Canadian Citizenship Test

What key phrase from the British North America Act outlines what Canada's institutions upload a commitment to?

"Peace, Order, and Good Government"

WHO WAS THE FIRST LEADER OF A RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT IN THE CANADAS IN 1849? a. Sir John A. Macdonald b. Robert Baldwin c. Louis Riel d. Sir Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine

"Responsible government" refers to a government responsible to the people, not to the monarch or their representatives, giving colonists control of their domestic affairs. For Canada, the creation of one ultimately led to Confederation. D) Sir Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine was the first Canadian to become Prime Minister of the United Province of Canada, and the first head of a responsible government. Robert Baldwin worked with La Fontaine and led the first "responsible ministry" in Canada. Louis Riel was the founder of Manitoba, and leader of two resistance movements against the Canadian government and its first post-Confederation prime minister, Sir John A. Macdonald.

What have poets and songwriters hailed Canada as?

"The Great Dominion"

What is Canada often referred to as?

"a land of immigrants"

What can you tell me about Habeas Corpus?

"the right to challenge unlawful detention by the state" Comes from English common law

Quiet Revolution

Period of rapid changes in the 1960s. Some sought to separate from Canada. 1963 Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism + Official Languages Act (1969) = guarantees French and English services in the federal government across Canada Later in 1982, 1995 Quebec tried sovereignty. Still a lively topic.

What are some examples of taking responsibility for yourself and your family?

Getting a job, taking care of one's family and working hard in keeping with one's abilities.

What is meant by the equality of women and men?

Men and women are equal under the law.

My provincial representative is...

Monique Taylor

Symbols: Coat of Arms and Motto

Motto: A Mari Usque Ad Mare (Latin) From sea to sea Instituted after WWI Coat of Arms: has symbols of England, France, Scotland, and Ireland and red maple leafs.

Which is the only official bilingual province?

New Brunswick

Holidays:

New Year's Day — January 1 Sir John A. Macdonald Day — January 11 Good Friday — Friday immediately preceding Easter Sunday Easter Monday — Monday immediately following Easter Sunday Vimy Day — April 9 Victoria Day — Monday preceding May 25 (Sovereign's Birthday) Fête Nationale (Quebec) — June 24 (Feast of St. John the Baptist) Canada Day — July 1 Labour Day — First Monday of September Thanksgiving Day — Second Monday of October Remembrance Day — November 11 Sir Wilfrid Laurier Day — November 20 Christmas Day — December 25 Boxing Day — December 26

What provinces are referred to as the Atlantic Provinces?

Newfoundland Novia Scotia New Brunswick PEI

What is the newest province to join Canada? What is the newest territory to join Canada?

Newfoundland & Labrador Nunavut

In Canada, are you obliged to tell other people how you voted?

No

National Anthem of Canada:

O Canada O Canada! Our home and native land!True patriot love in all thy sons commandWith glowing hearts we see thee riseThe true North strong and free!From far and wide, O Canada we standon guard for theeGod keep our land glorious and free!O Canada, we stand on guard for theeO Canada, we stand on guard for thee

What are three responsibilities of citizenship?

Obeying the law Taking responsibility for oneself and one's family Serving on a jury.

What responsibilities do the rights that Canadians enjoy come with?

Obeying the law — One of Canada's founding principles is the rule of law. Individuals and governments are regulated by laws and not by arbitrary actions. No person or group is above the law. Taking responsibility for oneself and one's family — Getting a job, taking care of one's family and working hard in keeping with one's abilities are important Canadian values. Work contributes to personal dignity and self-respect, and to Canada's prosperity. Serving on a jury — When called to do so, you are legally required to serve. Serving on a jury is a privilege that makes the justice system work as it depends on impartial juries made up of citizens. Voting in elections — The right to vote comes with a responsibility to vote in federal, provincial or territorial and local elections. Helping others in the community — Millions of volunteers freely donate their time to help others without pay—helping people in need, assisting at your child's school, volunteering at a food bank or other charity, or encouraging newcomers to integrate. Volunteering is an excellent way to gain useful skills and develop friends and contacts. Protecting and enjoying our heritage and environment — Every citizen has a role to play in avoiding waste and pollution while protecting Canada's natural, cultural and architectural heritage for future generations.

Official Languages Act

Official Languages Act (1969) = guarantees French and English services in the federal government across Canada has three main objectives: -Establish equality between French and English in Parliament, the Government of Canada and institutions subject to the Act; -Maintain and develop official language minority communities in Canada; and -Promote equality of French and English in Canadian society.

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Oil

The Capital of Canada

Ottawa Chosen as the capital in 1857 by Queen Victoria (great-great-grandmother of Queen Elizabeth II) 4th largest city in Canada

Majority/minority Government

Refers to a party in the House of Commons that forms the government with more than 50% of the seats under its control. If the party in power holds less than half = minority

Rebellions of 1837-38

Reformers in Upper and Lower Canada believed that progress toward full democracy was too slow; armed rebellions occurred in 1837-38 in the area outside Montreal and in Toronto, but the rebels did not have enough public support to succeed.

Remembrance Day

Remember sacrifices of veterans and fallen soldiers, the 110,k who have given their lives. November 11th. Wear red poppy and have a moment of silence on the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month. In Flanders Fields: Poem published in Punch Magazine in 1915 and written by Canadian poet John McCrae. It reflects the patriotic feelings during the early days of the war. To this day, the red poppy is the symbol of Remembrance Day. In Flanders fields the poppies blow Between the crosses, row on row, That mark our place; and in the sky The larks, still bravely singing, fly Scarce heard amid the guns below. We are the dead. Short days ago We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow, Loved, and were loved, and now we lie In Flanders fields. Take up our quarrel with the foe: To you from failing hands we throw The torch; be yours to hold it high. If ye break faith with us who die We shall not sleep, though poppies grow In Flanders fields.

How a bill becomes law — The Legislative Process

STEP 1 First Reading — The bill is considered read for the first time and is printed. STEP 2 Second Reading — Members debate the bill's principle. STEP 3 Committee Stage — Committee members study the bill clause by clause. STEP 4 Report Stage — Members can make other amendments. STEP 5 Third Reading — Members debate and vote on the bill. STEP 6 Senate — The bill follows a similar process in the Senate. STEP 7 Royal Assent — The bill receives royal assent after being passed by both Houses.

What is the significance of the discovery of insulin by Sir Frederick Banting and Charles Best?

