CAPM/PMP Certification

Define the key objectives of the Close Project or Phase process.

* Finalize all activities of the project, phase, or contract * Archive all project or phase information * Formally close the project, phase, or contract * Release all organization team resources

What is the difference between a project charter and a business case?

The project charter formally documents the high-level details of a project, and after approval by the sponsor, formally authorizes the project. The business case helps define the objectives, purpose, and assumptions of a project. It's used prior to starting a project to determine if the benefits of achieving the objectives are worth the investment.

What is the difference between the project charter and team charter?

The project charter is the foundational document that authorizes the existence of the project. The team charter defines the team's agreed-upon operating guidelines.

What is the project scope statement?

The project scope statement is a detailed definition of the project and product scope, major deliverables, assumptions, and constraints. The statement clearly defines what is and is not in the project scope.

__________ is the process of obtaining the customer's formal acceptance of completed project deliverables.

Validate Scope The purpose of the Validate Scope process is to obtain the customer's formal acceptance of the completed project deliverables.

Process Groups

A collection of related processes in project management. There are five process groups and 49 project management processes. The five process groups are: Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring and Controlling, and Closing

Which type of analysis identifies the difference between planned performance and actual performance?

Variance analysis Variance analysis is a key tool and technique used during the Monitor and Control Project Work process to determine the condition of the project.

How does variance analysis work and what type of actions could it facilitate?

Variance analysis compares the baseline to the actual results. If the variance exceeds a threshold, then corrective or preventative action may be developed. If the actions impact the baseline, then a change request will be generated.

Does a weak-matrix or strong-matrix organizational structure offer project managers less access/control of resources?

Weak-matrix A weak-matrix organizational structure is closer to a projectized structure. Therefore, the project manager has less authority to control resources.

In which conflict resolution technique does the project manager retreat from the conflict?

Withdraw/Avoid This technique may cause an issue to worsen if the issue is not rectified.

Which document visually translates the project deliverables into small manageable components?

Work breakdown structure (WBS)

What are the raw observations / measurements produced as an output of the Direct and Manage Project Work process?

Work performance data Work performance data are passed onto the processes in the Monitor and Control Process Group for analysis. Through analysis, the data are converted into work performance information.

Which document, produced as a key output of the Monitor and Control Project Work process, summarizes project performance and forecasts?

Work performance reports Work performance reports summarize work performance information concisely and are critical to keep stakeholders aware 4of the project's progress and to generate decisions or action.

At the completion of a project, what will the SV value be?

Zero The schedule variance will always be zero at the end of the project because all of the work planned is completed.

A project ____________ meeting is a common practice to clearly communicate project objectives and build team and stakeholder buy-in.

A project KICK-OFF meeting

What is the definition of a project charter?

A project charter formally documents the high-level details of a project as well as several key elements that structure and organize the formation of a project.

Define a work package

A work package is the lowest level of the WBS. It is the smallest amount of work for which cost and duration can be estimated and managed.

Throughout the Resource Estimating process, various options must be evaluated to determine the optimal resource solution given the project's constraints. Which data analysis technique does this describe?

Alternative analysis

If negotiations are unable to rectify contractual issues, what method should be leveraged?

Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) Negotiations are the optimal method to handle conflict. If issues cannot be resolved, the project manager must follow the ADR defined in the contract.

List the following processes in the order in which they should be completed: * Create WBS * Collect Requirements * Plan Scope Management * Define Scope

Although iterative, the general order is as follows: 1) Plan Scope Management 2) Collect Requirements 3) Define Scope 4) Create WBS

What is the definition of an activity?

An activity is a distinct, scheduled portion of work to be performed.

What is the definition of an affinity diagram?

An affinity diagram classifies requirements into distinct groups for review and analysis.

What is the goal of the Control Resources process?

Right resources, right place, right time The goal of the Control Resources process is to ensure that the right resources are available at the right place and time and in the right quantity.

What is the name of the individual responsible for ensuring the risk response plans for a specific risk are fully implemented?

Risk Owner

Which document is created during the Identify Risks process to record specific details on every individual project risk?

Risk Register The risk register is a key output of the Identify Risk process

What is the potential downside of using the smooth/accommodate conflict resolution technique?

Risk of the issue not being adequately addressed Smooth/accommodate involves emphasizing agreement while ignoring/conceding differences in hopes of maintaining harmony.

When a quality issue is identified, which type of data analysis technique is often leveraged to investigate the cause?

Root cause analysis Root cause analysis aims to identify the core problem driving an issue so that it can be eliminated.

The __________ is the approved version of the schedule model used to evaluate actual vs. planned progress throughout the project.

Schedule baseline

By which standard is the actual schedule performance evaluated during the Control Schedule process?

Schedule baseline The schedule baseline is the standard by which schedule process is evaluated during the Control Schedule process.

How do schedule variance (SV) and schedule performance (SPI) differ when analyzing a project's schedule performance?

Schedule variance defines the amount a project is ahead/behind the schedule baseline. Schedule performance defines how efficiently the team is completing the work.

What is the major output created by the four scope management processes in the Planning Process Group?

Scope baseline

A well-defined scope statement creates clear boundaries, reducing __________.

Scope creep

What is scope creep?

Scope creep is the expansion of project work beyond the project boundaries. Uncontrolled changes or continuous growth in a project's scope. This phenomenon can occur when the scope of a project is not properly defined, documented, or controlled. It is generally considered a negative occurrence, to be avoided.

What is the term for a potential list of sellers within a competitive range?

Select sellers

The __________ process aims to organize the activities into a schedule network diagram that graphically shows the order in which work will be completed.

Sequence Activities

Planned value (PV) defines the value of work that _________ done.

Should be Planned value (PV) defines the value of the work that should be done. This creates the standard by which progress will be measured.

What is project management?

The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements.

what is the assumption log and in which process is it created?

The assumption log is used to record all assumptions and constraints known at any point during the project. The assumption log is one of the two major outputs of the Develop Project Charter process.

Which type of reserve accounts for identified risks?

The contingency reserve accounts for identified risks. In comparison, the management reserve accounts for unplanned work.

What is the purpose of the final report and what does it contain?

The final report summarizes the project performance elements such as benefit, cost, quality, schedule, etc. The project manager should follow the communications plan to ensure proper dissemination is achieved. The final report is normally delivered to the project sponsor and all stakeholders.

What is the purpose of the Control Quality process?

The goal of the Control Quality process is to ensure project outputs are complete, correct, and satisfactory to customers by monitoring and recording quality results.

What is the key objective of the three resource management processes in the Executing Process Group?

The key objective of the resource management processes is to obtain, develop, and manage a team, resources, and procurements to complete all project work.

What are the three key outputs produced by the Define Activities process?

1) Activity list, 2) Activity attributes, 3) Milestone list

When preparing to create the project charter, what four things will you need?

1) Business case documents, 2) Agreements, 3) Enterprise environmental factors, and 4) Organizational process assets

Name the two processes in the Initiating Process Group

1) Develop Project Charter and 2) Identify Stakeholders

Creating the Project Charter - what four tools can the project management team use to create the charter?

1) Expert judgment; 2) Data gathering: There are three specific types of data gathering: Brainstorming, Focus Groups, & Interviews; 3) Interpersonal and team skills: Conflict management, Facilitation techniques, & Meeting management; 4) Meetings

Which three outputs must be completed before a project is properly closed?

1) Final product, service, or results officially transferred to the customer 2) Project documents updated and marked as final 3) Final report created

In order, name the five states of the Tuckman ladder, which is used to evaluate team development.

1) Forming 2) Storming 3) Norming 4) Performing 5) Adjourning

What are four ways in which the team achieves the goal of ensuring each stakeholder's communication needs are met?

1) Monitoring the actual communications delivered by the Manage Communications process 2) Evaluating the effectiveness of communications 3) Understanding changes in stakeholder needs 4) Triggering changes to the communications plan

List the following processes in the order in which they should be completed: * Identify Risks * Plan Risk Management * Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis * Plan Risk Responses * Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis

1) Plan Risk Management 2) Identify Risks 3) Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis 4) Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis 5) Plan Risk Responses

List the following processes in the order in which they should be completed: * Plan Risk Management * Plan Risk Responses * Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis * Identify Risks * Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis

1) Plan Risk Management 2) Identify Risks 3) Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis 4) Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis 5) Plan Risk Responses

List the following processes in the order in which they should be completed. * Define Activities * Plan Schedule Management * Sequence Activities * Develop Schedule * Estimate Activity Durations

1) Plan Schedule Management 2) Define Activities 3) Sequence Activities 4) Estimate Activity Durations 5) Develop Schedule

What are the two key outputs of the Identify Risks process?

1) Risk Register 2) Risk Report

Three documents comprise the scope baseline:

1) Scope baseline 2) Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) 3) WBS dictionary

Name the five conflict resolution techniques defined in the Manage Team process.

1) Withdraw/avoid 2) Smooth/accommodate 3) Compromise/reconcile 4) Force/direct 5) Collaborate/problem solve

In Deming's PDCA cycle, adapted by the American Society for Quality (ASQ), the end of one process launches the start of another.

1. Plan - Plan improvements for present practices. 2. Do - Implement the plan on a small scale. 3. Check - Verify the results of the plan. 4. Act - Corrective action on the opportunity, standardize, and feed forward to the next plan.

Project success measures define in clear terms the criteria by which project success will be evaluated. What three questions do detailed and well-constructed project success measures answer?

1. What does success look like? 2. How will success be measured? 3. What factors may impact success?

What is the definition of a requirement?

A requirement is a condition/capability that must be present in the finished product to satisfy a business need.

Linda is the project manager of a construction project. the budget for her project is $275,000. The project team made a mistake early in the project that cost $34,000 in added materials. Linda does not believe mistakes will likely happen again because the team is 30 percent complete with the project and things are once again going smoothly. Her sponsor wants to know how much more funding Linda will likely need on the project. What should Linda tell the sponsor? A) $192,500 B) $241,000 C) $309,000 D) $275,000

A) $192,500 The formula for this instance, because the conditions experienced were atypical, is ETC = BAC ($275,000) - EV ($82,500).

You are the project manager for your organization, and the following illustration represents your project. Based on the following illustration. How long will the project last? A) 15 days B) 12 days C) 14 days D) 41 days

A) 15 days The path ACFG is the critical path that will take 15 days to complete.

You are the project manager of the BHY Project. Your project customer has demanded that the project be completed by December 1. December 1 is an example of which one of the following? A) A constraint B) An assumption C) A project boundary D) Product acceptance criteria

A) A constraint

There are some risks that you can do little about. In your most recent project, for example, a tornado has wrecked your construction project. The tornado is known as what? A) A force majeure B) A risk transference C) Direct costs D) An unknown unknown

A) A force majeure Force majeure, sometimes called "an act of God," is a natural disaster that can wreck a project.

You are the project manager for your organization. Management has asked you to create a stakeholder classification model to show the amount of authority stakeholders have over project decisions in relation to how much their political capital and position in the company could affect the project. What type of stakeholder classification should you create? A) A power/influence grid B) A RAM matrix C) An influence/impact grid D) A RACI chart

A) A power/influence grid Management is asking you to create a power/influence grid. Evaluating the amount of power and influence a stakeholder has over the project will determine where the stakeholder is placed on the grid. Stakeholders with high power and high influence are top priority. Stakeholders with little power and influence are still considered, but they have less priority than other stakeholders in the project.

You and the project team have created the work breakdown structure based on the project scope and requirements. Your next step is to create the project's activity list. Which one of the following will not be included in the activity list created with the project management team? A) Activities that are not part of the project scope B) Quality control activities C) Activities to create the work packages D) Physical terms, such as linear feet of pipe to be installed

A) Activities that are not part of the project scope

You are the project manager for the 89A Project. You have created a contract for your customer. The contract must have what two things? A) An offer and consideration B) Signatures and the stamp of a notary public C) Value and worth of the procured item D) Start date and acceptance of start date

A) An offer and consideration

You are the project manager of the PJG Project for your company. This project is similar to a project you completed a few months ago, and you'd like to reference the older project for information. Which estimating technique uses a similar project to predict how long the current project will take to complete? A) Analogous estimating B) Parametric estimating C) Organizational process assets D) Bottom-up estimating

A) Analogous estimating Analogous estimating uses an analogy between similar projects to determine the current project's duration.

You are the project manager for a large construction project. The architect has provided your project team with blueprints detailing the exact layout of the building your team will be creating. He insists that the team follow the blueprints as he's designed them. The blueprints are an example of which one of the following? A) Project specifications B) Approval requirements C) Project constraints D) Initially defined risks

A) Blueprints are an example of project specifications

Which of the following is a method of eliciting information from groups or individuals, such as team members or subject matter experts? A) Brainstorming B) Data analysis C) Bidder conference D) EEF

A) Brainstorming

You are the project manager of the Global Upgrade Project. Your project team consists of 75 project team members around the world. Each team member will be upgrading a piece of equipment in many different facilities. Which of the following could you implement to ensure that project team members are completing all of the steps in the install procedure with quality? A) Checklists B) Work breakdown structure (WBS) C) Project network diagram (PND) D) The WBS dictionary

A) Checklists Checklists are simple but effective quality management tools that the project manager can use to ensure that the project team is completing the required work.

You are the project manager for your organization and you're creating the WBS for a new project. In your WBS, you're numbering each level of the components following a project sequenced numbering order. Your WBS is numbered in a hierarchical fashion for easy identification and reference. This numbering scheme is called what? A) Code of accounts B) Chart of accounts C) WBS template D) WBS dictionary

A) Code of accounts The WBS numbering scheme is called the code of accounts.

You are the project manager of the Holson Implementation Project for your company. It's come to your attention that three of your project team members are in a disagreement about the direction the project work should take. This disagreement is stalling the project schedule and causing the other project team members to become uncomfortable. You need to resolve this situation quickly and professionally. Which problem-solving technique is the best for most project management situations? A) Collaborating/problem-solving B) Compromising C) Forcing D) Avoiding

A) Collaborating/problem-solving

You are a construction manager for a construction project. The project will be using a new material that the project team has never worked with before. You allot $10,000 to train the project team on the new material so that the project will operate smoothly. The $10,000 for training is known as what? A) Cost of quality B) Cost of poor quality C) Sunk costs D) Contingency allowance

A) Cost of quality Training for the project team is known as the cost of quality.

