarchy of authority

Which of the following is a good tip for being an effective writer?

Keep it simple; use short words, sentences, and phrases.

Which scholar developed the global corporate social responsibility pyramid?

Archie Carroll

Baran wants to begin drug testing applicants before he hires them to work for his hotel. Which of the following is true and sound advice for Baran?

Baran should test every applicant in the pool or none at all.

Adrian is the manager of Olive-or-Twist, a swanky martini lounge. Belinay is an accomplished mixologist and she serves as the bar manager. Cassius recently began working as a barback, and this is his first job. Which of the following is an example of downward communication?

Belinay shows Cassius how to properly clean the glasses.

________ refer(s) to the arrangement that ensures strategic goals align downward with more specific short-term goals.

Cascading goals

Etsuko was leading her business when she set this year's goals and developed plans to meet them.

False

Dontrell and Ebony are expecting their first child this week, but Dontrell has an important meeting at corporate headquarters. To attend this meeting, Dontrell must take the train from Seattle to Vancouver, a trip that takes about four hours. While in Vancouver, Dontrell checks his phone each hour for updates and, as soon as Ebony goes into labor, he will able to return home to Seattle by airplane in less than two hours. Which important development allowed Dontrell to attend the birth of his first child?

He benefited from the rise of the global village.

Once her team's goals were set, Alyssa asked each team member to come up with a(n) ________ to reach the goals.

action plan

At Kaira's Caribbean Cuisine, Kaira improves focuses on efficiency by

advertising specials to use up food inventory that is nearing its expiration date.

Fiona felt like there were not enough potential customers for her to earn a good living as a commission-based sales agent. Therefore, Fiona left that job and found work as an insurance claims agent, a more structured job. Fiona could be described as having

an external locus of control.

Together, focusing on individual employee productivity and managing the overall firm comprise the ________ viewpoint.

classical

As the CEO of a mid-size airline, Karyn knows that most commercial airplanes are manufactured by either Airbus or Boeing. To mitigate the ________ of the airline industry, Karyn explores options for her company to manufacture its own airplanes.

bargaining power of suppliers

Crystal Coast is an all-inclusive beachside resort. It offers lodging, six restaurants, dancing, snorkeling, parasailing, and spa treatments. On the resort grounds, Crystal Coast also has a dive center, jet skis, and a water park. All of these amenities are only available to customers staying at Crystal Coast. Crystal Coast's strategic position emerges from

broad needs, few customers.

Which level of strategy is concerned with how much to spend on marketing or whether to expand facilities?

business

When Bedisa is analyzing underlying causes, she is engaged in

diagnosis

The organizational development (OD) process has three steps: ________, accompanied by feedback.

diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation

Valentino is proud to work for a company with a strong ________ because he knows the organization supports ethical behavior.

ethical climate

Zahra, the human resources manager, has significant experience handling ethical issues in the workplace. Over the years she has received extensive training in matters of workplace ethics. Due to Zahra's legal background (she is a member of the state bar association), the management of her company rely on Zahra to assist them with legal issues, especially with ethical dilemmas. Her organization should appoint Zahra as the

ethics officer.

One important reason controls are useful to organizations is so that decision-making power can be centralized to a few key leaders.

false

Organizational development managers and consultants follow a moving-vehicle model.

false

Organizing is monitoring performance, comparing it with goals, and taking corrective action.

false

Sadiya, who owns a dance studio, consistently reminds her employees that dance lessons are a luxury for customers, so they should be both informative and fun. By making these statements, Sadiya is

explicitly stating values and norms preferred by her organization.

A person's emotional stability refers to how intellectual, imaginative, curious, and broad-minded he or she is.

false

A product innovation is a change in the way a product or service is conceived, manufactured, or disseminated.

false

A social audit is a systematic assessment of employee happiness within a company.

false

Adaptive change is the introduction of a practice that is new to the organization.

false

Amaia has been the plant manager of the Bakersfield facility for six years. Recently, the director of operations asked Amaia to be the plant manager of the Santa Ana facility. Amaia has received a promotion.

false

Authenticity, control, and collaboration are the three drivers of the "trust triangle."

false

Critical thinking, teamwork, leadership, and professionalism are some of the knowledge competencies needed for career readiness.

false

Dissemination is the transfer of information and understanding from one person to another.

false

During the annual planning meeting with her executive leadership team, Mieko, president of a rapidly growing company, expressed her vision for expanding company operations across the globe. Mieko's long-term vision is an example of e-commerce.

false

Filipino shrimpers practice dumping by selling their catch to U.S. customers at a price that is higher than the price of shrimp caught in the United States.