Saved 16 million lives, treats diabetes

A History of Ontario/Quebec

Settled, named Combined into Province of Canada aka Upper Canada (ON) and Lower Canada (QB) 1867 Split into two, renamed

In Canada, what has the state traditionally partnered with faith communities to promote?

Social welfare, harmony and mutual respect; to provide schools and health care; to resettle refugees; and to uphold religious freedom, religious expression and freedom of conscience.

WWII

Started in 1939 when Germany invaded Poland and started conquering much of Europe. More than a million Canadians and Newfoundlanders (Newfoundland was a separate British entity) served in the Second World War, out of a population of 11.5 million. This was a high proportion and of these, 44,000 were killed. Canada contributed more to the Allied air effort than any other Commonwealth country, with over 130k. Canadians took part in the liberation of Italy in 1943-44. Japanese Canadians forcibly relocated and property sold without compensation. In 1988 Canada apologized and compensated victims. In the epic invasion of Normandy in northern France on June 6, 1944, known as D-Day, 15,000 Canadian troops stormed and captured Juno Beach from the German Army. Approximately one in ten Allied soldiers on D-Day was Canadian. Germany surrendered on May 8, 1945.

Who is the head of state in Canada? Who is the head of government in Canada?

State: Monarch of England Government: The prime minister

Courts in Canada

Supreme Court is the highest court Federal Court deals with federal government stuff Most provinces have appeals and trial courts (aka Court of the Queen's Bench or the Supreme Court) Also smaller provencial courts - traffic, family, small claims, etc.

Symbols: The Beaver

Symbol of the Hudson Bay Company On five cent coin.

What do you know about John Buchan?

The 1st Baron Tweedsmuir Was a popular Governor General of Canada (1935-40) The 15th Governor General Immigrant groups, he said, "should retain their individuality and each make its contribution to the national character." Each could learn "from the other, and ... while they cherish their own special loyalties and traditions, they cherish not less that new loyalty and tradition which springs from their union"

What can you tell me about "Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms?"

The Constitution of Canada was amended in 1982 to entrench the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which begins with the phrase: "Whereas Canada is founded upon principles that recognize the supremacy of God and the rule of law."

Symbols: the Crown

The Crown is a symbol of government, including Parliament, the legislatures, the courts, police services and the Canadian Forces.

Ottawa History

The Duke of Wellington sent some of his best soldiers to defend Canada in 1814. He then chose Bytown (Ottawa) as the endpoint of the Rideau Canal, part of a network of forts to prevent the U.S.A. from invading Canada again. Wellington, who defeated Napoleon in 1815, therefore played a direct role in founding the national capital.

What is the Quebec Act of 1774?

The Quebec Act restored French civil law while maintaining British criminal law. The Quebec Act restored French civil law while maintaining British criminal law. It allowed religious freedom for Catholics and permitted them to hold public office, a practice not then allowed in Britain.

What is the difference between the role of the Queen and that of the Prime Minister?

The Sovereign is the guardian of Constitutional freedoms, The Prime Minister selects the Cabinet ministers and is responsible for operations and policy of government.

NAME THE FIVE REGIONS OF CANADA a. Midwest, North, South, East, Central b. Maritimes, Ontario, Quebec, Prairies and British Columbia c. Atlantic, Central, Prairie, West Coast and North d. West, Central, East, Prairies and Territories

The answer is C. There is no official "East." The Atlantic region and the Maritimes are one and the same and include the provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, and Prince Edward Island. Ontario and Québec make up the Central Region, where half the population of Canada lives. Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta are the Prairie Provinces. The West Coast is taken up by British Columbia all by itself. The term "Western provinces" is also used to refer to the Prairies and British Columbia, and the North consists of the three Canadian territories Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut.

What is the highest honour that Canadians can receive?

Victoria Cross.

Who were the first Europeans to arrive in Canada?

Viking explorersfrom Iceland who colonized Greenland 1,000 years ago also reached Labrador and the island of Newfoundland. The remains of their settlement, l'Anse aux Meadows, are a World Heritage site.

WWI Canada

When Germany attacked Belgium and France in 1914, Britain declared war. Ottawa formd the Canadian Expeditionary Force (later the Canadian Corps). 600,000k of 8 mill Candians served. 170k wounded and 60k killed. Vimy Ridge in 1917 was a famous, 10k killed or wounded. Honor for Canada. April 9th is Vimy Day. Ukrainians were put in labour camps in Canada from 1914 to 1920 1918, General Sirt Arthur Currie (Canda's greatest soldier) led the Canadian Corps with the French and British final 100 days. War ended with the Amistice on Nov 11, 1918.

PM's Cabinet

PM Chooses them most come from among members of the House responsible for running federal government departments, make budget and propose new laws. Their decisions can by questioned by all members of the House.

opposition parties

Parties that do not have the highest % of seats in the House of Commons The opposition party with the most members of the House of Commons is the Official Opposition or Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition. The role of opposition parties is to peacefully oppose or try to improve government proposals.

Who is on the various bills and coins?

Penny = Maple leaf symbol, taking them out of circulation, round up or down. Nickel = Beaver, made of steel nowadays Dime = Famous sailboat, Bluenose. known as the fastest in the world for 20 years. Quarter = caribou $1 Coin = Loonie, a loon aka the national bird of Canada $2 Coin = Toonie, two colours on it, has a polar bear $5 Bill = Sir Wilfrid Laurier, Canadarm for NASA missions $10 Bill = Sir John A. Macdonald, railroad $20 Bill = Queen Elizabether II, WWI memorial. She used to be on $1 and $2 and $1000 also. $50 Bill = Wiliam Lyon Mackenzie King, PM during WWII + coast card ship $100 Bill = Robert Borden, PM during WWI + scientific research

John Graves Simcoe

Late 1700's, the first Lietenant Governor of Upper Canada, founder of York (Toronto). he ended slavery in Upper Canada

Who was Sir Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine?

Led Quebec into confederation. A champion of democracy and French language rights and the first leader of a responsible government in the Canadas.

The name of the political party in power is...

Liberal

sports in canada

Basketball was invented by Canadian James Naismith in 1891 In 1996 at the Olympic Summer Games, Donovan Bailey became a world record sprinter and double Olympic gold medallist. Chantal Petitclerc became a world champion wheelchair racer and Paralympic gold medalist. 1980 Terry Fox, lost is right leg to cancer at 18, Marathon of Hope cross country to raise money for cancer research. In 1985, fellow British Columbian Rick Hansen circled the globe in a wheelchair to raise funds for spinal cord research.

What did Jacques Cartier do?