Of the four data analysis techniques used in the Close Project or Phase process, which technique is focused on identifying lessons learned and knowledge sharing opportunities to help improve future projects? A) Document analysis B) Regression analysis C) Trend Analysis D) Variance Analysis

A) Document analysis Document analysis is a technique that helps identify lessons learned for future projects.

What are the five alternative risk strategies that must be considered when planning for threats? A) Escalate, avoid, transfer, mitigate, accept B) Escalate, avoid, expedite, mitigate, accept C) Escalate, exploit, share, enhance, accept D) Escalate, exploit, transfer, enhance, accept

A) Escalate, avoid, transfer, mitigate, accept

The Control Procurements process focuses on all of the following, except: A) Establishing contracts with buyers B) Ensuring that both parties meet contractual obligations C) Confirming that the appropriate buyer parties approve deliverables D) Resolving all conflicts in a positive manner

A) Establishing contracts with buyers The Control Procurements process evaluates contract progress and results and manages the procurement relationship to improve the likelihood of project success. The establishment of contracts is accomplished in the Conduct Procurements process.

You are the project manager of a construction project scheduled to last 24 months. You have elected to rent a piece of equipment for the project's duration, even though you will need the equipment only periodically throughout the project. The costs of the equipment rental per month are $890. This is an example of which of the following A) Fixed costs B) Parametric costs C) Variable costs D) Indirect costs

A) Fixed costs This is an example of a fixed cost. The cost of the equipment will remain uniform, or fixed, throughout the duration of the project.

You are a project manager in a projectized organization. your job as a project manager can be described best by which of the following? A) Full-time B) Part-time C) Expeditor D) Coordinator

A) Full-time Project managers are typically assigned to a project on a full-time basis in a projectized organization.

What percentage of a message is sent through nonverbal communications, such as facial expressions, hand gestures, and body language? A) Greater than 50 percent B) 30 to 40 percent C) 20 to 30 percent D) 10 to 20 percent

A) Greater than 50 percent

Your project team agrees that the server operating system must first be installed before the application can be installed. This best describes which one of the following? A) Hard logic B) Soft logic C) Start-to-start relationship D) Finish-to-finish relationship

A) Hard logic Logic that describes activities that must happen in a particular order. For example, the site must be excavated before the foundation can be built. The foundation must be in place before the framing can begin. Also known as a mandatory dependency.

You've reached the end of your project, and management has asked you and several key stakeholders to begin the scope validation process. What is a tool and technique used during scope validation? A) Inspection B) Quality control C) Stakeholder analysis D) Defect repair review

A) Inspection Inspection is a tool and technique used during scope validation. You might also use group decision-making techniques as part of the validation scope process.

What type of communication is happening in a meeting with several stakeholders exchanging ideas? A) Interactive B) Push-pull C) Conferring D) Cooperative

A) Interactive

Juan is the project manager for his organization and he's asked Beth, a project team member, to help him create a fishbone diagram. Beth doesn't know what this is and asks for your help. A fishbone diagram is the same as a(n) __________ diagram. A) Ishikawa B) Pareto C) Flow D) Control

A) Ishikawa

Which document is most likely used to record problems and concerns with project communications efforts? A) Issue log B) Assumption Log C) Stakeholder register D) Communications management plan

A) Issue Log Problems and concerns with stakeholder communications would be recorded on the issues log. The issue log is both an input and output of the Manage Stakeholder Engagement process. This document is constantly updated through the project.

Amy is the project manager for her company and she's working with the project team to determine the effect of a proposed change on the project's budget. When Amy looks at the change, she tells the team that the change will pass through the project's cost change control system. What does the cost control system do? A) It defines the methods to approve a change to the cost baseline. B) It defines the methods to create the cost baseline. C) It evaluates changes to the project costs based on changes to the project scope. D) This is not a valid change control system.

A) It defines the methods to approve a change to the cost baseline.

Jason is the project manager for his organization and he's working with his project team to identify and analyze project risks. Jason begins to create a risk register as part of this process, but his team doesn't understand what a risk register is or its purpose. Which one of the following best describes the risk register? A) It documents all of the outcomes of the other risk management processes. B) It's a document that contains the initial risk identification entries. C) It's a system that tracks all negative risks within a project. D) It's part of the project's project management information system (PMIS) for integrated change control.

A) It documents all of the outcomes of the other risk management processes.

You are the project manager for the JHG Project. This project requires coordination with the director of manufacturing, HR, the IT department, and the CIO. The director of manufacturing wants to ensure that materials are delivered to the job site only as they are needed because of space limitations. What approach to resource management is this? A) Just-in-time manufacturing B) Kaizen C) Total productive maintenance D) Human resource coordination

A) Just-in-time manufacturing With just-in-time manufacturing, resources are in place only as they are needed. This approach reduces waste, keeps inventory at a minimum, and helps the project manager forecast resource utilization more accurately.

Which of the following documents are not provided to potential contractors? A) Source selection criteria B) Request for proposal C) Procurement statement of work

A) Source selection criteria The source selection criteria provide the internal logic by which contractors will be selected. This must not be distributed to the bidding contractors.

You are the project manager for the JHG Project. This project requires coordination with the director of manufacturing. HR, the IT department, and the CIO. The director of manufacturing wants to ensure that materials are delivered to the job site only as they are needed because of space limitations. What approach to resource management is this? A) Just-in-time manufacturing B) Kaizen C) Total productive maintenance D) Human resource coordination

A) Just-in-time manufacturing With just-in-time manufacturing, resources are in place only as they are needed. This approach reduces waste, keeps inventory at a minimum, and helps the project manager forecast resource utilization more accurately.

You are presenting your project performance to your key stakeholders. Several of the stakeholders are receiving phone calls during your presentation, and this is distracting people from your message. This is an example of what? A) Noise B) Negative feedback C) Outside communications D) Message distracter

A) Noise

You are the project manager of the PLN Project. You are using a RACI chart to organize roles and responsibilities for project assignments. In a RACI chart, what is the maximum number of people that can be accountable for an assignment? A) One B) Two C) Two, if one of the two people is also responsible D) As many people that are on the project team

A) One In a RACI chart, which stands for Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, and Informed, only one person is accountable.

In the accompanying illustration, what does the circled area represent? A) Out-of control data points B) In-control data points C) The Rule of Seven D) Standard deviation

A) Out-of control data points

For your PMI examination you'll need to know many terms that deal with project communication. Of the following, which term describes the pitch and tone of an individual's voice? A) Paralingual B) Feedback C) Effective listening D) Active listening

A) Paralingual

You can purchase pea gravel for your project at $437 per metric ton. You need four tons of the pea gravel, so you predict your costs will be $1,748. This is an example of which cost-estimating approach? A) Parametric B) Analogous C) Bottom-up D) Top-down

A) Parametric

Which of the following estimating techniques uses a statistical or numerical relationship to calculate activity durations? A) Parametric estimating B) Analogous estimating C) Bottom-up estimating D) Three-point estimating

A) Parametric estimating

Complete this sentence: Project scope management is primarily concerned with defining and controlling _____________. A) What is and is not included in the project B) What is and is not included in the product C) Changes to the project scope D) Changes to the configuration management system

A) Project scope management is primarily concerned with defining and controlling what is and is not included in the project.

You are the project manager of a large construction project. You have created a web site that enables the different functional managers to log in to a secured area, run queries, and generate reports on the time, cost, scope, changes, risks, and human resources aspects of your project. What type of communication is this? A) Pull B) Push C) Conferring D) Static

A) Pull This is an example of pull communication because the functional managers are retrieving information from your web server.

You are the project manager for the BBB Project. Stacy, a project team member, is confused about what QA is. Which of the following best describes QA? A) QA is quality assurance for the overall project performance. B) QA is quality acceptance according to scope verification. C) QA is quality assurance for the project deliverables. D) QA is quality assurance for the project stakeholders.

A) QA is quality assurance for the overall project performance.

You are the project manager for the ASE Project, which must map to industry standards in order to be accepted by the customer. You and your team have studied the requirements and have created a plan to implement the deliverables with the appropriate level of quality. What is this process called? A) Quality planning B) Quality management C) Quality control D) Quality assurance

A) Quality planning Quality planning is the process of creating a plan to meet the requirements of quality.

You are the project manager for the recently initiated Floor Installation Project. Today you plan to meet with your project to discuss the fact that the project must be executed with no deviations from the project requirements. This process is which of the following? A) Quality planning B) Quality management C) Quality control D) Quality assurance

A) Quality planning Quality planning should be completed prior to the work beginning - and should be revisited thereafter as needed.

You are the project manager of the LKH Project. This project must be completed within six months. The project is two months into the schedule and is starting to slip. As of now, the project is one week behind schedule. Based on your findings, you believe that you can make some corrective actions and recover the lost time over the next month to get the project back on schedule. Management, however, requires weekly status reports on cost and schedule. What should you do? A) Report that the project is one week behind schedule but will finish on scheduled based on cited corrective actions. B) Report that the project is on schedule and will finish on schedule. C) Report that the project is off schedule by a few days but will finish on schedule. D) Report that the project is running late.

A) Report that the project is one week behind schedule but will finish on scheduled based on cited corrective actions.

You are a project management consultant for your company and you're meeting the stakeholders for the first time. Mary, a stakeholder, tells you that she hates the project and she hopes that it fails miserably. What type of stakeholder is Mary? A) Resistant B) Unhappy C) Honest D) Defiant

A) Resistant

Power, urgency, and legitimacy are attributes of which stakeholder classification model. A) Salience B) Influence-impact C) Power-interest D) Power-influence

A) Salience

Mary has created an activity list with her project team. She has included activity attributes for each of the activities in her project activity list. Of the following, which one is not an example of an activity attribute that Mary likely included: A) Scope validation B) Predecessor activities C) Leads and lags D) Geographic area where the work must take place

A) Scope validation

You are the project manager of the Network Upgrade Project for your company. Management has asked that you create a cost estimate of the project so they can determine the project funding. You gather inputs for the cost estimate and begin the process of cost estimating. Of the following cost-estimating inputs, which one is the least reliable A) Team member recollections B) Historical information C) Project files D) Cost-estimating templates

A) Team member recollections

The PMI has contacted you regarding an ethics violation of a PMP candidate. The question is in regard to a friend who said he worked as a project manager under your guidance. You know this is not true, but to save the friendship, you avoid talking with the PMI. This is a violation of what? A) The Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct to cooperate on ethics violations investigations B) The Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct to report accurate information C) The Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct to report any PMP violations D) The law concerning ethical practices

A) The Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct to cooperate on ethics violations investigations By avoiding the conversation with PMI in regard to your friend's ethics violation, you are, yourself, violating the Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct to cooperate with the PMI.

Which schedule development tool does not consider the availability of the project resources, only when the work may take place in the project? A) The critical path method B) The critical chain method C) Schedule compression D) Arrow on the node method

A) The critical path method

As the project manager, you are averse to change once the scope statement has been approved. You do not want changes to enter the project because these changes can have a wide impact on the project as a whole. Which process defines how the project scope can be changed? A) The integrated change control process B) The project integrated management system C) The project management information system D) Change control

A) The integrated change control process The only process that defines how project can be changed is the integrated change control process.

A memo has been sent to you, the project manager, the project team members, and the project customers from the project sponsor. In this instance, who is the sender? A) The project sponsor B) The project manager C) The project team members D) The project customers

A) The project sponsor The project sponsor is the source of the memo, since he is the sender of the message.

You are the project manager for your company and you're working with the project team to develop the project's communications management plan. The project team is confused about some of the communication terms. Basically, they want to know how communication actually happens and how you can prove the communication was effective. Which one of the following means that communication has occured? A) The transfer of knowledge B) The outputting of knowledge C) The presence of knowledge D) The transmission of knowledge

A) The transfer of knowledge

You are a project manager consultant for the Allen T1 Company and you're helping them create a risk management plan for their project management office. You're explaining the concept of risk tolerance and how it affects the risk management policies. An organization's risk tolerance is also known as what? A) The utility function B) Herzberg's Theory of Motivation C) Risk acceptance D) The risk-reward ratio

A) The utility function The utility function describes an organization's willingness to tolerate risk.

You are the project manager of the GHK Project. You and the manufacturer have agreed to substitute the type of plastic used in the product to a slightly thicker grade should there be more than 7 percent error in production. The thicker plastic will cost more and will require the production to slow down, but the errors should diminish. This is an example of which of the following? A) Threshold B) Tracking C) Budgeting D) JIT manufacturing

A) Threshold An error value of 7 percent represents the threshold the project is allowed to operate under. Should the number of errors increase beyond 7 percent, the current plastic will be substituted.

Terry is the project manager of the ARB project for his company. Terry approaches Scott for his insight about the schedule for releasing the product the project will create. Scott doesn't know anything about the project Terry is working on and is surprised to learn about the product. What type of stakeholder is Scott? A) Unaware B) Uninformed C) Neutral D) Sensitive

A) Unaware

Which of the following is not produced during the Monitoring and Controlling Process Group? A) Work performance data B) Work performance information C) Work performance reports D) Schedule and cost forecasts

A) Work performance data Work performance data are produced during the Executing Process Group by the Direct and Manage Project Work process. The data are a valuable input to the processes in the Monitoring and Controlling Process Group.

Keisha is the project manager for her organization and she's working with her project team to develop the project management plan for a new project. The project team is confused about the change management plan and how it governs changes within the project. The project plan provides what in regard to project changes? A. A methodology to approve or decline changes B. A guide to all future projects risk management decisions C. A vision of the project deliverables D. A fluid document that may be updated as needed based on the CCB

A. A methodology to approve or decline changes

If you established a contingency reserve including time, money, and resources, how are you handling risk? A. Accepting B. Transferring C. Avoiding D. Mitigating

A. Accepting

You know that leadership and project management are not the same thing, but they are connected. Leaders and managers rely on communications within a project to help motivate, manage, and ensure that the project is moving forward toward its objectives. In communicating, the receiver restates what the sender has said to clarify the message and to enable the sender to offer more clarity if needed. What is this communication component called? A. Active listening B. Sender-receiver model C. Communications planning D. Leader listening

A. Active listening Active listening is the participatory component of a conversation that confirms what was said and enables the sender to offer clarity, if needed.

