Business, Technology Education 6-12 (171) Test

Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)

Compress digital videos and animation

Graphic interchange format (GIF)

Compresses graph and graphic files

Server

Computer program that serves the needs of other computer programs

Computer aided design (CAD)

Computer technology or software to create 2 and 3 dimensional solid designs

Register Unit

Control data storage

Control Unit

Control machine activities

Web Developer

Create, test, and maintain web pages and links.

Desktop publishing

Creating a variety of electronic documents

Computer Engineers

Design, install and perform maintenance on computer and computer equipment.

Peripheral

Electronic device that is external to the computer and attach to it in some way.

Repeaters

Enable signal to travel farther in the network without degradation. They do not read signals.

Software Developer

Examines the requirement for computer applications and traslate them into program specifications

cost of good sold

Expenses directly related to producing a particular good for sale. It is determine by combining all the costs associated with the creation of a particular good and then dividing this total by the number of goods that are sold.

Management Structure

Functional, territorial, product and matrix

Webpage development

Genereting content for a website HTML CSS

Business Systems Analyst

Identify the business and information needed and then help the development of new IT solutions

Drawing views

Imaginary view that cut through an object Auxiliaty views, which nit align with three major axis Pattern view Pattern view, dotted lines of a figure that will be folded Exploded view Multiview

gross profit

Is calculated as the net sales minus the cost of goods sold (also called the cost of production).

inventory turnover ratio

Is the ratio of sales to inventory. It measures the number of times a year that inventory is fully replaced.

gross profit margin

It is a ratio indicating the percentage that gross profit (deducting cost of services or products but not deducting operating expenses, taxes or other items) bears to total sales. It is the amount that the business has available to pay for whatever expenses are not directly related to the production of a service or product.

net sales

It is simply sales less returned merchandise, discounts granted for prompt payment, and reduction in cost of damaged goods.

Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)

It is the first program run whent the computer is turned on. It start the operating system

Chief Information Officer (CIO)

Leads and organize the IT group.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Manipulate the data within the computer

current ratio

Most common measurement used to analyze a balance sheet. It is the ratio of current assets to current liabilities/. Used by banks that allow the business buy on credit.

factoring company

Purchase accounts receivable from businesses at a discount because they take a loss if the account remains unpaid. Lend money to businesses with the business inventory as security, used by smaller companies.

Image compression

Reducing the number of bits necessary to store a digital image.

primary reason for accounting

every business owns property, and this property comes with certain rights: therefore business accounting is necessary.

accounting worksheet

form used to combine all of the information from various ledgers on one sheet of paper. Standard worksheet is 6-8 columns. Standard six-column worksheet has a list of the business accounts (the various other firms that the business has had transactions with, as well as the various incomes and expenses and expenses the business has incurred) on the left, and there are columns where the data from the trial balance, income statement, and balance sheet is entered. Once all the account information has been entered, the net income can be calculated by adding together all the debits and all the credits, and finding the difference.

Basic Organization Structure

function, product, market, customer, location. Division of labor, structure for making decisions. Goal: Maintain efficiency in business.

Management style-Exploitative/Authorative

managerial decisions are imposed on subordinates and management has greater responsibility; little communication overall on the hierarchy; Employees very dependent on jobs and exploited by management. Ex: bad factories. Ineffective

Participative-group style

most effective. Managers have trust in subordinates b/c every employee is well trained and competent. Motivation by reward not punishment.

Consultative style

small degree of trust in employees by management; all employees feel some responsibility for the overall success of the company, there is some degree of teamwork and freedom to act on minor issues among employees. But management handles larger issues and does not trust lower level employees with important manners.

Telecommunication Components

- Transmitter: convert information into signal - Space channel: carry the signal - Receiver: convert the transmittion into usuable data

Technical Drawings

2 types. Two dimensional and three dimensional

Information Systems Analyst

Determines if the computer is meeting the organization needs in the most efficient manner.

Bus network

Each node in a network using a single cable.

Database Programmer

Is responsible for database design, implementation, maintenance, and security

general ledger

Also known as nominal ledger is the central record of accounts for a business that uses double entry bookkeeping. Includes accounts for fixed assets; current assets; liabilities; profits or losses; income and expenditure and reserves. It is a summary of all the financial activity of the company; includes the date and a brief description of the transaction.

Network Interface Cards

Anable computers to connect over the network

Space

Any area allocated for a certain task. It has 3 basic components: background, foreground and middle ground

Network node

Any computer linked to the network

Radio Waves

+100m - 1mm broadcast tv, radio, mobile phone, and wireless network signals. Dubject to government regulation

Joint photographic experts group (JPEG)

16.7 million different colors

Routers

Allow multiple networks to be linked across internet.

operating expenses

Any expenses that are not directly related to the production of a good or performance of a service.