Between 1534 and 1542, made 3 voyages to claim land for King Francis I of France. Was the first European to explore the St. Lawrence River and to set eyes on present-day Québec City and Montreal

The names of the other opposition parties and leaders are...

Block Quebecois - Blanchet + NDP - Singh

When you go to vote on election day, what do you do?

Bring voter card and ID Mark an X fold the ballot and present it to the poll officials who will tear off the ballot number and give you the ballot to deposit in the box

Social Assistance in Canada

Canada Health Act: Ensures common elements and a basic standard of coverage. Employment Insurance: Introduced by the federal government in 1940 Old Age Security was devised as early as 1927 and 1965 in Quebec Publicly funded education is provided by the provinces and territories.

What type of government is Canada?

Canada is a constitutional monarchy, a parliamentary democracy and a federal state. Federal State: The responsibilities of the federal and provincial governments were defined in 1867 in the British North America Act, now known as the Constitution Act, 1867. Federal government takes responsibility for matters of national and international concern. (defense, foreign policy, interprovincial trade and communication, currency, navigation, criminal law, and citizenship etc.). Provincial governments are responsible for municipal government, education, health, natural resources, property and civil rights, and highways. Shared = Agriculture and immigration. Federalism allows different provinces to adopt policies tailored to their own populations, and gives provinces the flexibility to experiment with new ideas and policies. Every province has its own elected Legislative Assembly, like the House of Commons in Ottawa. Parliamentory Democracy: the people elect members to the House of Commons in Ottawa and to the provincial and territorial legislatures. These representatives are responsible for passing laws, approving and monitoring expenditures, and keeping the government accountable. Three parts of parliament: the Sovereign (queen or king), the Senate (appointed by Governor General via advice from PM, serve until 75), and the House of Commons (elected officials, generally 4 year terms). No bill can become law in Canada without passing the Senate and the house + royal assent by the Governor General on behalf of the Sovereign. Cabinet ministers (PM and his people) are responsible to the elected representatives (house of commons), which means they must retain the "confidence of the House" and have to resign if they are defeated by majority in a non-confidence vote. Constitutional Monarchy: Head of State = Sovereign, who reigns in accordance of the constitution aka rule of law. Sovereign plays a non-partisan role. S symbol of Canadian sovereignty, a guardian of constitutional freedoms, and a reflection of our history.

Cold War

Canada joined with other democratic countries of the West to form the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), a military alliance, and with the United States in the North American Aerospace Defence Command (NORAD).

The Order of Canada and other honours

Canada started its own honours system called the Order of Canada in 1967, 100 years after the confederation.

Symbols: The Maple Leaf

Canada's best-known symbol adopted as a symbol by French-Canadians in the 1700s have appeared on Canadian uniforms and insignia since the 1850s

Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR)

Canada's first transcontinental railway, started in 1871 and completed in 1885. Donald Smith led the construction and drove the last spike financed by British and American investors and built by both European and Chinese labour. Chinese were subject to discriminationatory "Head Tax, a race-based entry fee. The Government of Canada apoligized for this in 2006.

Name two key documents that contain our rights and freedoms

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms Magna Carta (the Great Charter of Freedoms).

Who is entitled to vote in Canadian federal elections?

Canadian citizen 18 years or older On voters' list.

What does our "secret ballot" mean?

Canadian law secures the right to a secret ballot. This means that no one can watch you vote and no one should look at how you voted.

How common is Chinese speaking in Canada?

Chinese languages are the second most-spoken at home, after English, in two of Canada's biggest cities. In Vancouver, 13% of the population speak Chinese languages at home; in Toronto, the number is 7%.

Who can run for federal election?

Citizens 18 years or older

Symbols: Parliament Buildings

Completed in the 1860's during Queen Victoria's reign. Centre Block was destroyed by an accidental fire in 1916 and rebuilt in 1922. Libary is the only original building remaining. Peace tower = WWI Memorial Chamber includes Books of Remembrance (including names of all fallen soldiers)

The name of the party representing Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition is...

Conservative

The name of the provincial party in power is...

Conservative

What are the three major political parties?

Conservative Party, the Liberal Party, and the New Democratic Party.

What did the Constitutional Act of 1791 do?

Divided the Province of Quebec into Upper Canada (later Ontario), which was mainly Loyalist, Protestant and English-speaking, and Lower Canada (later Quebec), heavily Catholic and French-speaking. Also granted to the Canadas, for the first time, legislative assemblies elected by the people. The name Canada also became official at this time and has been used ever since. The Atlantic colonies and the two Canadas were known collectively as British North America.

The Head of Government (the Premier) is...

Doug Ford

When did the French settlers first establish communities on the St. Lawrence River?

Early 1600's

The name of the representative of the Queen for my province is...

Elizabeth Dowdeswell

The representative of the Queen in my province, the Lieutenant Governor, is...

Elizabeth Dowdeswell

What type of elections is a Canadian citizen expected to participate in?

Federal, provincial/territorial, local

What knowledge must be understood in order to demonstrate an adequate knowledge of Canada for citizenship? What knowledge must be understood in order to demonstrate an adequate knowledge of the responsibilities and privileges for citizenship?

(a) the chief characteristics of Canadian political and military history;(b) the chief characteristics of Canadian social and cultural history;(c) the chief characteristics of Canadian physical and political geography;(d) the chief characteristics of the Canadian system of government as a constitutional monarchy; and(e) characteristics of Canada other than those referred to in paragraphs (a) to (d). (a) participation in the Canadian democratic process;(b) participation in Canadian society, including volunteerism, respect for the environment and the protection of Canada's natural, cultural and architectural heritage;(c) respect for the rights, freedoms and obligations set out in the laws of Canada; and(d) the responsibilities and privileges of citizenship other than those referred to in paragraphs (a) to (c).

Symbols: The Fleur-de-lys

(lilly flower, looks like the Saints symbol) adopted by french king in 500 AD, used for New France. Revived for the Confederation, it was included in the Canadian Red Ensign.