Which factors should be considered for cross-cultural communication? A. Background, personality, and communications management plan B. Personality, background, and escalation process C. Sponsor relationship, personality, and background D. Current emotional state, personality, and background

A. Background, personality, and communications management plan

You are a project manager acting in a functional organization. The functional manager and you disagree about several deliverables the project will be creating. The functional manager insists that you begin the project work now. What must you do? A. Begin work B. Resolve all issues with the functional manager before you begin working C. Continue planning because you are the project manager D. Begin work if the issues don't affect the project deliverables

A. Begin work Because you are working within a functional organization, you have little to no power, and the functional manager has all the power. You must obey the functional manager and get to work.

Any numbering system that is used to monitor project costs by category such as labor, supplies, or materials, for example, is called: A. Chart of accounts B. Work breakdown structure C. Universal accounting standard D. Standard accounting practices

A. Chart of accounts

You are the project manager for a pharmaceutical company. You are currently working on a project for a new drug your company is creating. A recent change in a law governing drug testing will impact your project and change your project scope. What is the first thing you should do as a project manager? A. Create a documented change request. B. Proceed as planned since the project will be grandfathered beyond the new change in law. C. Consult with the project stakeholders. D. Stop all project work until the issue is resolved.

A. Create a documented change request. Change requests should first be documented in the project's change control system.

Select three processes that are associated with Project Schedule Management? (Choose three.) A. Define Activities B. Plan Resource Management C. Estimate Activity Durations D. Develop Schedule E. Acquire Resources

A. Define Activities C. Estimate Activity Durations D. Develop Schedule

You are the project manager of a project. The project team is experiencing some trouble with a new material that the project will utilize. You gather the team to lead an active problem-solving session. Which one of the following is the best definition of active problem-solving? A. Define the problem and the desired solution B. Discern the cause and the effect of the problem C. Document the problem and its characteristics to see the whole effect D. Test the materials to identify the solution

A. Define the problem and the desired solution Active problem-solving begins with problem definition. Problem definition is the ability to discern between the cause and effect of the problem. Root-cause analysis looks beyond the immediate symptoms to the cause of the symptoms - which then affords opportunities for solutions.

You are working with your project team and stakeholders to plan the project work. Some of the resources are in Chicago and other resources are in London, UK. The distribution of resources, such as in your project, are also known as what? A. Enterprise environmental factors B. Organizational process assets C. Virtual team D. Constraints

A. Enterprise environmental factors The distribution of resources is an enterprise environmental factor. The location of the resources can affect how the project operates and communicates with resources and stakeholders.

Project managers need interpersonal skills, such as likeability, to help get the project work done. The project manager needs interpersonal skills to be effective in any organization and project. Which one of the following is not an example of interpersonal skills? A. Financial management and accounting B. Influencing the organization C. Motivating people D. Problem solving

A. Financial management and accounting

While management is about getting things done, leadership is said to be about motivating people. You know that leadership is a desirable trait for a project manager and is heavily referenced throughout the PMBOK Guide. Which one of the following characteristics is not an attribute of leadership? A. Fiscal responsibility B. Respect for other C. Problem-solving ability D. Desire to learn and improve

A. Fiscal responsibility Fiscal responsibility is an example of a management skill. Fiscal responsibility is also a desirable trait for project managers, but it's a management skill rather than a leadership skill.

You are the project manager for your department. As a project manager, you will have to use some positional power to keep the project moving forward. You'll also need to develop leadership skills to align, motivate, and inspire people. Of the following choices, which one is most likely associated with management skills? A. Focus on the next project achievements B. Build relationships C. Support the project team D. Challenge status quo

A. Focus on the next project achievements

Which is an example of leveraging evolving trends and emerging practices in Project Integration Management? A. Hybrid methodologies B. Risk register updates C. Outsourced project resources D. Reliance on lessons learned documents

A. Hybrid methodologies

Which key benefit can a project manager obtain by identifying stakeholders? A. Identify the appropriate focus for engagement of each stakeholder B. Assess the risk exposure for each stakeholder C. Map stakeholder power and influence grid D. Identify the appropriate channels of communication with all stakeholders

A. Identify the appropriate focus for engagement of each stakeholder

How should a project manager plan communications for a project which has uncertain requirements? A. Include stakeholders in project meetings and reviews, use frequent checkpoints, and co-locate team members only. B. Invite customers to sprint planning and retrospective meetings, update the team quickly and on a daily basis, and use official communication channels. C. Adopt social networking to engage stakeholders, issue frequent and short messages, and use informal communication channels. D. Adopt a strong change control board process, establish focal points for main subjects, and promote formal and transparent communication.

A. Include stakeholders in project meetings and reviews, use frequent checkpoints, and co-locate team members only.

Which is the main benefit of managing and tailoring strategies in the Stakeholder Engagement process? A. Increased support and minimized resistance from stakeholders B. Increased performance of the project team C. Maintenance of stakeholder satisfaction because costs and scope are under control D. Updated project documents, as requested by stakeholders

A. Increased support and minimized resistance from stakeholders

Jane is a senior project manager in your company. Wally is a new project manager who is working toward his CAPM certification. Jane decides that Wally would be a good candidate to manage a subproject in the organization. Brenda, the project sponsor, isn't certain what Jane means by a subproject. What is a subproject? A. It is a smaller project that supports a parent project B. It is a project that is performing below expectations C. It is a project that has been experiencing project spin-off D. It is the delegation of a project phase

A. It is a smaller project that supports a parent project

Which document can help a project manager to leverage historical project information? A. Lessons learned register B. Schedule baseline C. Work performance data D. Deliverable acceptance forms

A. Lessons learned register

You are managing a project that is in process. A large and unexpected problem occurs that will cause a delay in the schedule in excess of the contingency schedule for the project. What should you do? A. Look at other tasks in the schedule and see which ones should be reduced to allow time for this problem to be worked B. Reduce testing on the completed tasks C. Require mandatory overtime for the project team D. Speak to the stakeholders about getting additional time and budget for the project

A. Look at other tasks in the schedule and see which ones should be reduced to allow time for this problem to be worked

What are the project management processes associated with project quality management? A. Plan Quality Management, Manage Quality, and Control Quality B. Plan Quality Management, Manage Quality, and Cost of Quality C. Manage Quality, Customer Satisfaction, and Control Quality D. Customer Satisfaction, Control Quality, and Continuous Improvement

A. Plan Quality Management, Manage Quality, and Control Quality

You are the project manager for your organization. In your current project, you're coaching Mary on the project management knowledge areas. Mary has questions about project integration management at the process level. Which one of the following is the best example of project integration management at the process level? A. Poor quality management planning will likely affect the quality of the project deliverable. B. A robust communication management plan is dependent on the number of stakeholders involved in the project. C. Larger projects require more detail than smaller projects D. Planning is an iterative activity that will happen throughout the project.

A. Poor quality management planning will likely affect the quality of the project deliverable. Project integration management at the process level means that what you do in one process can have a direct effect on other processes. Poor quality management planning will likely affect the quality of the deliverables is a true statement linked to project integration management.

A company must implement sales software because it is opening a new branch in a foreign market. Although this software is used in every domestic branch, multiple changes are expected during the implementation because it is a foreign location. Which type of life cycle would the project manager use in this case? A. Predictive life cycle B. Waterfall life cycle C. Hybrid life cycle D. Product life cycle

A. Predictive life cycle

How can a project manager evaluate project team development? A. Produce team performance assessments B. Hold weekly meetings to engage every member C. Complete a personal skill assessment on each team member D. Provide recognition awards to team members

A. Produce team performance assessments

Which project management document can be utilized for a go/no-go decision in a project? A. Project business case B. Project charter C. Project benefits management plan D. Project management plan

A. Project business case This is the best choice because the project business case is created before the project is launched and helps management and key stakeholders make a go/no-go decision based on the financial aspects, return on investment, and other factors for the project.

You are the project manager for your organization and you're working with the project team to explain the approach of the project life cycle and how you'll be managing proposed changes to the project scope. Your company is a project-oriented company; who will make decisions on change control? A. Project manager B. Project team C. Functional manager D. PMO

A. Project manager In a project-oriented environment, the project manager has high to almost total control over the project decisions.

Which statement about identification and engagement of stakeholders during a project is correct? A. Project stakeholders should be identified and engaged in every phase of the project to influence the success of the project directly. B. Project stakeholders should be identified and engaged once the prototype is completed to provide their feedback but refrain from making inputs during the project. C. Project stakeholders should be identified when the project charter is being completed and engaged during requirements gathering. D. Project stakeholders should be identified and engaged during requirements elicitation but not during the Define Scope process

A. Project stakeholders should be identified and engaged in every phase of the project to influence the success of the project directly.

Ben is a new employee in your organization and he's been assigned to your project team. Ben doesn't understand why he is on your project team because he thinks everything is part of the organization's day-to-day operations. Which of the following is likely to be part of an operation? A. Providing electricity to a community B. Designing an electrical grid for a new community C. Building a new dam as a source of electricity D. Informing the public about changes at the electrical company

A. Providing electricity to a community This is the best example of operations because it is an ongoing activity.

You are the project manager for a project that has high visibility. Your manager wants you to prepare a presentation for him to present at a conference. Most of the material in the presentation will be facts that are the results of your project. Your manager intends to present the material under his own name. Your name will not appear. What should you do? A. Refuse to work on the presentation unless you are listed as a coauthor B. Do the work as you were told by your manager C. Present your own presentation D. Meet with your manager's manager and discuss the problem

A. Refuse to work on the presentation unless you are listed as a coauthor

An example of scope verification is: A. Reviewing the performance of an installed software module B. Managing changes to the project schedule C. Decomposing the WBS to a work package level D. Performing a benefit-cost analysis to determine if we should proceed

A. Reviewing the performance of an installed software module

Mark is the owner of a small manufacturing company. He's working with the assemblers, production crew, and even the administrative staff to complete the order for a new client. There's no formal project manager on this project, but everyone is working together to complete the project on time. What type of structure is Mark operating in? A. Simple B. Multidivisional C. Project-oriented D. Strong matrix

A. Simple This is an example of a simple or organic organizational structure. The workers are all working together and alongside one another regardless of title or role.

You are the project manager for your organization. When it comes to integrated change control, you must ensure that which one of the following is present? A. Supporting detail for the change B. Approval of the change from the project team C. Approval of the change from a subject matter expert D. Risk assessment for each proposed change

A. Supporting detail for the change Integrated change control requires details for implementing the change. Without evidence of the need for the change, there is no reason to implement it.

Susan is a project team member who has been developing software applications for years. She has knowledge about her routine, her approach to software development, and the processes she has developed over time that are complex to explain in planning meetings. What type of knowledge does Susan have? A. Tacit knowledge B. Explicit knowledge C. Factual knowledge D. Experiential knowledge

A. Tacit knowledge This knowledge has been gained by experience and it's not easy to communicate or quickly explain to others.

You are the project manager for the HALO Project. You and your project team are preparing the project plan. Of the following, which one is a project plan development constraint you and your team must consider? A. The budget as assigned by management. B. Project plans from similar projects. C. Project plans from similar projects that have failed. D. Interviews with SMEs who have experience with the project work in your project plan.

A. The budget as assigned by management. A predetermined budget set by management is an example of a project constraint.

You are assisting the project manager for the DGF Project. This project is to design and implement a new application that will connect to a database server. Management has requested that you create a method to document technical direction on the project and any changes or enhancements to the technical attributes of the project deliverables. Which one of the following would satisfy management's request? A. The configuration management system B. Integrated change control C. Scope control D. The change management plan

A. The configuration management system The configuration management system documents all functional physical characteristics of the project's product. It also controls changes to the project's product.

You are a project manager of a project that is part of a program. There has been some conflict among the project team about who assigns activities and directs the project execution. In this scenario, who directs the performance of the planned project activities? A. The project manager and the project management team B. The project team C. The project sponsor D. The project manager

A. The project manager and the project management team In a program, the program manager assigns the project manager authority over the project resources and authorizes the project manager to direct the project work.

You are a project manager working under a PMO. Your project resources are shared among several projects. To whom will the project team members report? A. The project manager of each project B. The functional managers C. The PMO D. The project manager of their primary project

A. The project manager of each project When resources are shared and a PMO exists, the project resources report to the PMO for staff assignments, but they'll report to the project manager of each project they're assigned to.

Marcy is the project manager of the CQD Project for her organization. She is working with Stan, the project sponsor, and they are identifying the most likely phases for this type of project work. Why would an organization divide a project into phases? A. To provide better management and control of the project B. To identify the work that will likely happen within a phase of the project C. To identify the resources necessary to complete a phase of the project D. To define the cash-flow requirements within each phase of the project

A. To provide better management and control of the project

A project manager is meeting with his project team. In this meeting, the top 10 percent of project team members are openly praised for their hard work. The bottom 10 percent of the project team members are disciplined and somewhat berated in the meeting. The balance of the project team is not addressed. What type of leadership is happening in this scenario? A. Transactional leadership B. Laissez-faire leadership C. Interactional leadership D. Pressure-based power

A. Transactional leadership Transactional leadership means the leader emphasizes the goals of the project and offers rewards and disincentives for the project team. This is sometimes called management by exception, because it's the exception that is rewarded or punished.

Your project team has been more efficient than originally projected in completing the project work. What would you expect the SPI value to be?

Above 1 SPI values above 1 indicate that more work has been completed than planned at the period of time (indicating that the team has been more efficient than expected).

Is a TCPI above or below 1 more difficult to meet?

Above 1 TCPI values above 1 are more difficult to meet because the team must perform at a level more efficient than originally planned in the project cost baseline.

__________ is the formal document signifying that the customer has accepted a deliverable as complete and satisfactory.

Accepted deliverable

__________ involves listening and then using your words to clarify and confirm the message that was heard.

Active listening

An __________ is a distinct scheduled portion of work to be performed.

Activity

__________ extend the description of activities defined in the activity list, providing details on the effort type and work location.

Activity attributes Activity attributes evolve and deepen in description as the project processes.