Images capture

Aquiring digital images from a camera

Switches

Are similar to bridges, but are capable of connecting more than 2 networks.

Layout

Arrangement and treatment of elements on a page

income from operations

Calculated as gross profit minus operating expenses.

Arithmetic/logic unit

Carries out operations

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Connect multiple LANs

sales

Considered to be the total amount of goods or services that a business has sold during a period.

Ring network

Each node connect to other 2 nodes and the last node connects to the first one.

Bridges

First read the destination address of the signal, and the forward it to the other network if the signal was intended to go to a computer in the other side.

Cache memory

High speed memory. It contains information is needed inmediatly

Local Area Network (LAN)

Inside of a home or public business.

Digital video interactive

Interactive video system

Sketch

Is a free handwriting that gives an idea of the final product

Random-access memory (RAM)

Is a part of the hard disk which the computer can both read and write information.

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Known as the internet. Provide public internet access

Texture

Perception of surface quality

Architectual drawings includes

Presentation, Survey, Record, Working

Image editing

Process of modifying images

Monochromatic colors

Same color in different shades.

Tagged image file format (TIFF)

Scanned photographs

Hard Disk Drive

Secondary data storage

Micro waves

Shorten than radio waves use as well in Wi Fi networks and higher intense level in microwaves.

Proportion

Size of a certain element relative to other elements

Management Problems.

Span of Management - too many immediate subordinates to be effective. Job assignments unclear.

Personal Area Network (PAN)

Such as the BlueTooth

Image assembly

Taking preeexisting images to create new ones.

Typography

Technique of creating, arranging and modifying letters

cost of goods sold

The amount that it took to produce ll the goods that were sold.

Exploded view

The order in should the object be assembled. Each part separated by a equal space.

Star network

There is one main computer where all the others are connected to and this one regulate network access.

Multiview

Thre dimensional objects on a two dimesional surface. Interior surfaces and exterior surfaces

Form

Three measurable dimensions: height, width, and depth.

Telecommunication

Transmitting information over long distances

Value or tone

Uses light and dark contrast to create depth and perception

Drafting CAD

Visible lines: represent the edges from a particular view angle Hidden lines: Short dashes represent edges mot visible Center lines: Axis of a circular component Section or cross: cut into section views

trial balance

Worksheet on which all of the balances from the various ledgers are entered into two columns: debit and credit. Used to pinpoint any errors that may have been made during the creation of the ledger.

Product structure

break along product lines(auto manufacturer)

Port

can be either a physical interface between two computing devices or virtual conecction between two computer programs

straight line depreciation

company determines how much the equipment may be sold for at some future date and then assumes it will lose equal amount of value every year until it reaches that price.

Matrix structure

functional and product structures - both financial and production oversee a project

Infrared radiation

longer than terahertz sending remote controls signals, space optical communication, fiber communication. Between computer peripherals

Management style-Exploitative/benevoloent

managerial assumption that management acts in the best interest of the workers; little communication overall on the hierarchy; Management patronizing and fail to take into account employees feelings. Ineffective

declining-balance depreciation

operates on the assumption that an asset will decline in value most in its first few years of operation.

Territorial structure

operations are spread out over a variety of areas each operating independently

Image transfer

process of moving an image from one store mediun, photograph, to another storage, such as computer disk

Ultraviolet spectrum

security mark and optical storage of information.

Terahertz

shorter than microwave used in satellites and airplanes

Vector Graphics editor

software that can create and edit simple geometric figures

Entrepreneurship

the process of starting, organizing, managing, and assuming the responsibility for a business. The foundation of the free market economy. Create diverse product market.

Light spectrum

the spectrum that human eye sees. Convey sound or image information.

pre-tax profit margin

used to assess a business income statement. It is the business' profits before taxes as a percentage of sales. Ratio is considered to be the true measure of the profitability of a company because it measures the % of each $ that is registered as profits before taxes.

Functional Management Structure

Divides the parts of the business by what they do. Production, Acctg, marketing, etc.

Reas-only memory (ROM)

Data store on the computer motherboard itself such as the BIOS. Anable the computer to run the operating system and to manage the processor and other devices.

income statement

Describes in summary form the sales for some period of time (1 m, 3 mo or 1 yr). It then subtracts the expenses incurred by that business during the sames period and gives the resulting amount as either a profit or loss.