Newfoundland and Labrador

-Atlantic -Most easterly point in North America, has its own time zone -Oldest colony of the British empire -sea trade + hydro + oil

New Brunswick

-Atlantic -Situated on the Appalachian range -the only officially bilingual province - 1/3 French -Forestry, agriculture, fishing, mining, etc. -Saint John is largest city

Nova Scotia

-Atlantic -gateway to canada -world's highest tides, canda's largest naval base. -most populous Atlantic province]

PEI

-Atlantic region -Prince Edward Island -Smallest Province -Known for beaches, red soil, potatoes, farming. -Birthplace of the confederation -One of the longest bridges in the world. -Anne w/ an E

Ontario

-Central region -12 million population, 1/3 of Canadians - diverse population -financial centre, metal producer

Quebec

-Central region -8 million population, 3/4 French first language. -lots of resources -main producer of pulp and paper and hydro + aeronatics and pharmacuticals -Montreal is the second largest city in Canada

Northwest Territories

-North region -Ruperts Land and NWT -Yellowknife is the diamond capital of N. America -1/2 aboriginal -Mackenzie River is 2nd largest N. American river after the Mississippi

Yukon Territory

-North region-Tourism + Mining, 1890's gold rush-neighbors Alaska -Coldest temp in Canada ever (-63 C), Mt Logan highest mountain in Canada

Nunavut Territory

-North region-means "our land" in Iniktitut -established in 1999, split from NWT + former disctrict of Keewatin -19 member legislative assembly chooses premier and ministers by consensus. -85% Inuit, Inuktitut is an official language and the first language in schools

From the 1800's until the 1980's, what was done to many Aboriginal children?

-Placed in residential schools to be educated and assimilated into mainstream Canadian culture -Physical abuse, poorly funded schools. Aboriginal languages and cultural practices were mostly prohibited. -In 2008, Ottawa formally apologized to the former students.

Saskatchewan

-Prairie region -40% of the arable land in Canada - largest producer of grains and oilseeds -"breadbasket of the world" - "wheat province" -One of places in the world that produce the most agricultural products -world's deepest deposites of uranium and potash (for fertilizer) -training academy of RCMP is here, regina

Manitoba

-Prairie region -based on agriculture, mining, and hydro. -portage and main

What did the native people do as they lived off the land?

-The Huron-Wendat of the Great Lakes region, like the Iroquois, were farmers and hunters. -The Cree and Dene of the Northwest were hunter-gatherers. -The Sioux were nomadic, following the bison (buffalo) herd. -The Inuit lived off Arctic wildlife. -West Coast natives preserved fish by drying and smoking.

Tell me about religion in Canada.

-The great majority of Canadians identify as Christians. -The largest religious affiliation is Catholic, followed by various Protestant churches. -The numbers of Muslims, Jews, Hindus, Sikhs and members of other religions, as well as people who state "no religion" are also growing.

What can you tell me about Quebec?

-Vast majority French speaking -Most are descendants of 8,500 French settlers from the 1600s and 1700s -The House of Commons recognized in 2006 that the Quebecois form a nation within a united Canada. -One million Anglo-Quebecers have a heritage of 250 years and form a vibrant part of the Quebec fabric.

British Columbia

-West Coast Region -Western most province -4 mil population -Vancouver is gateway to asia -forestry products - lumber, print, pulp, paper mining, fishing, fruit, wine extensive park system in canada, 600 of them -largely asian -navy fleet headquarters in victoria

What was the South African War?

...1900 boar war

How many Canadians died in World War 1?

...60k, also 170 wounded

What are the sources of Canadian law?

1. Laws passed by Parliament and provinceial legislatures 2. English common law 3. The civil code of France 4. The unwritten constitution that we have inherited from Great Britain

Resources to master before taking the test:

1. Read "Discover Canada" all the way through at least once, listen to the audio all the way through at least once: -https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/corporate/publications-manuals/discover-canada.html 2. "Study Questions" section of "Discover Canada: -https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/corporate/publications-manuals/discover-canada/read-online/study-questions.html 3. Master this 220 question practice test: -https://citizenshiptests.org/canadian-citizenship-test/ 4. Master the questions on my Quizlet set 5. Learn the National Anthem 6. The resources on these websites: -https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=4&v=tiDZhE9FEJ0 -http://www.yourlibrary.ca/citizenship/index.cfm?get_answers=1&language=en -http://www.citizenshipcounts.ca/ -http://canadiancitizenshiptestkit.com/canadian-history-timeline/ -https://livelearn.ca/article/about-canada/taking-your-citizenship-test-5-tips-to-ace-it/ -http://www.yourlibrary.ca/citizenship/ -https://free-citizenship-test.musitrature.com/free-canadian-citizenship-test-practice/ -https://lostintheleafcity.com/free-canadian-citizenship-practice-tests/ -https://www.testcitizenship.ca/ -https://www.toronto.com/news-story/8695415-quiz-could-you-pass-the-canadian-citizenship-test-/ -https://www.google.com/search?q=quizlet+cnadian+citizenship+test&oq=quizlet+cnadian+citizenship+test&aqs=chrome..69i57j0.10658j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

How many provinces/territories does Canada have?

10 provinces and 3 territories

Ridings

Aka districts or constituencies Geographical areas, each of which elects a representative to a federal or provincial legislature; also known as "constituencies"

When was the first European Settlement north of Florida?

1604, by French explorers Pierre de Monts and Samuel de Champlain, first on St. Croix Island (in present-day Maine), then at Port-Royal, in Acadia (present-day Nova Scotia). In 1608 Champlain built a fortress at what is now Québec City. The colonists struggled against a harsh climate. Champlain allied the colony with the Algonquin, Montagnais, and Huron, historic enemies of the Iroquois, a confederation of five (later six) First Nations who battled with the French settlements for a century. The French and the Iroquois made peace in 1701. Beaver pelts were in demand in Europe.

When did ENGLISH settlement begin in Canada?

1610

When did the Montreal Stock Exchange open?

1832

Expansion of the Dominion

1867 — Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick 1870 — Manitoba, Northwest Territories (N.W.T.) 1871 — British Columbia 1873 — Prince Edward Island 1880 — Transfer of the Arctic Islands (to N.W.T.) 1898 — Yukon Territory 1905 — Alberta, Saskatchewan 1949 — Newfoundland and Labrador 1999 — Nunavut

What is the name of Canada's original constitutional document and when was it written?

1867, British North America Act, aka Constitution Act, 1867 Created the Dominion of Canada Occurred during Queen Victoria's reign.

Tell me about Marjorie Turner-Bailey

1976 Olympian of Nova Scotia, is a descendant of black Loyalists, escaped slaves and freed men and women of African origin who in the 1780s fled to Canada from America, where slavery remained legal until 1863.

What are the most important freedoms and rights that are summarized in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms?

1982 Mobility Rights — Canadians can live and work anywhere they choose in Canada, enter and leave the country freely, and apply for a passport. Aboriginal Peoples' Rights — The rights guaranteed in the Charter will not adversely affect any treaty or other rights or freedoms of Aboriginal peoples. Official Language Rights and Minority Language Educational Rights — French and English have equal status in Parliament and throughout the government. Multiculturalism — A fundamental characteristic of the Canadian heritage and identity. Canadians celebrate the gift of one another's presence and work hard to respect pluralism and live in harmony.