The Monitor Stakeholder Engagement process aims to __________ and __________ engagement activities as the project evolves.

Adapt; improve As with the Monitor Communications process, the Monitor Stakeholder Engagement process constantly gauges results and quickly initiates changes to improve the effectiveness of stakeholder engagement.

What is the largest negative impact of crashing that must be evaluated and accounted for?

Additional cost

The Determine Budget process creates the project's budget and baseline by __________ the cost estimates into a time-phased view.

Aggregating

The __________organizes the resource estimates into a hierarchical chart that can be used to help acquire and monitor resources.

Resource breakdown structure

The project plan provides a baseline for several things. Which one of the following does the project plan NOT provide a baseline for? A. Scope B. Cost C. Schedule D. Control

D. Control Control is a project activity and part of the monitoring and controlling process group.

Erin is a new project manager who is working toward her CAPM. She has been assigned a small project in her organization, but she feels that she could use some additional training, coaching, and mentoring. Where will a project manager most likely get project management mentoring? A. Project Management International B. The American Society for Quality C. The project management office D. Subject matter experts

C. The project management office

Which project document shows when resources are available to the project?

Resources calendar

You are the project manager of the GUY Project for your company and you're working with your project team on some stakeholder issues. You want to examine the interrelationships among the project stakeholders for better communications. What project management plan will you refer to? A) Project communications management plan B) Project stakeholder engagement plan C) Project stakeholder register D) Project staffing management plan

B) Project stakeholder engagement plan

The Direct and Manage Project Work process ensures both the planned project work and __________ are executed.

Approved change requests Both planned project work and approved change requests are inputs to the Direct and Manage Project work process.

Change requests can only be implemented after they are transformed into __________.

Approved change requests Change requests can only be implemented after they are transformed into approved change requests.

A project had a budget of $750,000 and was completed on time. The project expenses, however, were 15 percent more than what the project called for. What is the variance at the completion for this project? A) It is impossible to know, as not enough information has been given B) $112,500 C) $637,500 D) $750,000

B) $112,500 The formula for this problem is variance at completion minus the actual costs for the project.

You are the project manager for a consulting company. Your company has two possible projects to manage, but they can choose only one. Project WQQ is worth $217,000, while Project LB is worth $229,000. Management elects to choose Project LB. The opportunity cost of this choice is which of the following? A) $12,000 B) $217,000 C) $229,000 D) Zero, because Project LB is worth more than Project WQQ

B) $217,000 The opportunity cost is the amount of the project that the organization cannot do. A - is incorrect because $12,000 represents the difference between the two projects. C - is incorrect because this is the amount of the LB project. D - is incorrect because this is not an accurate statement.

You have just started a project for a manufacturer. Project team members report they are 30 percent complete with the project. You have spent $25,000 of the project's $250,000 budget. What is the earned value for this project? A) 10 percent B) $75,000 C) $25,000 D) Not enough information to know

B) $75,000 Earned value is found by multiplying the percentage of the project that is completed by the project's budget at completion. In this instance, it's $75,000.

You are the project manager for the JGI Project. You have 32 stakeholders on this project. How many communication channels do you have? A) Depends on the number of project team members B) 496 C) 32 D) 1

B) 496 Using the formula N(N-1)/2, where N represents the number of stakeholders, gives us 496 communication channels.

You are the project manager for the JHG Project. your project is to create a new project for your industry. you have recently learned that your competitor is also working on a similar project, but their offering will include a computer-aided program and web-based tools, which your project does not offer. You have implemented a change request to update your project accordingly. This is an example of which of the following? A) A change due to an error and omission in the initiation phase B) A change due to an external event C) A change due to an error and omission in the planning phase D) A change due to a legal issue

B) A change due to an external event This is a change due to an external event - the event being the product your competitor has in their project.

You are the project manager for your organization and it's come to your attention that some of the project team members are in disagreement with the senior network engineer about the installation of some equipment. You need to resolve this situation quickly before the project stalls any longer. Which of the following is an example of coercive power? A) A project manager who has lunch with the project team every Thursday B) A project manager who will openly punish any team member who is late with an activity C) A project manager who has worked with the technology on the project for several years D) A project manager who is friends with all of the project team members

B) A project manager who will openly punish any team member who is late with an activity Coercive power is the formal authority a project manager wields over the project team; the project manager has the authority to discipline the project team members.

Marty is the project manager of the Highway 41 Bridge Project and he's working with his project team members to create the WBS. Marty shows the team how to break down the project scope into the WBS components, but the team doesn't understand how far down the breakdown should occur. Marty should call the lowest-level item in a WBS what? A) A deliverable B) A work package C) An activity D) A leaf object

B) A work package The smallest item in the WBS is called the work package.

You are the project manager for the OOK Project. You will be hosting project meetings every week. Of the following, which one is not a valid rule for project meetings? A) Schedule recurring meetings as soon as possible B) Allow project meetings to last as long as needed C) Distribute meeting agendas prior to the meeting start D) Allow the project team to have input to the agenda

B) Allow project meetings to last as long as needed

Which of the following estimating techniques is less costly and time consuming, but also the least accurate? A) Parametric estimating B) Analogous estimating C) Bottom-up estimating D) Three-point estimating

B) Analogous estimating Analogous estimating uses historical data from similar projects to produce a gross value estimate for a project's activity duration.

Yolanda has outsourced a portion of the project to a vendor. The vendor has discovered some issues that will influence the cost and schedule of its portion of the project. How must the agreement be updated? A) As a new contract signed by Yolanda and the vendor B) As directed by the contract change control system C) As a memo and SOW signed by Yolanda and the vendor D) Project management contracts have clauses that allow vendors to adjust their work according to unknowns

B) As directed by the contract change control system

You are an IT project manager and are working with the project team to determine the best computer system for the project. You and the project team decide to measure the performance of both systems to determine which one performs best. This is an example of which one of the following? A) Cost-benefits analysis B) Benchmarking C) Design of experiments D) Determining the cost of quality

B) Benchmarking This is an example of benchmarking, because the project team is comparing one system to another.

Which data representation technique used in the Manage Quality process breaks down the causes of a problem and organizes them into discrete branches, allowing root cause identification? A) Flow chart B) Cause-and-effect diagram C) Affinity diagram D) Scatter diagram

B) Cause-and-effect diagram The cause-and-effect diagram is also known as the fishbone or Ishikawa diagram

It's important for you, the project manager, to understand what each of the project management processes creates. One of the key processes you'll do is scope control throughout your project. Which of the following is an output of scope control? A) Work-around B) Change request for a corrective action C) Transference D) Risk assessment

B) Change request for a corrective action Change requests for corrective actions are an output of scope control. This is because the project team may be doing work outside of the project scope. Corrective action would stop the extraneous work and bring the project team member's actions back into the work within the project scope.

Which is the correct hierarchy in a project environment, from most to least inclusive? A. Projects, portfolios, then programs B. Portfolios, programs, then projects C. Portfolios, projects, then programs D. Projects, programs, then portfolios

B. Portfolios, programs, then projects

You are the project manager for the Log Cabin Project. One of your vendors is completing a large portion of the project. You have heard a rumor that the vendor is losing many of its workers due to labor issues. In light of this information, what should you do? A) Stop work with the vendor until the labor issues are resolved. B) Communicate with the vendor about the rumor. C) Look to secure another vendor to replace the current one. D) Negotiate with the labor union to secure the workers on your project.

B) Communicate with the vendor about the rumor. The project manager should confront the problem by talking with the vendor about the rumor.

You are the project manager of the SUN Project. your organization is a functional environment, and you do not get along well with the functional manager leading the project. You disagree with the manager on how the project should proceed , the timings of the activities, the suggested schedule, and the expected quality of the work. The manager has requested that you get to work on several of the activities on the critical path even though you and she have not solved the issues concerning the project. What should you do? A) Go to senior management and voice your concerns B) Complete the activities as requested C) Ask to be taken off of the project D) Refuse to begin activities on the project until the issues are resolved

B) Complete the activities as requested

You are the project manager for the KOY Project, which requires quality that maps to federal guidelines. To ensure that you can meet these standards, you have elected to put the project team through training specific to the federal guidelines your project must adhere to. The costs of these classes can be assigned to which of the following? A) The cost of doing business B) Cost of quality C) Cost of adherence D) Cost of nonconformance

B) Cost of quality Training to meet the quality expectations is attributed to the cost of quality.

Marty is the project manager of a software development project. He has reviewed the project's costs and progress and he realizes that he has a cost variance of $44,000. He needs to complete what type of report? A) Status report B) Exceptions report C) Forecast report D) Lessons learned

B) Exceptions report Because Marty has a variance, he needs to complete a variance report. A variance report is also known as an exceptions report.

Throughout the project, you have milestones scheduled at the end of each phase. Tied to these milestones is a project management requirement of scope validation. Scope validation leads to what? A) Defect repair B) Formal acceptance of the complete project scope C) Rework D) Inspection

B) Formal acceptance of the complete project scope Scope validation leads to one thing: formal acceptance of the complete project scope.

Henry has been negotiating with the ABN Contracting Company for two weeks regarding some procured work on the project. Henry has sent the ABN Contracting Company a letter of intent. This means what? A) Henry intends to sue the ABN Contracting Company B) Henry intends to buy from the ABN Contracting Company C) Henry intends to bid on a job from the ABN Contracting Company D) Henry intends to fire the ABN Contracting Company

B) Henry intends to buy from the ABN Contracting Company

A project team member has, on his own initiative, added extra vents to an attic to increase air circulation. The project plan did not call for those extra vents, but the team member decided they were needed based on the geographical location of the house. The project team's experts concur with this decision. This is an example of which of the following? A) Cost control B) Ineffective change control C) Self-led teams D) Value-added change

B) Ineffective change control Even though the change is agreed upon, this is an example of ineffective change control. The team member should follow the change control process as defined in the project scope management plan.

You are the project manager of the Data Warehouse Project. You've just recently created the project network diagram and you now want to identify the critical path. Which one of the following best describes the critical path? A) It is always one path with no float. B) It determines the earliest the project can finish. C) It has the most activities. D) It has the most important project activities.

B) It determines the earliest the project can finish.

The framing activity cannot begin until the concrete has cured for 36 hours. The time between the concrete activity and the framing activity is best described as which one of the following? A) Hard logic B) Lag time C) Lead time D) Finish-to-start relationship

B) Lag time The framing activity cannot begin immediately after the concrete activity; there is waiting time, which is commonly known as lag time.

You are the project manager in your organization. Your project is part of a larger program led by Nancy Whitting. Nancy is a believer of McGregor's Theory of X and Y. Which of the following is an example of Theory X? A) Self-led project teams B) Micromanagement C) Team members able to work on their own accord D) Earned value management

B) Micromanagement Theory X states that workers have an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it if possible. With regard to this theory, micromanagement is a method used to make certain workers complete their work.

You should understand several management theories for your PMI exam and for your role as a project manager. Which theory posits that workers need to be involved with the management process? A) McGregor's Theory of X and Y B) Ouchi's Theory Z C) Herzberg's Theory of Motivation D) Expectancy Theory

B) Ouchi's Theory Z

A table of risks, their probabilities, impacts, and numbers representing the overall risk scores is called a _______________. A) Risk table B) Probability-impact matrix C) Quantitative matrix D) Qualitative matrix

B) Probability-impact matrix

You are the project manager for Industrial Lights Project. Your project team can have access to the job site only between 8 p.m. and 7 a.m. Which project document would document this information for your project? A) Project charter B) Project calendar C) Project schedule D) Resource management plan

B) Project calendar The project calendar defines when the project work can be done, so this is the best choice for the question.

Which of the following is not an input to the Develop Project Charter process (4.1)? A) Business case B) Project management plan C) Agreements D) EEFs and OPAs

B) Project management plan

Who is the person assigned by the performing organization to be responsible for achieving the project's objectives? A) Program manager B) Project manager C) Functional manager D) Portfolio manager

B) Project manager

You are a project management consultant for the Steinberg Organization and you're helping them categorize risks they may encounter in their projects. For starters, you identify some basic risk categories but your client wants to see some examples of these categories. You tell them, for example, that ____________ include(s) fire, theft, or injury, and offer(s) no chance for gain. A) Business risks B) Pure risks C) Risk acceptance D) Life risks

B) Pure risks Pure risks are the risks that could threaten the safety of the individuals on the project.

Alice is a project manager for her organization and she's working with the project team to identify project risks and rank them by impact and probability. Which risk analysis technique provides the project manager with a risk ranking? A) Quantifiable B) Qualitative C) The utility function D) SWOT analysis

B) Qualitative The risk ranking is based on the very high, high, medium, low, and very low attributes of the identified risks.

One of your project team members reports that he sold pieces of equipment because he needs to pay for his daughter's school tuition. He says that he has paid back the money by working overtime without reporting the hours worked so that his theft remains private. What should you do? A) Fire the project team member B) Report the team member to his manager C) Suggest that the team member report his action to human resources D) Tell the team member you're disappointed in what he did, and advise him not to do something like this again.

B) Report the team member to his manager This situation calls for the project team member to be reported to his manager for disciplinary action.

You are a project management consultant for the Hopson Company and you're working with them to determine the best vendor and contract choice for a portion of their project. The purpose of a contract is to distribute between the buyer and seller a reasonable amount of what? A) Responsibility B) Risk C) Reward D) Accountability

B) Risk

You are the project manager of the GUY Project for your organization. This project has recently been chartered and you're starting the process of stakeholder identification. In this process, you're working with your project team, some of the known stakeholders, and your project sponsor. Which one of the following inputs will you not need for the stakeholder identification process? A) Organizational process assets B) Risk management plan C) Agreements D) Project charter

B) Risk management plan

The customers of the project have requested additions to the project scope. The project manager notifies you that additional risk planning will need to be added to the project schedule. Why? A) The risk planning should always be the same amount of time as the activities required by the scope change. B) Risk planning should occur whenever the scope is adjusted. C) Risk planning should occur only at the project manager's discretion. D) The project manager is incorrect. Risk planning does not need to happen at every change in the project.

B) Risk planning should occur whenever the scope is adjusted.