false

For Amanda's annual performance appraisal, her supervisor solicited feedback from three of Amanda's coworkers, the manager of the customer-service department, several of Amanda's clients, and even a few employees in other departments with whom she worked recently. Amanda's performance appraisal is an example of a forced ranking system.

false

For a company making advanced technology, with highly specialized components, a customer divisional structure would be more effective than a modular structure.

false

Improvement innovations refer to the invention of breakthrough products or services that don't exist yet and that are aimed at creating brand-new markets and customers.

false

In adjourning, conflicts are resolved, close relationships develop, and unity and harmony emerge.

false

Jamila, the top manager of a large bank, relayed to her staff that the bank's goal was to create higher profits and greater efficiency. This will fulfill their corporate social responsibility (CSR).

false

Knowing your decision-making style does not really help you determine your strengths and weaknesses as a decision maker, but it can help you understand when a decision needs to be made.

false

Leadership is the ability to marshal human, informational, and other resources to get something done.

false

Management by measurement is a control principle that states that managers should be informed of a situation only if data show a significant deviation from standards.

false

Marina is a manager who has poor leader-member relations with her employees who perform unambiguous, easily understood tasks. She should use a task-oriented leadership style.

false

Maritime Industries is a federal contractor that makes navigation equipment for naval ships. Maritime Industries rarely focuses on the external environment and is very rigid due to the structured contracts that drive most of its business. Because the products Maritime Industries sells need little improvement and there is virtually no competition, Maritime Industries takes few risks. Maritime Industries is an example of an adhocracy culture.

false

Max Weber believed that bureaucracy prevents a firm from achieving a competitive advantage because it is inefficient and is plagued with management problems.

false

Members of a group that are asking "What's next?" are in the performing stage of team development.

false

Mintzberg concluded that managers play three broad types of roles: interpersonal, analytical, and critical.

false

Nadir's excellent technical skills allow him to work well in cooperation with others to get things done.

false

OD intervention strategies that are successful in one country are highly likely to be successfully applied in other countries.

false

Porter and Nohria proposed that managers most often work alone at their desks, uninterrupted.

false

The trend of the world economy toward becoming a more interdependent system is known as

globalization.

Which of the following exemplifies a communication channel that is outside the organization's formal structure and does not follow the chain of command?

grapevine

The chain of command is also known as the

hierarchy of authority.

Sew Much Fabrics buys fine linens, silks, and other fabrics from sellers in more than 30 countries to retail to local customers. Sew Much Fabrics is an example of a company that

imports.

In their ________ roles, managers interact with people inside their work units; while solving problems is part of their ________ roles.

interpersonal; decisional

Margot is a third grade teacher who spends time each afternoon tutoring students who need a little extra guidance. Margot also volunteers to read to the residents at a nursing home. Margot seems to seek ________ rewards.

intrinsic

Which models of decision making describe how managers actually make decisions?

nonrational

Mitski supervises the returns desk in a department store. Mitski has set a goal for the rest of the year of finishing her daily office work quicker so she can assist at the returns desk earlier in the morning. She knows this will improve customer service and also help decrease theft which will assist the company in achieving its goal of decreasing costs. Finishing her office work quicker represents a(n) ________ for Mitski.

operational goal

Even though Sanjay faced multiple career setbacks, he now has earned his college degree and launched three successful businesses. Sanjay has demonstrated

resilience

According to ________ theory, competence, autonomy, and relatedness are the primary motivations for behavior.

self-determination

When much of her work was automated with a new computerized system, Louisa became unsure of her ability to do her job. Nisa, her boss, has been mentoring her to improve her

self-efficacy.

In ________ teams, there is an expectation of increased productivity and quality of work life because employees are delegated greater authority and granted increased autonomy.

self-managed

A nation's culture is the ________ common to its people.

shared set of beliefs, values, knowledge, and patterns of behavior

As the manager of Cut-Off Salon, LaVonne ensures the prices she charges exceed the cost of providing the services. She also switched the entire salon to carbon-neutral styling products. Which additional element of the triple bottom line should LaVonne consider?

social

If you completed an online training to improve your empathy, you would be targeting which dimension of emotional intelligence?

social awareness

Victoria, a shift manager in a shoe factory, directly supervises 40 employees on her shift. The 40 workers who report directly to Victoria represent her

span of control.