Size of Canada

2nd largest country in the world by geographic size - 10 million square kilometres 3 oceans: Pacific, Atlantic, Arctic Population of 34 million per Discover Canada, this is probably out dated (37.59 per a quick Google search)

HOW MANY ELECTORAL DISTRICTS ARE THERE IN CANADA? how is this determined?

338

What exactly is a Governor General? WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE GOVERNOR GENERAL?

A Governor General represents the Canadian monarch, who currently would be Queen Elizabeth II. Since Her Majesty is too busy to deal with much Canada-related business, the Governor General represents Canada on visits abroad and receives royal visitors, heads of state, and foreign ambassadors. Technically, he or she wields a lot of power, capable of kicking out the prime minister if the government was ever stuck in a political stalemate. However, it's mostly considered to be a ceremonial role, and some scholars believe that the reserve power is too archaic to pose a threat—a Governor General has never booted a Prime Minister in the country's history. The answer to the original question is****

Who are the Métis?

A distinct people of mixed Aboriginal and European ancestry.

Alberta

Alberta -Prairie region -named after Princess Louise Caroline Alberta, daughter of Queen Victoria. -national parks, Lake Louisse, fossils, and dinosaur finds. -oil and gas + agriculture, cattle ranches/beef

What are the largest ethnic groups in Canada?

English, French, Scottish, Irish, German, Italian, Chinese, Aboriginal, Ukrainian, Dutch, South Asian and Scandinavian. Since the 1970s, most immigrants have come from Asian countries.

How many people in Canada speak English? How many people in Canada speak French?

English: 18 million French: 7 million (majority live in Quebec, but a million in ON, NB, MAN

What are the three branches of government?

Executive, Legislative, Judicial

The War of 1812

A war (1812-1814) between the United States and England which was trying to interfere with American trade with France. In 1813, Lieutenant-Colonel Charles de Salaberry and 460 soldiers, mostly French Canadiens, turned back 4,000 American invaders at Châteauguay, south of Montreal. In 1813 the Americans burned Government House and the Parliament Buildings in York (now Toronto). In 1813, Laura Secord, pioneer wife and mother of five children, made a dangerous 19 mile (30 km) journey on foot to warn Lieutenant James FitzGibbon of a planned American attack. Her bravery contributed to victory at the Battle of Beaver Dams. She is recognized as a heroine to this day. In retaliation in 1814, Major-General Robert Ross led an expedition from Nova Scotia that burned down the White House and other public buildings in Washington, D.C. Ross died in battle soon afterwards and was buried in Halifax with full military honours. The present-day Canada-U.S.A. border is partly an outcome of the War of 1812, which ensured that Canada would remain independent of the United States.

What are the three founding peoples of Canada? (including details of each)

Aboriginal -Aboriginal and treaty rights are in the Canadian Constitution. -believed to have migrated from Asia many thousands of years ago, well established here long before explorers from Europe first came to North America. -First Nations cultures were rooted in religious beliefs about their relationship to the Creator, the natural environment and each other. -Territorial rights were first guaranteed through the Royal Proclamation of 1763 by King George III, and established the basis for negotiating treaties with the newcomers— treaties that were not always fully respected. British The basic way of life in English-speaking areas was established by hundreds of thousands of English, Welsh, Scottish and Irish settlers, soldiers and migrants from the 1600s to the 20th century. French The Acadians: -descendants of French colonists who began settling in what are now the Maritime provinces in 1604 -"The Great Upheaval" Between 1755 and 1763, during the war between Britain and France, more than two-thirds of the Acadians were deported from their homeland. -the Acadians survived and maintained their unique identity. Today, Acadian culture is flourishing and is a lively part of French-speaking Canada.

Origins of Manitoba and Saskatchewan

After Canada took over the big NW region from Hudson's Bay Company in 1869, the 12k Metis in the area were not consulted and were upset. Louis Riel ld a revolt and seized Fort Garry, the capital of the area. The fort was retaken, and then the province of Manitoba was established. Later in 1885, a 2nd rebellion in present day Saskatchewan led by Riel led to his execution for treason. He's seen as a Metis hero and father of Manitoba.

After an election, which party forms the government?

After an election the leader of the political party with the most seats in the House of Commons is invited by the Governor General to form the Government.

British Commonweath of Nations

After the First World War, the British Empire evolved into a free association of states known as the British Commonwealth of Nations. Canada is still a member, also countries like India, Australia, New Zealand, etc. There are 53 other nations in the commonwealth.

Origins of the RCMP (Royal Canadian Mounted Police aka Mounties)

After the Metis uprising of 1869, Prime Minister Macdonald established the North West Mounted Police (NWMP) in 1873 to pacify the West and assist in negotiations with the Indians. Also established places like Fort Calgary, Fort MacLeod, and other towns. Regina became it's headquarters, later became known as the RCMP, the national police force of Canada. Currently, they serve as the provincial police for all provinces except Ontario and Quebec. They enforce federal laws throughout Canada.

Who became the first women MP in 1921?

Agnes Macphail

What to know about each of the provinces:

Alberta -Prairie region -named after Princess Louise Caroline Alberta, daughter of Queen Victoria. -national parks, fossils, and dinosaur finds. -oil and gas + agriculture, cattle ranches/beef British Columbia -West Coast Region -Western most province -4 mil population -Vancouver is gateway to asia -forestry products Manitoba -Prairie region -based on agriculture, mining, and hydro. New Brunswick -Atlantic -Situated on the Appalachian range -the only officially bilingual province - 1/3 French -Forestry, agriculture, fishing, mining, etc. -Saint John is largest city Newfoundland and Labrador -Atlantic -Most easterly point in North America, has its own time zone -Oldest colony of the British empire Nova Scotia -Atlantic -gateway to canada -world's highest tides, canda's largest naval base. -most populous Atlantic province Ontario -Central region -12 million population, 1/3 of Canadians - diverse population -metal producer PEI -Atlantic region -Prince Edward Island -Smallest Province -Known for beaches, red soil, potatoes, farming. -Birthplace of the confederation -One of the longest bridges in the world. Quebec -Central region -8 million population, 3/4 French first language. -lots of resources -main producer of pulp and paper and hydro + aerospace and pharmacuticals -Montreal is the second largest city in Canada Saskatchewan -Prairie region -40% of the arable land in Canada - largest producer of grains and oilseeds -"breadbasket of the world" - "wheat province" -One of places in the world that produce the most agricultural products? -world's deepest deposites of uranium and potash (for fertilizer) -training academy of RCMP is here Northwest Territories -North region -Ruperts Land and NWT -Yellowknife is the diamond capital of N. America 1/2 aboriginal -Mackenzie River is 2nd largest N. American river after the Mississippi Nunavut Territory -North region -means "our land" in Iniktitut -established in 1999, split from NWT + former disctrict of Keewatin -19 member legislative assembly chooses premier and ministers by consensus. -85% Inuit, Inuktitut is an official language and the first language in schools Yukon Territory -North region -Tourism + Mining, 1890's gold rush -neighbors Alaska -Coldest temp in Canada ever (-63 C), Mt Logan highest mountain in Canada