You are the project manager of the Newton Construction Project. This project will use internal and external employees on your project team. Your project requires an electrician at month eight. This is an example of which of the following? A) Organizational interfaces B) Staffing requirements C) Contractor requirements D) Resource constraints

B) Staffing requirements Because the project requires the electrician, a project role, this is a staffing requirement.

You are the project manager of the PUY Project. This project requires a chemical engineer for seven months of the project, although there are no available chemical engineers within your department. This is an example of which of the following? A) Organizational interfaces B) Staffing requirements C) Contractor requirements D) Resource constraints

B) Staffing requirements The project needs the resource of the chemical engineer to be successful. When the project needs a resource, it is a staffing requirement.

What is the definition of a project? A) Permanent endeavor that produces repetitive outputs B) Temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result C) Temporary endeavor that produces repetitive outputs D) Temporary endeavor undertaken to create a temporary business process or product

B) Temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result

You are the project manager for your organization and you're working with the project team to identify the project risks, rank the risks on probability and impact, and then create a risk contingency reserve. As part of these processes you want to explore multiple scenarios of risk events in the project so you're utilizing different tools to analyze the project risks. Based on this information, which of the following can determine multiple scenarios, given various risks and the probability of their impact? A) A decision tree B) The Monte Carlo technique C) A Pareto Chart D) A Gantt Chart

B) The Monte Carlo technique

You are the project manager of the Adams Construction Project. Some of the work in the project contains pure risk that you're not willing to accept. You decide to mitigate the pure risks in this project. Which of the following may be used as a risk mitigation tool? A) The vendor proposal B) The contract C) The quotation D) Project requirements

B) The contract Contracts can be used as a risk mitigation tool. Procurement of risky activities is known as transference; the risk does not disappear, but the responsibility for the risk is transferred to the vendor.

You are the project manager of a large project. Your project sponsor and management have approved your outsourcing portions of the project plan. What must be considered if a change request affects the procured work? A) The project sponsor B) The contractual agreement C) Vendor(s) D) The cause of the change requet

B) The contractual agreement If a change to the project scope affects the procured work, the project manager must consider the contract. This is because the change may affect the existing contract between the project manager and the vendor.

Management has approached Tyler, one of your project team members. Tyler is a database administrator and developer whose work is always on time, accurate, and of quality. He also has a reputation of being a "good guy" and is well liked. Because of this, management has decided to move Tyler into the role of a project manager for a new database administration project. This is an example of which of the following? A) Management by exception B) The halo effect C) Management by objectives D) McGregor's Theory of X and Y

B) The halo effect The halo effect is the assumption that because the person is good at a technology, he would also be good at managing a project dealing with that said technology.

Beth is the project manager for her company and she's asked to help her with project schedule network analysis. Examine the illustration. If Activity B is delayed by two days, how late will the project be? A) The project will not be late because Activity B may use float. B) The project will be late by one day. C) The project will be late by two days. D) The project will be late by four days.

B) The project will be late by one day. If activity B is delayed by two days, the total duration of the project changes to 16 total days - one more day than the critical path will allow.

A project manager and the project team are actively monitoring the pressure gauge on a piece of equipment. Sarah, the engineer, recommends a series of steps to be implemented should the pressure rise above 80 percent. The 80 percent mark represents what? A) An upper control limit B) The threshold C) Mitigation D) A workaround

B) The threshold

You are the project manager for your company and you have six vendors on your project. You've worked with the vendors collectively to organize and schedule their overlapping work, scope control, and changes within their contract requirements. You have created many procurement documents in this project. Which one of the following is true about procurement documents? A) They offer no room for bidders to suggest changes B) They ensure receipt of complete proposals C) They inform the performing organization why the bid is being created D) The project manager creates and selects the bid

B) They ensure receipt of complete proposals

Benji is the project manager of the PLP Project. He has hired an independent contractor for a portion of the project work. The contractor is billing the project $120 per hour plus materials. This is an example of what? A) Cost plus fixed fee B) Time and materials C) Unit price D) Lump-sum

B) Time and materials

You inform your team that a critical output of the Close Project process is the completion and archival of the lessons learned register. What is the main reason why ensuring that the register is updated and archived important? A) To create a means of identifying talented individuals that can assist in future projects B) To identify and make easily available improvement ideas that can be used on comparable projects C) The project cannot be formally closed until every output is produced D) To highlight the largest risks and opportunities that were overcome during the project

B) To identify and make easily available improvement ideas that can be used on comparable projects

Consider a project that is to begin work on a Monday and a project team that will not work any weekends. The critical path of the project is 17 days. On what day of the week will the project be completed? A) Monday B) Tuesday C) Wednesday D) Thursday

B) Tuesday

You are the project manager of the PLY Project. This project is similar to the ACT Project you have completed. What method can you use to expedite the process of organizational planning? A) Use the project plan of the ACT Project on the PLY Project. B) Use the roles and responsibilities defined in the ACT Project on the PLY Project. C) Use the project team structure of the ACT Project on the PLY Project. D) Use the project team of the ACT Project on the PLY Project.

B) Use the roles and responsibilities defined in the ACT Project on the PLY Project. When projects are similar in nature, the project manager can use the roles and responsibilities defined in the historical project to guide the current project.

Management has requested that you complete a definitive cost estimate for your current project. Which one of the following must exist in order to complete this estimate? A) Project scope statement B) Work breakdown structure C) Project team D) Expert judgment

B) Work breakdown structure The WBS is needed in order to create a definitive cost estimate. This is the most accurate estimate type, but it also takes the longest to complete.

You are working with your project team to break down the project work into activities. Which component in the WBS must be broken down to get to the schedule activities? A) Project scope B) Work packages C) Planning packages D) Product scope

B) Work packages

The project steering committee is considering which project they should invest capital in. Mary's project promises to be worth $175,000 in four years. The project steering committee is interested in Mary's project, but they would like to know the present value of the return if the interest rate is 6 percent. What is the present value of Mary's project? A. $175,000 B. $139,000 C. $220,000 D. $43,750

B. $139,000 $139,000 is the present value of Mary's project. This is found through the following formula: PV = FV / (1 + I)n, which is future value divided by 1 plus the interest rate to the power of the periods the project will last. This question would read ($175,000)/(1.26) because the interest rate provided was 6 percent.

A project manager is assigned to a project early in the project lifecycle. One of the things that must be done is to do a justification for the project. Since very little information is known about the project, the estimates are considered to be rough estimates. The following table is the project manager's estimate of the cash flow that will take place over the next five years. End of Year - Cash Flow In - Cash Flow Out 1 - 0 - 500,000 2 - 300,000 - 90,000 3 - 400,000 - 100,000 4 - 100,000 - 175,000 5 - 50,000 - 35,000 What is the net cash flow at the end of the five years? A. $50,000 B. -$50,000 C. $850,000 D. $100,000

B. -$50,000

You are the project manager of a new project. When is the likelihood of failing to achieve the objectives the highest within your project? A. There is not enough information provided to know for certain B. At the start of the project C. At the end of the project D. During the intermediate phases of the project

B. At the start of the project Projects are most likely to fail at the start of the project. As the project moves closer to the project completion, its odds of finishing successfully increase.

Governance framework is important for the success of the project, programs, and portfolios within an organization. Governance framework addresses all the following items except for which one? A. Alignment with the organizational mission B. Change control procedures C. Performance on time, cost, and scope D. Communications with stakeholders

B. Change control procedures

Beth is a new project manager for her company and she's working with her project team to develop the project management plan. Beth knows that she must rely on several different skills to make her first project successful. Of the following management skills, which will a project manager use most? A. Leading B. Communicating C. Influencing the organization D. Negotiating

B. Communicating Communication is the key general management skill a project manager will use the most.

You are the project manager of the Systems Upgrade Project for your organization. As a project manager, you want to influence the organization and the project team for the better. What two key aspects are most helpful in influencing your organization as a project manager. A. Management and leadership B. Communication skills and a positive attitude C. Experience and knowledge D. Experience and willingness to learn

B. Communication skills and a positive attitude

You are managing a project in a foreign country. In this country there is a normal practice for business people to exchange gifts when very large contracts, such as the one you are working on, are signed. The gift is of a greater value than your company's policy for gift exchange will allow. You have given a gift of similar value to the customer's representative already. What should you do? A. Take the gift B. Contact your company's management and seek for assistance C. Refuse the gift graciously, explaining your company's policy D. Ask the customer's representative to give the gift to your manager.

B. Contact your company's management and seek for assistance

A project manager is preparing to meet with three crucial project stakeholders on a new project. Which tools and techniques can the project manager use to capture stakeholder interest? A. Review stakeholder register and meeting B. Data analysis and communication skills C. Data gathering and data analysis D. Communication skills and cultural awareness

B. Data analysis and communication skills

When developing the project schedule, a project manager uses decomposition and rolling wave planning techniques in this process: A. Develop Schedule B. Define Activities C. Define Scope D. Collect Requirements

B. Define Activities

Which of the following tasks focuses on decomposing work packages? A. Adjust duration estimates B. Define activities C. Complete rolling wave planning D. Develop milestone list

B. Define activities

Which is an example of analogous estimating? A. Estimates are created by individuals or groups with specialized knowledge. B. Estimates are created by using information about resources of previous similar projects. C. Estimates are created by analyzing data. D. Estimates are created at the task level and aggregated upwards.

B. Estimates are created by using information about resources of previous similar projects.

In your industry, your projects must adhere to a government regulation. This government regulation will affect how you manage your project. The government regulation in this scenario is best described as which one of the following? A. Organizational process asset B. External enterprise environmental factor C. Constraint D. External constraint

B. External enterprise environmental factor

Which is an example of an internal enterprise environmental factor? A. Market share brand recognition B. Factory location C. Local government regulation D. Industry research

B. Factory location

You are the project manager for your organization and you're working with a new client to start a project at the client's site. You and the client are negotiating the price, schedule, and other concerns for a contract for the new project. In the negotiating, you and the client should be negotiating for what result? A. Best price for the contracted work B. Fair agreement for both the client and the vendor C. Most profit for the contracted work D. risk distribution between the two parties

B. Fair agreement for both the client and the vendor

An S-curve is produced by which type of risk analysis?

Monte Carlo analysis The S-curve from a Monte Carlo risk analysis visually shows the probability of achieving any project outcome.

In an adaptive project environment, which action helps the project manager ensure that the team is comfortable with charges? A. Having control over the planning and delivery of the products without delegating decisions B. Giving access to information to the team and frequent team checkpoints C. Selecting different team members to take the project manager role during reviews with stakeholders D. Asking the control change board to approve changes before notifying the team

B. Giving access to information to the team and frequent team checkpoints

You are a new project manager for your organization. Management has asked you to begin creating a project management plan with your project team based on a recently initiated project. The project management plan defines which one of the following? A. Who the project manager will be B. How the project manager will use the project management system C. When the project team will be assembled and released D. How the deliverable will be shipped to the customer

B. How the project manager will use the project management system

One of the members of your project team comes to you and says that he heard that one of the suppliers to the project had given a substantial gift to one of the project team members in hopes that the team member would favor his company with a purchase order. The company was favored with a purchase order for the parts. What should you do? A. Talk to the person and get him or her to give back the gift B. Investigate the matter completely C. Cancel the purchase order with the supplier D. Meet with your manager and discuss the problem

B. Investigate the matter completely

You are the project manager of the HBH Project to install 40 new servers for your company network. You recommend, as part of your project planning, using progressive elaboration. Some of the project team members are confused about this concept. Of the following, which one is the best example of progressive elaboration? A. It is the process of decomposing the work into small, manageable tasks. B. It is the process of taking a project from concept to completion. C. It is the process of taking a project concept to a project budget. D. It is the process of identifying the business needs of a potential project.

B. It is the process of taking a project from concept to completion. According to the PMBOK Guide, progressive elaboration means developing in steps and then continuing by increments. In this instance, you're starting broad with the project concept and then moving from the project life cycle to project completion.

A project manager is assigned to a project early in the project lifecycle. One of the things that must be done is to do a justification for the project. Since very little information is known about the project, the estimates are considered to be rough estimates. The following table is the project manager's estimate of the cash flow that will take place over the next five years. End of Year - Cash Flow In - Cash Flow Out 1 - 0 - 500,000 2 - 300,000 - 90,000 3 - 400,000 - 100,000 4 - 100,000 - 175,000 5 - 50,000 - 35,000 If the net present value for each of the cash flows were calculated at a 10% interest rate, the net present value cash flow at the end of five years would be: A. Greater than the total cash flow without the net present value applied B. Less than the total cash flow without the net present value applied C. The same as the total cash flow without the net present value applied D. Unable to be calculated with the information supplied

B. Less than the total cash flow without the net present value applied

Terri's organization is moving through the process of selecting one of several projects. Her organization utilizes mathematical models to determine the projects that should be initiated. Which one of the following is an example of a mathematical model used to select projects for selection? A. Future value B. Linear programming C. Present value D. Benefit/cost ratio

B. Linear programming Linear programming is an example of a mathematical model that can be used for project selection. Recall that mathematical models are also known as constrained optimization.

As a project manager, you need both leadership and management skills. Which one of the following statements best describes the difference between leadership and management in a project? A. Management is the process of getting the results that are expected in the project. Leadership is the ability to motivate and inspire individuals. B. Management is the process of getting the results that are expected in the project stakeholders. Leadership is the ability to motivate and inspire individuals to work toward those expected results. C. Leadership is about creating excitement to be managed. D. Leadership is the process of getting the project team excited to create results that are expected by project stakeholders. Management is the ability to keep track of the project results.

B. Management is the process of getting the results that are expected in the project stakeholders. Leadership is the ability to motivate and inspire individuals to work toward those expected results.

You have just informed your project team that each team member will be contributing to the Lessons Learned documentation. Your team does not understand this approach and wants to know what the documentation will be used for. Which one of the following best describes the purpose of the lessons learned documentation? A. Offers proof of concept for management B. Offers historical information for future projects C. Offers evidence of project progression as reported by the project team D. Offers input to team member evaluations at the project's conclusion

B. Offers historical information for future projects Lessons learned documentation serves as part of organizational process assets for the current and future projects.

In your project management plan development, you'll need several inputs. Of the following, which one is an input to project management plan development? A. Assumptions B. Outputs from other project management processes. C. Earned value management D. Business needs

B. Outputs from other project management processes. The outputs from other project management processes need to be identified as part of the planning process.