A stability strategy is a grand strategy that involves little or no significant organizational change. For example, Two Become One is a jewelry store that sells only one type of item: engagement and wedding rings. The management of Two Become One does not plan to branch out into selling different types of jewelry; the company has a reputation for being the go-to store to purchase wedding rings, and it plans to maintain that strategy.

true

Abbas enjoys social settings, prefers to talk out problems, and has a direct conversational style. Abbas is an extrovert.

true

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, joining a leadership development group is an example of the self-actualization need.

true

All 78 locations of Moviely Cinemas has a poster in the lobby that reads, "We want to become the epicenter for family entertainment that highlights creative talents and inspires the next generation of film legends." This is the vision statement for Moviely.

true

Assuming they have choices, people will make the choice that promises them the greatest reward if they think they can get it.

true

Flora's Fruit + Fresh is one of several local stores where customers can purchase locally grown fruits and vegetables. Each week, Flora also offers workshops in her store on topics such as canning, healthy eating, and growing a garden, which no other local store does. By offering these unique workshops, Flora is engaging in strategic positioning.

true

If Diamond, a corporate recruiter, wants to selectively recruit passive job candidates, she should utilize the LinkedIn social media network.

true

In advance of opening his new gym, Ethan is writing an explanation of the reason for his business. Ethan is writing his mission statement.

true

In order to motivate employees, performance that meets objectives should be rewarded.

true

In sexual harassment, the harasser may be a(n) outsider, coworker, supervisor, or someone of the same sex.

true

In the late 1800s, David began selling books door-to-door. To entice purchases from female customers, he would include perfume samples as thank you gifts. When the perfume became more popular than the books, David shifted the focus of his business that lead to his founding of Avon. This is an example of a manager viewing his organization as an unfinished, changeable prototype that won't be ruined by dangerous new ideas.

true

Jaheem, who owns a hardware store, uses an income statement to show his revenue and expenses over the past three years to potential investors.

true

Kasem, a retired ophthalmologist, recently founded a nonprofit organization that will organize eye doctors and eye-care professionals to travel to low-income areas in the United States and internationally to provide eye care. Kasem's organization is an example of a multinational organization.

true

Kelia, the owner of a Lebanese factory that produces electrical converters, recently learned that the EU will begin taxing all electrical components imported into EU member nations. In this example, a tariff is being implemented to protect European electrical component manufacturers.

true

Kenji manages a company that collects fresh produce from farmers and distributes it to restaurants. His business is struggling, so he considers mixing some of the older or riper items into the boxes of newer produce. This will allow him to meet cost targets and keep the business going. Kenji is faced with an ethical dilemma.

true

Low self-efficacy is associated with learned helplessness, the debilitating lack of faith in one's ability to control one's environment.

true

Managers should expect to encounter criticisms, disagreements, and other on-the-job conflicts regularly.

true

Maquiladoras are foreign-owned manufacturing plants allowed to operate in Mexico with special privileges in return for employing Mexican citizens.

true

Margo is a district manager who oversees several store managers in a national chain of department stores. Margo reports directly to the vice president of stores and marketing, a member of top management. Margo is a middle manager.

true

Michael Porter posits that implementing sustainable management helps companies establish a long-lasting competitive advantage that results from sustainably managing a firm's impact on the people, planet, and profit.

true

Octavia wants a job that she is good at and that she is happy to go to each day. Octavia would be well-served to understand a company's internal context before accepting a job offer.

true

Rafael's team needed to make a few key decisions regarding their current project. To spark discussion, without hurting people's feelings, Rafael could implement programmed conflict in the form of devil's advocacy or the dialectic method.

true

Research shows that most managers vary between two or three decision-making styles, and that decision-making styles vary across occupations, job level, and countries.

true

Samantha, a CEO, was reviewing her firm's budget. She was surprised to see that about 30% of the compensation budget was allocated to fringe benefits. Brandon, the vice president of HR, was correct in explaining that this proportion is typical for private industry.

true

Selim believes that his hard work will lead to a better job performance. Selim is independently motivated so he does not need to be closely supervised in order to complete his job. Selim demonstrates an internal locus of control.

true

Shemar performs planning, organizing, leading, and controlling functions for his organization, so he should be considered a manager.

true

Strategic management is the method by which managers from all organizational levels work together to set organizational goals and then formulate and implement plans to meet the goals and advance the organization's purpose.

true

Strategy implementation is putting strategic plans into effect, which means dealing with roadblocks within the organization's structure and culture and seeing if the right people and control systems are available to execute the plans.

true

Studies have shown that informal groups enhance innovation and productivity.

true

Teamwork is considered the cornerstone of future management.

true

The best leaders display both transactional and transformational leadership styles.

true

The global village refers to the "shrinking" of time and space as air travel and the electronic media have made it easier for people worldwide to communicate with one another.

true