Famous Canadian Inventions

Alexander Graham Bell — telephone Joseph-Armand Bombardier — snowmobile Sir Sandford Fleming — world system of standard time zones. Mathew Evans and Henry Woodward — Invented the first electric light bulb and later sold the patent to Thomas Edison who, more famously, commercialized the light bulb. Reginald Fessenden — contributed to the invention of radio, sending the first wireless voice message in the world. Dr. Wilder Penfield —was a pioneering brain surgeon at McGill University in Montreal, and was known as "the greatest living Canadian." Dr. John A. Hopps — cardiac pacemaker SPAR Aerospace / National Research Council — Canadarm, a robotic arm used in outer space. Mike Lazaridis and Jim Balsillie — of Research in Motion (RIM) — the BlackBerry.

The name of the Leader of the Opposition is...

Andrew Scheer

Sir Guy Carleton (Lord Dorchester)

As a Governor of Quebec, defended the rights of the Canadiens. Defeated an American military invasion of Quebec in 1775 and supervised the Loyalist migration to Nova Scotia and Quebec in 1782-83

Voting in Canada

At the time of Confederation, the vote was limited to property-owning adult white males. Dr. Emily Stowe, the first Canadian woman to practise medicine in Canada, started the women's suffrage movement in Canada. In 1916, Manitoba became the first province to grant voting rights to women. PM Robert Borden in 1917 gave women the right to vote in federal elections. 1st to nurses at the battle front, then to women who were related to men in wartime service. By 1918 most women 21 and over could vote. In 1921 Agnes Macphail became first woman MP (member of parliament). Quebec didn't grant woment the vote until 1940. Thérèse Casgrain was influencial in this

What are the regions of Canada?

Atlantic, Central, North, Prairies and West Coast The Atlantic Region -Newfoundland and Labrador, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick -natural resources: fishing, farming, forestry, mining -cool winters and cool humid summers Central Canada -Quebec, Ontario -More than half of the population of Canada is here + 3/4 of all manufactured goods -cold winters and warm humid summers The Prairie Provinces -Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta -energy resources and fertile farmland -dry, with cold winters and hot summers The West Coast -British Columbia -known for majestic mountains and as Canada's Pacific gateway -Vancouver port = billions of $ of goods traded -temperate climate because of pacific winds The Northern Territories -Nunavut, Northwest Territories, Yukon Territory -1/3 of the land mass but only 100k people. -"The Land of the Midnight Sun" daylight lasts forever -long cold winters, short cool summers -Lots of mines - gold, lead, copper, diamond, zinc, oil, gas -Canadian Rangers are important here

WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE ROYAL ANTHEM OF CANADA? a. O Canada b. God Save the Queen (or King) c. Bud the Spud d. The Star-Spangled Banner

Figuring out the answer is admittedly easy — obviously the Royal Anthem is "God Save the Queen," with "O Canada" being the National Anthem, but what, or who, is "Bud the Spud"? "Bud the Spud" was the creation of the late country singer Stompin' Tom Connors and the opening track from the 1969 album Bud the Spud and Other Favorites. It's about a proud "son of a gun" folk hero that draws the ire of the police for speeding from Prince Edward Island to Toronto and back delivering high quality potatoes. It peaked at #26 on the Country Tracks chart in 1970, but the song has remained a part of the culture through the years.

Phil Edwards

First African-American student-athlete in the history of intercollegiate sports at WVU. Track- triple jump Born in British Guiana, three time Olympian, three time bronze medal, graduated from Medical school, captain in the army during WWII, dr in Montreal.

The early explorers first came to Atlantic Canada because they wanted to:

Fish and trade with first nations people

Identify four (4) rights that Canadians enjoy. Name four (4) fundamental freedoms that Canadians enjoy.

Four rights that Canadians enjoy are Mobility Rights (the right to live and work anywhere they choose, enter and leave the country freely, and apply for a passport), Aboriginal Peoples' Rights (the rights guaranteed in the Charter will not adversely affect any treaty or other rights or freedoms of Aboriginal peoples), Official Language Rights and Minority Language Educational Rights (French and English have equal status in Parliament and throughout the government), and Multiculturalism (a fundamental characteristic of the Canadian heritage and identity in which Canadians celebrate the gift of one another's presence and work had to respect pluralism and live in harmony). Canadians enjoy the following fundamental freedoms: Freedom of conscience and religion; Freedom of thought, belief, opinion and expression, including freedom of speech and of the press; Freedom of peaceful assembly; and Freedom of association

The name of the head of the municipal government (mayor or reeve) is...

Fred Eisenberger

Confederation / Dominion

From 1864 to 1867, representatives of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and the Province of Canada, with British support, worked together to establish a new country. These men are known as the Fathers of Confederation. The old Province of Canada was split into two new provinces: Ontario and Quebec, which, together with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, formed the new country called the Dominion of Canada. Each province would elect its own legislature and have control of such areas as education and health. The British Parliament passed the British North America Act in 1867. The Dominion of Canada was officially born on July 1, 1867. This used to be called Dominion Day, but today it is known as Canada Day.

When you take the Oath of Citizenship, you promise to:

Fulfill the duties of a Canadian, obey the laws, and pledge loyalty to the Queen

The Royal Anthem of Canada

God Save the Queen God Save our gracious Queen!Long live our noble Queen!God save The Queen!Send her victorious,Happy and glorious,Long to reign over us,God save The Queen!

Count Frontenac

Governor of New France, refused to surrender Quebec to the English in 1690, saying: "My only reply will be from the mouths of my cannons!"

Where was the first representative assembly elected?

Halifax, Nova Scotia in 1758 Then PEI in 1773 Then New Brunswick in 1785

The name of the municipality where I live is...