During what project management process does the project manager invest the most effort into creating the work breakdown structure (WBS)? A. Initiating B. Planning C. Executing D. Monitoring and Controlling

B. Planning

Mark is a new project manager in his company. Before joining this company, Mark worked as a project manager for more than 20 years at an IT service provider. Mark has a deep understanding of electronics, software development, and data warehouse technology and is considered an expert in his field. His current project team, however, is pushing back on recommendations from Mark and challenging his knowledge on the project. Since Mark is new, the project team reasons, he likely doesn't understand how things work in the organization. What type of power does Mark have in this scenario? A. Expert B. Positional C. Situational D. Informational

B. Positional Mark has positional power in this scenario because he's new to the organization and the team doesn't recognize his expertise in the technology. Positional power is also known as formal, authoritative, and legitimate power.

Once the make-or-buy analysis is completed, which document defines the project delivery method? A. Procurement statement of work (SOW) B. Procurement strategy C. Terms of reference D. Change request

B. Procurement strategy

A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a new product or service is called a: A. New product development B. Project C. Program D. Enterprise

B. Project

What type of power does a project manager have when the team admires the project manager because they've worked with her before the current project or they know of her reputation as a project manager. A. Situational B. Referent C. Personal D. Expert

B. Referent The project manager is respected or admired because of knowledge of past experiences with her. This is about the project manager's credibility in the organization.

Which of the following are outputs from the process of creating a work breakdown structure (WBS)? A. Project scope statement and accepted deliverables B. Scope baseline and project documents update C. Accepted deliverables and enterprise environmental factors D. Scope baseline and work performance information

B. Scope baseline and project documents update

Decomposing the major deliverables into smaller, more manageable components to provide better control is called: A. Scope planning B. Scope definition C. Scope baselining D. Scope verification

B. Scope definition

Two members of the team are having a conflict. The project manager decides that, in this case, the best solution is to bring some degree of satisfaction to all parties in order to temporarily or partially resolve the problem. Which technique should the project manager use? A. Withdraw/Avoid B. Smooth/Accommodate C. Compromise/Reconcile D. Collaborate/Problem Solve

B. Smooth/Accommodate

A project is just beginning, and management creates a long list of potential stakeholders. Which statement about identifying and engaging stakeholder, is correct? A. The project manager should identify and deal with stakeholders only during the execution phase. B. Stakeholder satisfaction should be identified immediately and managed as a project objective. C. The project manager should focus on project objectives and deal with stakeholders as a secondary priority. D. Stakeholder satisfaction is the most important goal, and project objectives should be considered a secondary priority.

B. Stakeholder satisfaction should be identified immediately and managed as a project objective.

You are the project manager for your organization and you're working with your company's project management office. The PMO has provided you with forms, templates, software, and some advice on how best to manage the project. What type of project management does your company have? A. Consultative B. Supporting C. Controlling D. Directive

B. Supporting

Which of the following conditions should the project manager consider when working on the scheduling for an adaptive environment? A. Defining, sequencing, estimating activity durations, and developing a schedule model are so tightly linked that they are viewed as a single process. B. The detailed project schedule should remain flexible throughout the project to accommodate newly gained knowledge. C. An iterative scheduling and on-demand, pull-based scheduling will be required. D. To address the full delivery schedule, a range of techniques may be needed and then need to be adapted.

B. The detailed project schedule should remain flexible throughout the project to accommodate newly gained knowledge.

You are the project manager in your organization. Unlike your last job, which used a functional structure, this organization is utilizing a weak matrix. Who has full authority over project funding in a weak matrix? A. The project manager B. The functional manager C. The PMO D. The project sponsor

B. The functional manager The functional manager has the power over the project funding, not the project manager. In a weak matrix, the functional manager is likely to be the project sponsor.

There are several different tactics and leadership styles you can adapt in a project. Which one of the following is the best description of being a servant leader? A. The leader emphasizes the goals of the project and rewards and disincentives for the project team. B. The leader puts others first and focuses on the needs of the people he serves. C. The leader takes a hands-off approach to the project. D. The leader inspires and motivates the project team to achieve the project goals.

B. The leader puts others first and focuses on the needs of the people he serves. A servant leader puts others first and focuses on the needs of the people he serves. Servant leaders provide opportunity for growth, education, autonomy within the project, and the well-being of others. The primary focus of servant leadership is service to others.

Project managers must be aware of the political and social environments that the project operates within. These environments can affect the project's ability to operate, can limit working hours, or can cause embarrassment when the project manager assumes other cultures are the same as hers. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of a project's cultural and social environment? A. Economics B. Time zone differences C. Demographics D. Ethics

B. Time zone differences Time zone differences are not part of the cultural and social environment, but they are part of the international and political environment.

Which process determines the correctness of deliverables? A. Verify Deliverables B. Validate Deliverables C. Review Deliverables D. Analyze Deliverables

B. Validate Deliverables

You are the project manager for your organization. Gary, a new project team member, is working on multiple projects at once. He approaches you, worried about who he reports to. In addition, Gary has a functional manager who is assigning him work. What type of structure are you and Gary operating in? A. Functional B. Weak matrix C. Program office D. Project-oriented

B. Weak matrix The best choice is that you and Gary are operating in a weak matrix structure. This is the best choice because Gary is working on multiple projects and he is also receiving work assignments from his functional manager - something that isn't likely to happen in a functional or project-oriented structure.

The project manager is dividing the project scope into smaller pieces, and repeating this process until no more subdivisions are required. At this point the project manager is able to estimate costs and activities for each element. What are these elements called? A. Project activities B. Work packages C. Planning packages D. Project deliverables

B. Work packages

Just as you need interpersonal skills, you'll also need management skills to engage the stakeholders effectively in the project. Which one is a management skill? A) Trustworthiness B) Active listening C) Influence D) Conflict resolution

C) Influence

Which of the following is the example of a conflict of interest? A. You are the fourth cousin of a vendor supplying parts to a project in your company B. You are the owner of a company that is supplying parts to a project that you are managing C. You receive a gift from a supplier of parts for your project D. A supplier tells you sensitive information, in confidence, that allows you to select another supplier for your project

B. You are the owner of a company that is supplying parts to a project that you are managing

The activity of tailoring is necessary because: A. the members of the project team need to select the appropriate order of every tool, technique, input, and output listed in the PMBOK Guide; this is required for all projects. B. each project is unique, and the members of the project team should select the appropriate tools, techniques, inputs, and outputs from the PMBOK Guide. C. the members of the project team need to understand the PMBOK Guide processes, which are applied to all projects. D. each project is unique, and the project team must plan how to apply all the tools, techniques, inputs, and outputs in the PMBOK Guide.

B. each project is unique, and the members of the project team should select the appropriate tools, techniques, inputs, and outputs from the PMBOK Guide.

The __________ explains the logic behind each cost estimate, allowing the team to understand how the costs were derived.

Basis of estimates

What type of meeting is used to provide prospective contractors the opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the procurement statement of work?

Bidder conference

__________ estimating requires significant resources and time, but can be very accurate.

Bottom-up estimating This technique aggregates estimates of individual lower-level activities.

Which variable defines the total budget amount allocated for the project?

Budget at completion (BAC)

One of the stakeholders of the project you are managing asks why you consider the scope statement so important in your project management methodology. You answer her question with which of the following? A) It is mandatory to consult the plan before authorizing any change. B) Project managers must document any changes before approving or declining them. C) The project scope helps the project manager determine whether a change is within or outside of scope. D) The project plan and earned value management (EVM) work together to assess the risk involved with proposed changes.

C) The project scope statement can help the project management team determine whether a proposed change is within or outside of the project boundaries.

Terry is the project manager of the network update project and the project stakeholders have requested that four new servers will be added to the project. This addition will cause changes in the project costs and schedule. Which process can manage changes to the project schedule? A) Change control system B) Schedule change control system C) Integrated change control D) Change control board

C) Integrated change control All changes from any area of the project must flow through integrated change control.

You are presented with the following table: Risk Event 1 | Probability .35 | Impact Cost/Benefit -4,000 | Ex$V ____ Risk Event 2 | Probability .40 | Impact Cost/Benefit 50,000 | Ex$V ____ Risk Event 3 | Probability .45 | Impact Cost/Benefit -300,000 | Ex$V ____ Risk Event 4 | Probability .30 | Impact Cost/Benefit 50,000 | Ex$V ____ Risk Event 5 | Probability .35 | Impact Cost/Benefit -45,000 | Ex$V ____ Based on the preceding numbers, what is the amount needed for the contingency fund? A) Unknown with this information B) $249,000 C) $117,150 D) $15,750

C) $117,150 Risk Event 1 | Probability .35 | Impact Cost/Benefit -4,000 | Ex$V -1,400 Risk Event 2 | Probability .40 | Impact Cost/Benefit 50,000 | Ex$V 20,000 Risk Event 3 | Probability .45 | Impact Cost/Benefit -300,000 | Ex$V -135,000 Risk Event 4 | Probability .30 | Impact Cost/Benefit 50,000 | Ex$V 15,000 Risk Event 5 | Probability .35 | Impact Cost/Benefit -45,000 | Ex$V -15,750 Total Ex$V = -117,150

You are presented with the following table: Risk Event 1 | Probability .20 | Impact Cost/Benefit -4,000 | Ex$V ____ Risk Event 2 | Probability .50 | Impact Cost/Benefit 5,000 | Ex$V ____ Risk Event 3 | Probability .45 | Impact Cost/Benefit -300 | Ex$V ____ Risk Event 4 | Probability .22 | Impact Cost/Benefit 500 | Ex$V ____ Risk Event 5 | Probability .35 | Impact Cost/Benefit -4,500 | Ex$V ____ Risk Event 6 | Probability ____ | Impact Cost/Benefit _________ | Ex$V ____ What would Risk Event 6 be, based on the following information: Marty is 60 percent certain that he can get the facility needed for $45,000, which is $7,000 less than what was planned for. A) .60, $45,000, $27,000 B) .60, $52,000, $31,200 C) .60, $7,000, $4,200 D) .60, -$7,000, -$4,200

C) .60, $7,000, $4,200 Marty is 60 percent certain that he can save the project $7,000. The $4,200 represents the 60 percent certainty of the savings.

You are the project manager of the BHG Project. Your BAC is $600,000. You have spent $270,000 of your budget. You are now 40 percent done with the project, through your plan called for you to be 45 percent done with the work by this time. What is your CPI? A) 100 B) 89 C) .89 D) .79

C) .89 The CPI is found by dividing the earned value by the actual costs. EV = BAC x % done. EV / actual cost

Your project has 45 stakeholders as of today. You've just learned that next week, 29 new stakeholders will be joining the project. How many more communication channels will you have next week? A) 406 B) 990 C) 1711 D) 2701

C) 1711 To solve this problem, you'll need to use the communications channel formula of N(N - 1)/2, where N represents the number of stakeholders. You'll first have to find the current number of communication channels, which is 990. Then, you'll find the channels with added stakeholders, which is 2701. Finally, you'll find the difference between 2701 and 990, which is 1711 more communication channels.

You are the project manager for the PMU Project. Your project has 13 members. You have been informed that next week your project will receive the 7 additional members you requested. How many channels of communication will you have next week. A) 1 B) 78 C) 190 D) 201

C) 190

You are the project manager for a software development project for an accounting system that will operate over the Internet. Based on your research, you have discovered that it will cost you $25,000 to write your own code. Once the code is written, you estimate you'll spend $3,000 per month updating the software with client information, government regulations, and maintenance. A vendor has proposed to write the code for your company and charge a fee based on the number of clients using the program every month. The vendor will charge you $5 per month per user of the web-based accounting system. You will have roughly 1,200 clients using the system per month. However, you'll need an in-house accountant to manage the time and billing of the system, so this will cost an extra $1,200 per month. How many months will you have to use the system before it is better to write your own code than to hire the vendor? A) 3 months B) 4 months C) 6 months D) 15 months

C) 6 months The monies invested in the vendor's solution would have paid for your own code in six months. This is calculated by finding your cash outlay for the two solutions: $25,000 for your own code creation; zero cash outlay for the vendor's solution. The monthly cost to maintain your own code is $3,000. The monthly cost of the vendor's solution is $7,200. Subtract your cost of $3,000 from the vendor's cost of $7,200 and this equals $4,200. Divide this number into the cash outlay of $25,000 to create your own code, and you'll come up with 5.95 months.

You are the project manager for the KLN Project. you had 19 stakeholders on this project and have added three team members on the project. How many more communication channels do you have now compared with before. A) 171 B) 231 C) 60 D) 1

C) 60 This is a tough question, but typical of the CAPM and PMP exams. The question asks how many more communication channels exist. you'll have to calculate the new value, which is 231, and then subtract the original value, which is 171, for a total of 60 new channels.

You are the project manager for a plastics manufacturer. You would like to illustrate the categories of quality failure within your project so that you and your project team can attack the largest area of failure first. This type of chart is known as which one of the following? A) A control chart B) An Ishikawa diagram C) A Pareto diagram D) A flowchart

C) A Pareto diagram

Mark is the project manager of the PMH Project. Quality inspections of the deliverables show several problems. Management has asked Mark to create a chart showing the distribution of problems and their frequencies. Given this, management wants which of the following? A) A control chart B) An Ishikawa diagram C) A Pareto diagram D) A flowchart

C) A Pareto diagram A Pareto diagram maps out the causes of defects and illustrates their frequency.

Which one of the following examples best describes a push communication? A) A blog about the project B) A secured blog for functional managers C) A project newsletter sent to the stakeholders from the project manager D) The project management plan

C) A project newsletter sent to the stakeholders from the project manager Push communication means that one person is sending out the information to other people. Of all the choices, the newsletter sent from the project manager to the project stakeholders is the best example of a push communication.