Hamilton

My federal electoral district is called...

Hamilton Mountain

Canada's Economy

Has one of the 10 largest economies in the world, part of the G8 group: 1994 NAFTA w/ US and Mexico. Three types of industries: Service (75% of working Canadians), Manufacturing, Natural resources CAN/US have the biggest bilateral trading relationship in the world. At Blaine in the State of Washington, the Peace Arch, inscribed with the words "children of a common mother" and "brethren dwelling together in unity," symbolizes our close ties and common interests.

WHO IS CANADA'S HEAD OF STATE?

Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II

What does it mean to say that Canada is a constitutional monarchy?

Hereditary monarch rules according to the constitution, the rule of law.

When were territorial rights first guaranteed for aboriginals?

In 1763 by King George III through Royal Proclamation, establishing the basis for negotiating treaties with newcomers - although these were not always fully respected.

When did European exploration of Canada begin, and with who?

In 1497 with the expedition of John Cabot, who was the first to draw a map of Canada's East Coast. Cabot: an Italian immigrant to England, was the first to map Canada's Atlantic shore,setting foot on Newfoundland or Cape Breton Island in 1497 and claiming theNew Founde Land for England.

Hudson Bay Company

In 1670, King Charles II of England granted the Hudson's Bay Company exclusive trading rights over the watershed draining into Hudson Bay. For the next 100 years the Company competed with Montreal-based traders. The skilled and courageous men who travelled by canoe were called voyageurs and coureurs des bois. The Hudson's Bay Company, with French, British and Aboriginal employees, came to dominate the trade in the northwest from Fort Garry (Winnipeg) and Fort Edmonton to Fort Langley (near Vancouver) and Fort Victoria—trading posts that later became cities. The Hudson's Bay Company controlled the northern lands of Canada for how many years? 200!

The Head of Government, the Prime Minister, is...

Justin Trudeau

Canada's First Prime Minister

In 1867, Sir John Alexander Macdonald, a Father of Confederation, became Canada's first Prime Minister. Born in Scotland on January 11, 1815, he came to Upper Canada as a child. a lawyer in Kingston, Ontario, a gifted politician and a colourful personality. Parliament has recognized January 11 as Sir John A. Macdonald Day. His portrait is on the $10 bill.

British French battle over North America

In the 1700s France and Great Britain battled for control of North America. In 1759, the British defeated the French in the Battle of the Plains of Abraham at Québec City — marking the end of France's empire in America. The commanders of both armies, Brigadier James Wolfe and the Marquis de Montcalm, were killed leading their troops in battle.

Commissioner in Canada

In the three territories, the Commissioner represents the federal government and plays a ceremonial role.

What three distinct groups does the term Aboriginal peoples refer to?

Indian/First Nation - -Percentage of aboriginal population: 65% -All aboriginal people who are not Inuit or Metis. In the 1970's, the term First Nations began being used instead. 1/2 live in about 600 communities, 1/2 live off reservation Inuit -Percentage of aboriginal population: 4% -Language: Inuktitut -Means "the people" in the Inuktitut language -live in small, scattered communities across the Arctic. -Posses a knowledge of the land, sea and wildlife that has enabled them to adapt to one of the harshest environments on earth. Metis -Percentage of aboriginal population: 30% -Language: Michif -Distinct people of mixed Aboriginal/European ancestry, majority live in the Prairie provinces. -Speak their own dialect, Michif. Both french and english speaking backgrounds.

Aboriginal definition

Inhabiting or existing in a land from the earliest times or from before the arrival of colonists; indigenous.

Which group of Aboriginal peoples has the largest population living in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut?

Inuit

The St. Lawrence Seaway is important to Canada because:

It is a shipping route to the Great Lakes

How did Canada get it's name?

Jacques Carier heard two captured guides speak Iroquoian word KANARA, meaning village. It stuck

Who were some of the outstanding leaders that build a French Empire in North America from Hudson Bay to the Gulf of Mexico?

Jean Talon, Bishop Laval, and Count Frontenac - New France covered Hudson Bay to the Gulf of Mexico

What does confederation mean?

Joining of provinces to make a new country.

The name of the representative of the Queen of Canada, the Governor General, is...

Julie Payette

Head of State in Canada

Queen Elizabeth II

WHAT DO YOU MARK ON A FEDERAL ELECTION BALLOT? a. The candidate's name b. The number for the candidate c. An "X" d. The voter's name

The answer is C. You mark the "X" next to the name of the candidate you are voting for. Federal elections currently still use paper ballots. It is interesting to note that Canadians are apparently less and less pleased with any of their possible representatives. While there is no such option in federal elections, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta recognize "declined votes," which is when an officer hands a voter a ballot and the voter simply hands it right back. The officer writes "declined" on the ballot and it is put on the record that the elector opted not to vote for anyone. This year, 31,399 Ontario citizens declined their ballots, the highest amount in almost 40 years.

WHICH PROVINCES FIRST FORMED CONFEDERATION? a. Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland b. Ontario, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Alberta c. Ontario, Quebec, Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia d. Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and the Province of Canada

The answer is Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia. On July 1, 1867, three British colonies became four provinces in the new federal dominion of Canada. The United Province of Canada was divided into Ontario and Quebec, forming Confederation with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. Manitoba was next in 1870, followed by British Columbia one year later. Prince Edward Island came next in 1873, once the federal government agreed to operate a ferry link. Alberta and Saskatchewan joined in 1905. Newfoundland was actually last to the party, becoming the tenth province in 1949, and since 2001 has been known as Newfoundland and Labrador.

IN THE 1960s, QUEBEC EXPERIENCED AN ERA OF RAPID CHANGE. WHAT IS THIS CALLED? a. The West Movement b. The Revolution c. The Quiet Revolution d. La Francophonie

The answer is The Quiet Revolution. The deaths of Conservative Premier Maurice Duplesses in September 1959 and his successor Paul Sauvé 112 days later led to Liberal government in Quebec, which oversaw a 1960s increase of secularization of society, and huge economic growth. "La Francophonie" is an international organization founded in 1970 representing 57 countries and regions where French is the first or customary language, with Canada as part of that representation. There is no Canadian event that is officially known as "The West Movement" or simply "The Revolution."

premier

The equivalent of Governor in the US.