Terry is the project manager of the MVB Project. She needs to purchase a piece of equipment for her project. The accounting department has informed Terry that she needs a unilateral form of contract. Accounting is referring to which of the following? A) The statement of work (SOW) B) A legally binding contract C) A purchase order D) An invoice from the vendor

C) A purchase order

You are the project manager of the GYH Project. This project will create a walking bridge across the Tennessee River. You've been asked to start the process of creating the project scope statement and you need to gather the elements for this process. Which one of the following is not needed to define the project scope. A) A project charter B) Organizational process assets C) A risk management plan D) Requirements documentation

C) A risk management plan At this point, you won't need, or likely have, the risk management plan to define the project scope. You will need the project charter, organizational process assets, and the requirements documentation to define the project scope.

You are the project manager of the HGF Project. You would like to use a portion of the activity list from the HGB Project, which is similar to your current project. The portion of the activity list from the HGB Project is best described as which one of the following? A) Rolling wave planning B) Analogous estimating C) A template D) Expert judgment

C) A template

Ronald is the project manager for his company. He has created a project network diagram for the activities in the activity list and he's trying now to begin the process of float determination. He's asked for your help. Examine the following illustration. Which path is the critical path? A) ABFGJL B) ACFGJL C) ADEHJL D) ADIKL

C) ADEHJL ADEHJL is the critical path because this one takes the longest to complete.

Mike, a project manager in your company, is falling behind on the project schedule. He has elected to crash the project. What is crashing? A) Adding lag time between all project activities B) Adding lead time between all project activities C) Adding additional project resources to the project work D) Removing all unneeded project deliverables

C) Adding additional project resources to the project work Crashing is when a project manager elects to add resources to the project work in an attempt to compress the project schedule. Crashing adds costs to the project.

You are the project manager of the JKL Project, which currently has some production flaws. Which analysis tool will enable you to determine the cause and effect of the projection faults? A) A flowchart B) A Pareto diagram C) An Ishikawa diagram D) A control chart

C) An Ishikawa diagram The key words "cause and effect" equate to the Ishikawa diagram.

Holly is a new project manager and she's confused about the need for the change log, and how it relates to the stakeholder engagement. Why is the change log an input to the management stakeholder engagement process? A) Because it documents any changes to the stakeholder contact information B) Because it documents any changes to the stakeholder register C) Because it communicates changes to the stakeholders D) Because it communicates changes about the stakeholders to management

C) Because it communicates changes to the stakeholders The change log will help Holly manage stakeholder engagement because she will need to relay information about changes to the appropriate parties. Change can be a sensitive issue in some instances, so always examine the change and think through all the possible scenarios and reactions the stakeholders may have to the change.

You are the project manager for a new technology implementation project. Management has requested that your estimates be as exact as possible. Which one of the following methods of estimating will provide the most accurate estimate? A) Top-down estimating B) Top-down budgeting C) Bottom-up estimating D) Parametric estimating

C) Bottom-up estimating Bottom-up estimating takes the longest to complete of all the estimating approaches, but it is also the most reliable approach.

Which one of the following is an example of resource cost rates that a project manager could use to predict the cost of the project? A) Analogous estimating B) Bottom-up estimating C) Commercial database D) Procurement bid analysis

C) Commercial database Commercial databases often provide resource cost rates for project estimating, so this is the correct answer for this question.

You are about to begin negotiations on a new project that is to take place in another country. Which of the following should be your guide on what business practices are allowed and discouraged? A) The project charter B) The project plan C) Company policies and procedures D) The Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct

C) Company policies and procedures

In executing the Close Project process, you have created a final project report, transferred the final product to the ownership of the customer, and dismissed your project team. You believe that you can now formally close the project. What activity have you forgotten to complete? A) Obtain approval from the project sponsor B) Formally acknowledge the success of the team C) Complete and archive the lessons learned register and all project documents D) Close the charter document

C) Complete and archive the lessons learned register and all project documents To fully complete the Close Project or Phase process, you must ensure that all project documents are updated, marked as final, and archived.

Part of stakeholder management is the reliance on interpersonal skills. Which one of the following is an interpersonal skill? A) Facilitation B) Analysis of product scope C) Conflict resolution D) Influence

C) Conflict resolution

A project manager has elected not to enforce safety measures on his construction project. One of the project team members has been injured because of their oversight, and the job site is closed until an investigation into the lack of safety measures is completed. The project will now likely be late, and your company will be fined for the error and will lose credibility with the customer. This is an example of which of the following? A) Risk B) Trigger C) Cost of nonconformance to quality D) Cost of conformance to quality

C) Cost of nonconformance to quality This is an example of the cost of nonconformance to quality, also called the cost of poor quality. The project manager should have followed appropriate safety measures for the job site; costs associated with the safety measures are considered part of D, the cost of conformance to quality.

Which of the following is not a goal of the Initiating Process Group? A) Define the project B) Obtain project approval C) Define the scope D) Identify and start to understand the stakeholders

C) Define the scope The scope is defined in the Planning Process Group.

What is the difference between crashing activities and fast tracking activities?

Crashing refers to the addition of resources to reduce the time required to complete an activity. Fast tracking refers to the reorganization of sequential activities into parallel activities to reduce the time required to complete the activities.

You are the project manager for the BNH Project. This project takes place in a different country than where you are from. The project leader from this country presents a team of workers who are all from his family. What should you do? A) Reject the team leader's recommendations, and assemble your own project team. B) Review the resumes and qualifications of the proposed project team before approving the team. C) Determine whether the country's traditions include hiring from the immediate family before hiring from outside the family. D) Replace the project leader with an impartial project leader.

C) Determine whether the country's traditions include hiring from the immediate family before hiring from outside the family.

You are the project manager of the 12BA Project. You have completed the project according to the design documents and have met the project scope. The customer agrees that the design document requirements have been met; however, the customer is not pleased with the project deliverables and is demanding additional adjustments be made to complete the project. What is the best way to continue? A) Complete the work as the customer has requested. B) Complete the work at 1.5 times the billable rate. C) Do nothing. The project scope is completed. D) Do nothing. Management from the performing organization and the customer's organization will need to determine why the project failed before adding work.

C) Do nothing. The project scope is completed. When the project scope has been completed, the project is completed. Any additional work, without a contract change or new contract

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a bidder conference? A) Defined meeting to provide detailed information B) Allows all sellers the opportunity to ask questions C) Each seller can only hear the responses to their questions D) Non-disclosure agreements (NDAs) are often required

C) Each seller can only hear the responses to their questions It is critical that no seller be provide preferential treatment in the bidder conference. By its nature the conference is open, and all sellers are provided the exact same information and can hear the responses to all questions.

You are the project manager of the KMH Project. This project is slated to last eight years. You have just calculated EVM and have a cost variance (CV) of -$3,500, which is outside of the acceptable thresholds for your project. What type of report is needed for management? A) Progress report B) Forecast report C) Exception report D) Trends report

C) Exception report

You are the project manager of the SRQ City Network Project for your company. You will be managing the selection of several vendors to participate in this process and your project team wants to know when seller selection actually happens. In what process group does the select seller event happen? A) Initiating B) Planning C) Executing D) Closing

C) Executing The select seller event happens during the execution process group. The process is the conduct procurement process and is based primarily on the outcomes of the procurement planning process.

You are working with your project team to schedule activities for your construction project. You have scheduled the painting activities to be completed before the carpet installation activity may begin. The relationship between the painting activity and carpet installation activity can best be described as which of the following? A) Lag B) Lead C) Finish-to-start D) Start-to-finish

C) Finish-to-start The painting activity must finish first, and then the carpet installation activity can begin. An activity relationship type that requires the current activity to be finished before its successor can start.

Mike is the project manager for a project with a very tight schedule. The project is running late, and Mike believes that he does not have time to consider all the possible solutions that two team members are in disagreement over. He quickly decides to go with the team member with the larges amount of seniority. This is an example of which of the following? A) Problem-solving B) Compromising C) Forcing D) Withdrawal

C) Forcing Forcing happens when the project manager makes a decision based on factors that are not relevant to the problem. Just because a team member has more seniority does not mean this individual is correct.

You are the project manager in an organization with a weak matrix. Your project team will come from three different lines of business within the organization and they are also working on at least two other projects. Who will have the authority in your project? A) The project manager B) The customer C) Functional management D) The team leader

C) Functional management In a weak matrix structure, functional management will have more authority than the project manager.

You are the project manager for a seller and are managing another company's project. Things have gone well on the project, and the work is nearly complete. There is still a significant amount of funds in the project budget. The buyer's representative approaches you and asks that you complete some optional requirements to use up the remaining budget. You should do what? A) Negotiate a change in the contract to take on the additional work B) Complete a contract change for the additional work C) Gain the approval of the project stakeholder for the requested work D) Deny the change because it was not in the original contract

C) Gain the approval of the project stakeholder for the requested work Any additional work is a change in the project scope. Changes to the project scope should be approved by the mechanisms in the contract change control system. The stakeholder needs to approve the changes to the project scope.

Beth is the project manager for a large healthcare project. She is working with the project sponsor to define the steps she'll use to perform stakeholder analysis. Which of the following correctly defines the steps for stakeholder analysis? A) Identify and document the stakeholder information, create a communications management plan, plan for stakeholder management B) Identify and document the stakeholder information, prioritize and classify the stakeholders, create the communications management plan for stakeholder management C) Identify and document the stakeholder information, prioritize and classify the stakeholders, plan for stakeholder management D) Create a focus group for known stakeholders, identify and document the stakeholder information, prioritize and classify the stakeholders, plan for stakeholder management

C) Identify and document the stakeholder information, prioritize and classify the stakeholders, plan for stakeholder management Of all the choices presented, C is the best answer. Stakeholder identification starts with the project manager identifying and documenting the stakeholders' contact information, knowledge, expectations of the project, and their level of influence over project decisions. Then the project manager must prioritize and classify stakeholders based on their power, influence, expectations, and concerns for the project. Finally, Beth should plan for managing the stakeholders based on possible negative or positive scenarios in the project that may affect the stakeholders.

Linda is the project manager of a manufacturing project. She and her project team are using design of experiments to look for ways to improve quality. Which of the following best describes design of experiments? A) It enables the project manager to move the relationship of activities to complete the project work with the best resources available. B) It enables the project manager to experiment with the project design to determine what variables are causing the flaws. C) It enables the project manager to experiment with variables to attempt to improve quality. D) It enables the project manager to experiment with the project design document to become more productive and to provide higher quality.

C) It enables the project manager to experiment with variables to attempt to improve quality. Design of experiments uses experiments and "what-if" scenarios to determine what variables are affecting quality.

Performance reporting should generally provide information on all of the following except for which one? A) Scope B) Schedule C) Labor issues D) Quality

C) Labor issues

You have an emergency on your project. You have hired a vendor who is to start work immediately. What contract is needed now? A) T&M B) Fixed-price C) Letter contract D) Incentive contract

C) Letter contract For immediate work, a letter contract may suffice. The intent of the letter contract is to allow the vendor to get to work immediately to solve the project problem.

Bradley is the project manager of the Warehouse Remodeling Project for his company. He is in the process of determining which contracts to use in this project. His company is risk-averse, so the correct choice of contract is important to Bradley. Of the following contract types, which one requires the seller to assume the risk of cost overruns? A) Cost plus fixed fee B) Cost plus incentive fee C) Lump-sum D) Time and materials

C) Lump-sum A lump-sum contract provides a fixed fee to complete the contract; the seller absorbs any cost overruns.

You are using a previous similar project to predict the costs of the current project. Which of the following best describes analogous estimating? A) Regression analysis B) Bottom-up estimating C) Organizational process assets D) Enterprise environmental factors

C) Organizational process assets Analogous estimating is based on historical information, which is part of organizational process assets.

Frances is the project manager of the LKJ Project. Which of the following techniques will she use to create the risk management plan? A) Risk tolerance B) Status meetings C) Planning meetings D) Variance meetings

C) Planning meetings

Ned is the project manager of the NHQ Project and he's meeting with a few key stakeholders to determine their roles, interests, concerns, influence, and attitudes about the project. What type of meeting is Ned hosting? A) Kickoff meeting B) Stakeholder classification meeting C) Profile analysis meeting D) Stakeholder status meeting

C) Profile analysis meeting

You are the project manager for the Photo Scanning Project. This project is similar to another project you have completed. This project will electronically store thousands of photos for your city's historical society. Quality is paramount on this project. Management approaches you and asks why you have devoted so much of the project time to planning. Your response is which of the following? A) This is a first-time, first-use project, so more time is needed for planning. B) Planning for a project of this size, with this amount of quality, is mandatory. C) Quality is planned into a project, not inspected in. D) Quality audits are part of the planning time.

C) Quality is planned into a project, not inspected in. Quality is planned into the project, and the planning requires time.

Management has asked you to define the correlation between quality and the project scope. Which of the following is the best answer? A) The project scope includes metrics for quality. B) Quality metrics are applied to the project scope. C) Quality is the process of completing the scope to meet stated or implied needs. D) Quality is the process of evaluating the project scope to ensure that quality exists.

C) Quality is the process of completing the scope to meet stated or implied needs.

You are the project manager of the PMH Project. You have been contracted to design the placement of several pieces of manufacturing equipment. You have completed the project scope and are ready to pass the work over to the installer. The installer begins to schedule you to help with the installation of the manufacturing equipment. What should you do? A) Help the installer place the equipment according to the design documents. B) Help the installer place the equipment as the customer sees fit. C) Refuse to help the installer, since the project scope has been completed. D) Help the installer place the equipment, but insist that the quality control be governed by your design specifications.

C) Refuse to help the installer, since the project scope has been completed. When the project scope is completed, the contract is fulfilled and the project is done. Any new work items should not be sent through. In this instance, the contract change control system should be invoked, or a new contract should be created.

As a contracted project manager, you have been assigned a project with a budget of $1.5 million. The project is scheduled to last seven months, but your most recent earned value management (EVM) report shows that the project will finish ahead of schedule by nearly six weeks. If this happens you will lose $175,000 in billable time. What should you do? A) Bill for the entire $1.5 million, since this was the approved budget. B) Bill for the $1.5 million by adding additional work at the end of the project. C) Report to the customer the project status and completion date. D) Report to the customer the project status and completion date, and ask if they'd like to add any features to account for the monies not spent.

C) Report to the customer the project status and completion date. An honest and accurate assessment of the project work is always required.