Slavery in Canada

The first movement to abolish the transatlantic slave trade emerged in the British Parliament in the late 1700s. In 1793, Upper Canada, led by Lieutenant Governor John Graves Simcoe, a Loyalist military officer, became the first province in the Empire to move toward abolition. In 1807, the British Parliament prohibited the buying and selling of slaves, and in 1833 abolished slavery throughout the Empire. Thousands of slaves escaped from the United States, followed "the North Star" and settled in Canada via the Underground Railroad, a Christian anti-slavery network.

The Governor General

The highest rep of the monarch in the Canadian government. Appointed by the queen. head of State in Canada. Term length: at her majesty's pleasure, usually 5 years In each of the 10 provinces, appoints Lieutenant Governors on advice of the Prime Minister generally for 5 year terms. After an election, the leader of the political party with the most seats in the House is invited by the Governor General to form the government. This leader becomes the Prime Minister.

What is meant by the term "responsible government"?

The ministers of the Crown must have the support of a majority of the elected representatives in order to govern.

What are the details of test itself?

The test is: - in English or French - 30 minutes long, time limit - 20 questions - multiple-choice and true or false questions - based on "Discover Canada" You need to get 15 correct answers to pass the test.

How are Members of Parliament chosen?

They are elected by voters in their local constituency (riding).

When are federal elections held?

Third Monday in October every four years following the most recent general election. Although the PM may ask the Governor General to call and earlier election.

Origins of "Responsible Government"

This is the system that we have today: if the government loses a confidence vote in the assembly it must resign. Sir Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine, a champion of democracy and French language rights, became the first leader of a responsible government in the Canadas. In 1840, after Lord Durham reported back on the rebellions, Upper and Lower Canada were united as the Province of Canada. The first British North American colony to attain full responsible government was Nova Scotia in 1847-48. In 1848-49 the governor of United Canada, Lord Elgin, with encouragement from London, introduced responsible government.

Who can vote in Canada?

Those who are: -Canadian citizen -18 Years old as of voting day -On the Voters list You'll get mailed a voter card that will tell you when and where to vote. You can even register on election day though. Bring voter card and proof of identity and address to the polling station. Mark and X next to the candidate of your choice.

What is the meaning of the Remembrance Day poppy?

To remember the sacrifice of Canadians who have served or died in wars up to the present day.

What is the role of the courts in Canada?

To settle disputes.

What is the capital of Ontario?

Toronto

What is the capital of the province or territory that you live in?

Toronto

What did the Canadian Pacific Railway symbolize?

Unity

Symbols: the Flag

Used to be red with british flag on the top corner (Canadian Red Ensign) In 1965, the current flag was raised. Red and white had been colours of France and England since the Middle Ages and the national colours of Canada since 1921. The red-white-red pattern comes from the flag of the Royal Military College, Kingston, founded in 1876. The Union Jack, (British) is our official Royal Flag.

WHO WAS SIR SAM STEELE? a. A great frontier hero, Mounted Policeman and soldier of the Queen b. A military leader of the Métis in the 19th century c. The first Prime Minister of Canada d. The Father of Manitoba

With a name like Sir Sam Steele, you kind of have to be a great frontier hero. The third officer sworn into the North-West Mounted Police, Steele made the NWMP famous for leading his force in keeping the Klondike Gold Rush under control in the Yukon. He fought in the Red River and North-West Rebellions, the Second Boer War, and was commander of the 2nd Canadian division in World War I at the age of 66. For his troubles, the fifth largest mountain in Canada, Mount Steele, is named after him.

Social improvements

Women suffrage in 1918 and 1940 In 1948, the last of the Asian Canadians, Japanese-Canadians, gained the right to vote. Aboriginals granted the vote in 1960 Today, all citizens over 18 can vote Accepted over 37k refugees escaping soviet tyranny in Hungary in 1956. Accepted over 50k Vietnamese refugees after Vietnam War in 1975 Multicultural. By 1960, a third of Canadians weren't British or French origin

In Canada, are you allowed to question the police about their service or conduct?

Yes

Is Canada the oldest constitutional monarchy in North America?

Yes

Is Canada part of the UN?

Yes, participated in the UN operation defending South Korea in the Korean War (1950-53), with 500 dead and 1,000 wounded

What are the three levels of government?

a. Federal, Provincial and Territorial, Municipal (local).

Who were the founding peoples of Canada?

aboriginals, franch and english

What can you tell me about th Magna Carta?

aka Great Charter of Freedoms Signed in 1215 in England. - Freedom of conscience and religion -Freedom of thought, belief, opinion and expression, including freedom of speech and of the press; -Freedom of peaceful assembly; and -Freedom of association.

Mary Ann Shadd Cary

an outspoken activist in the movement to abolish slavery in the U.S.A. In 1853 she became the first woman publisher in Canada, helping to found and edit The Provincial Freeman, a weekly newspaper dedicated to anti-slavery, black immigration to Canada, temperance (urging people to drink less alcohol), and upholding British rule

What does the word "Inuit" mean?

c. "The people" in the Inuktitut language.

Sir Wilfrid Laurier

first French-Canadian prime minister, face on $5 bill, encouraged immigration to the West

Where did the first European settlers in Canada come from?

france

The Victoria Cross

highest honour available to Canadians and is awarded for the most conspicuous bravery, a daring or pre-eminent act of valour or self-sacrifice, or extreme devotion to duty in the presence of the enemy. has been awarded 96 times since 1854.

"Loyalists"

in 1776, when 13 colonies broke off from the Crown, more than 40k "loyalists" fled the American Revolution to settle in Nova Scotia and Quebec. Joseph Brant led many of them.

What is the name of the remains of the Viking settlement?

l'Anse aux Meadows, is a World Heritage site.

What are the members of legislature called (varies by province?

members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) members of the National Assembly (MNAs) members of the Provincial Parliament (MPPs) members of the House of Assembly (MHAs)

What barbaric gender related cultural practices are severely punished under Canada's criminal laws?

spousal abuse, "honour killings," female genital mutilation, forced marriage or other gender-based violence.

Name two Canadian symbols.

the beaver the maple leave the coat of arms the motto the maple tree national anthem the Canadian horse the horse

Bank of Canada

the central bank of Canada crated in 1934 to manage money supply and stabilize the system

Sir George-Étienne Cartier

the key architect of Confederation from Quebec. A railway lawyer, Montrealer, close ally of Macdonald and patriotic Canadien, Cartier led Quebec into Confederation and helped negotiate the entry of the Northwest Territories, Manitoba and British Columbia into Canada.

Pierre le Moyne Sieur d'Iberville

was a great hero of New France, winning many victories over the English, from James Bay in the north to Nevis in the Caribbean, in the late 17th and early 18th centuries.