David, one of your project team members, has been making changes to his work, which, as a result, changes the project scope. David's changes are also known as what? A) Gold plating B) Scope control defect C) Scope creep D) Improvised scope composition

C) Scope creep Undocumented changes are examples of scope creep

You need to procure a highly specialized chemical for a research project. There is only one vendor available that provides the materials you need. This scenario is an estimate of what market condition? A) Constraint B) Single source C) Sole source D) Oligopoly

C) Sole source Sole source is the best choice because it describes the marketplace condition in which only one vendor can provide the goods or services your project requires.

You are the project manager of a large technology project for your company. This project will span the United States and parts of Europe. There are key stakeholders in all countries represented. As part of your stakeholder analysis, you'd like to create a document that captures all of the stakeholders' contact information, assessment information, and classification in the project. What type of document are you creating? A) Stakeholder directory B) Stakeholder engagement plan C) Stakeholder register D) Stakeholder communications matrix

C) Stakeholder register The stakeholder register is the only output of stakeholder identification. It's a log of all the stakeholder information you've gathered in the project. It will help you communicate with project stakeholders; ensure that you understand the stakeholders needs, wants, and expectations; and help you classify stakeholder objectives and priorities.

You are the project manager of the MMB Project. What document has the team values, communication guidelines, and conflict resolution process for your project? A) Scope statement B) Project management plan C) Team charter D) Resource management plan

C) Team charter The team charter contains the team values, communication guidelines, ground rules, and conflict resolution process for the project.

Ruth is a project management expert and consultant for businesses creating project management offices. Ruth's current client wants help to improve risk identification. Which one of the following is an acceptable tool for risk identification? A) Decision tree analysis B) Decomposition of the project scope C) The Delphi Technique D) Pareto charting

C) The Delphi Technique The Delphi Technique, an anonymous risk identification method, is the correct answer.

In the accompanying illustration, what does the circled area represent? A) Out-of-control data points B) In-control data points C) The Rule of Seven D) Standard deviation

C) The Rule of Seven The circled area shows seven consecutive sampling results, all on one side of the mean. This is known as the Rule of Seven and is an assignable cause.

You are the project manager for the JHG Project. Management has requested that you create a document detailing what information will be expected from stakeholders and to whom that information will be disseminated. Management is asking for which one of the following? A) The roles and responsibilities matrix B) The scope management plan C) The communications management plan D) The communications worksheet

C) The communications management plan Management is requesting a communications management plan, which details the requirements and expectations for communicating information among the project stakeholders.

You are the project manager of the Communications Project for your organization. Management has stressed that you use privity throughout this project. Privity is what? A) The relationship between the project manager and a known vendor B) The relationship between the project manager and an unknown vendor C) The contractual, confidential information between customer and vendor D) The professional information regarding the sale between customer and vendor

C) The contractual, confidential information between customer and vendor

You are creating a new contract for some procured work in the project. Your manager wants you to define how issues and claims will be resolved, including the possibility of any lawsuits related to the procured work. The United States backs all contracts through which of the following? A) Federal law B) State law C) The court system D) Lawyers

C) The court system

You are working with your project team to respond to some delays in the project schedule. You have elected to crash the project schedule, and management wants to know what effect this will have on the project as a whole. What happens when a project manager elects to crash a project? A) The project will end early. B) The project will end on time. C) The project costs will increase. D) The project team morale will decrease.

C) The project costs will increase. Crashing adds cost to the project because it adds labor, and labor costs money.

Britney is the project manager of the FTG Software Project. She's relying on the project scope to help her analyze the procurement needs of the project. The project scope statement can help a project manager create procurement details. Which one of the following best describes this process? A) The project scope statement defines the contracted work. B) The project scope statement defines the requirements for the contract work. C) The project scope statement defines the contracted work, which must support the requirements of the project customer. D) Both parties must have and retain their own copy of the product description.

C) The project scope statement defines the contracted work, which must support the requirements of the project customer. The project scope statement defines the details and requirements for acceptance of the project, serves as a valuable input to the process of determining what needs to be procured, and defines what the end result will be. When dealing with vendors to procure a portion of the project, the procured work must support the requirements of the project's customer.

Mary is the project manager of the JHG Project. She has created a procurement statement of work (SOW) for a vendor. What project component is the procurement SOW based on? A) The project scope statement B) The work breakdown structure (WBS) C) The scope baseline D) The WBS dictionary

C) The scope baseline

You are the project manager for the LMG Project. Your project will have several human resource issues that must be coordinated and approved by the union. Which of the following statements is correct about this scenario? A) The union is considered a resource constraint. B) The union is considered a management constraint C) The union is considered a project stakeholder D) The union is considered a project team member

C) The union is considered a project stakeholder In this instance, the union is considered a project stakeholder because it has a vested interest in the project's outcome.

Which of the following estimating techniques uses the triangular distribution mathematical equation to incorporate risk and uncertainty into the estimate? A) Bottom-up estimating B) Parametric estimating C) Three-point estimating D) Analogous estimating

C) Three-point estimating

You are the project manager of the KLJH Project. This project will last two years and has 30 stakeholders. How often should risk identification take place? A) Once at the beginning of the project B) Throughout the execution processes C) Throughout the project D) Once per project phase

C) Throughout the project

The stakeholder engagement matrix is used to visually compare which two levels of stakeholder engagement?

Current vs. desired engagement

Gary is the project manager of the HBA Update Project and his company has hired you as a project management consultant. Gary is confused about the timing of some of the project management processes. In particular, Gary doesn't understand the concept, purpose, and timing of the lessons learned documentation. He asks for your help. When does lessons learned identification take place? A) At the end of the project B) At the end of each project phase C) Throughout the project life cycle D) Whenever a lesson has been learned

C) Throughout the project life cycle

Which of the following is not a desired characteristic of a proper risk response plan? A) Appropriate B) Cost-effective C) Timely D) Realistic

C) Timely Risk response plans should be appropriate, cost-effective, and realistic

Complete this sentence: A project risk is a(n) __________ occurrence that can affect the project for good or bad. A) Known B) Potential C) Uncertain D) Known unknown

C) Uncertain Risks are not planned; they are left to chance. The accommodation and the reaction to a risk can be planned, but the event itself is not planned. If risks could be planned, Las Vegas would be out of business.

You are the project manager for the CSR Training Project, and 21,000 customer service reps are invited to attend the training session. Attendance is optional. You have calculated the costs of the training facility, but the workbook expenses depends on how many students register for the class. For every 5,000 workbooks created, the cost is reduced by a percentage of the original printing cost. The workbook expense is an example of which one of the following? A) Fixed costs B) Parametric costs C) Variable costs D) Indirect costs

C) Variable costs This is an example of a variable cost, since the cost of the training will fluctuate based on the number of participants who choose to come to the project session.

Given the following information: ✑ Activity A takes one week. ✑ Activity B takes three weeks. ✑ Activity C takes two weeks. ✑ Activity D takes five weeks. ✑ Activity A starts at the same time as Activity B. ✑ Activity C follows Activity B and Activity A. ✑ Activity D follows Activity C. How long will it take to complete the project? A. 8 weeks B. 9 weeks C. 10 weeks D. 11 weeks

C. 10 weeks

A new project has been set. Four main stakeholders besides the project manager and four other team members have been identified. How many communication channels are available? A. 8 B. 18 C. 36 D. 40

C. 36

Your organization utilizes projects, programs, and portfolios. Some of the project team members are confused about what a program is. A program is which one of the following: A. A very large, complex project B. A collection of small projects with a common goal C. A collection of projects with a common objective D. A collection of subprojects with a common customer

C. A collection of projects with a common objective A program is a collection of projects that are completed together to gain benefits by managing the projects as a group rather than on an individual basis.

Harold is the project manager of the JHG Project for his company and he's meeting with the key stakeholders to describe the deliverables of the project that will be implemented. Hanna, one of the stakeholders, is confused about why Harold talks about results of the project that aren't necessarily implemented. As an example, Harold says that a project creates a unique product, service, or result. Which one of the following is a result? A. A new piece of software B. A new airplane C. A feasibility study D. A call center

C. A feasibility study The PMBOK Guide classifies the concept of creating a feasibility study as a result. A, B, and D describe products and services.

A series of activities to create a unique product or service by a specific date is best described as which one of the following? A. A program B. An operation C. A project D. A subproject

C. A project A project is a temporary endeavor to create a unique product, service, or result. Deadlines and cost constraints are tied to the project.

Holly is a new project manager and she's working toward her CAPM certification. She is having some trouble understanding which processes she should implement in her new project based on the available processes in the PMBOK Guide. Of the following, which statement is correct? A. A project manager must use every process identified within the PMBOK Guide on every project. B. A project must use every tool and technique as identified within the PMBOK Guide on every project. C. A project manager must use the most appropriate processes on every project. D. A project manager must agree that she will use all of the project management tools and techniques on every project.

C. A project manager must use the most appropriate processes on every project. A project manager does not have to sue all of the processes within the PMBOK Guide - only the most appropriate ones.

You are the manager of a research group that is developing a new chemical material. You hire a person from a competing company who has a great deal of expertise in this area. The person contributes greatly to the progress of your project. During conversation with the person you determine that many of this person's ideas were developed by the competing company. What do you do? A. Tell the person that he or she should not mention that the ideas came from another company B. Sign a nondisclosure agreement with this person before he or she leaves your company C. Accept the new ideas D. Investigate the employee for security reasons

C. Accept the new ideas

A scope change has been approved in Marcy's project. All the following must be updated to reflect the change except for which one? A) The project scope statement B) The WBS C) The WBS dictionary D) Defect repair review

D) Defect repair review Defect repair review does not require a change request, so this choice is correct.

You are the project manager for your organization. Your current project has more than 100 stakeholders. Some of the stakeholders have competing objectives and are trying to leverage your projects to meet their personal objectives. Influencing your organization requires which of the following? A. An understanding of the organizational budget B. Research and documentation of proven business cases C. An understanding of formal and informal organizational systems D. Positional power

C. An understanding of formal and informal organizational systems To influence an organization (to get things done), a project manager must understand the explicit and implied organizational system within an organization.

You are the project manager for a large project. Some members of the project team have come to you and asked that they be permitted to work on a flexible schedule. Some of the other team members feel that it is important that all team members be on site at all times unless they are absent for business reasons. What should you do? A. Turn down the request for flexible time schedules B. Accept the request for flexible time schedules C. Arrange a meeting of the project team members and allow them to decided. D. Discuss this problem with your manager and act on the results of the meeting

C. Arrange a meeting of the project team members and allow them to decided.

You are the project manager for a high visibility project. The margin on this project is low, and it is extremely important that the cost estimates for the work on the project be accurate. While reviewing the cost estimates for this project you notice that one of the cost estimates for an element in the WBS is 10% higher than two previous projects for very similar work. What should you do? A. Accept the estimate because you trust all of the people on your project team, and they are responsible for estimates B. Reduce the estimate and add the additional budget to the management reserve C. Ask the person responsible for the estimate to explain the difference and bring supporting information to you D. Reduce the estimate and add the additional budget to the contingency reserve

C. Ask the person responsible for the estimate to explain the difference and bring supporting information to you

You are the project manager for a large project that is completed on time and on budget. The customer and all of the stakeholders are pleased with the results. As a direct result of the successful completion of the project, your manager approves a bonus of $25,000 for you. There are fifteen members of the project team. One of the people in the project team has been a very low contributor to the project; the other fourteen have all been above standard. What should you do with the money? A. Keep the money yourself; you deserve it. And the manager gave it to you B. Divide the money equally among all the team members C. Ask the team members how they would divide the money D. Divide the money equally among the team members except for the substandard team member

C. Ask the team members how they would divide the money

Configuration management is a process for applying technical and administrative direction and surveillance of the project implementation. Which activity is NOT included in configuration management? A. Controlling changes to the project deliverables B. A method to communicate changes to stakeholders C. Automatic change request approvals D. Identification of the functional and physical attributes of the project deliverables

C. Automatic change request approvals Change requests should not be automatically approved. All documented change requests should flow through the change control system, be evaluated, and then a decision should be made.

Teresa is the project manager for her department. She has been working with her manager to examine her skills and her career. Her manager believes that Teresa should take more training in project management information system to make her a better project manager in her organization. Teresa agrees, though she feels that she doesn't know much about the project management information system her department uses. In the five steps of competence, where is Teresa with this realization? A. Unconsciously competent B. Consciously competent C. Consciously incompetent D. Unconsciously incompetent

C. Consciously incompetent Teresa is consciously incompetent because she is aware that she needs more training to be competent in a new skill.

As a PMP candidate you should be familiar with the PMI Talent Triangle. You'll be earning professional development units to maintain your PMP certification status once you've cleared the exam. Of the following choices, which answer is not part of the PMI Talent Triangle? A. Leadership B. Technical project management C. Continuing education D. Strategic and business management

C. Continuing education

Nancy is a project manager for the NHG Corporation. She has identified several positive stakeholders for her construction project and a few negative stakeholders. Nancy and the project team have been meeting regularly with the positive stakeholders, but have not met with the negative stakeholders. Mike, the chief project officer from the PMO, tells Nancy she needs to meet with the negative stakeholders as quickly as possible. What type of PMO is Nancy working with? A. Consultative B. Directive C. Controlling D. Supportive

C. Controlling Nancy cannot simply ignore the negative stakeholders. Their influence on the project may cause the project to fail. Nancy must work with the negative stakeholders to squelch their protests, or consider their demands to ensure compliance or agreement with their issues.

You are the project manager of the KHGT Project, which will span four countries around the world. You will need to consider all of the following characteristics of the international and political environment except for which one? A. International, national, regional, and local laws B. Customs C. Customers D. Holidays

C. Customers Customers are not part of the international and political environment.

In an agile or adaptive environment, when should risk be monitored and prioritized? A. Only during the Initiation and Closing phases B. During the Initiation and Planning phases C. During each iteration as the project progresses D. Throughout the Planning process group and retrospective meeting

C. During each iteration as the project progresses

What should a project manager use to determine how much money is needed to complete a project? A. Earned value management (EVM) B. Estimate at completion (EAC) C. Earned value analysis (EVA) D. Budget at completion (BAC)

C. Earned value analysis (EVA)

Which are required to create the schedule management plan? A. Scope baseline, work breakdown structure (WBS), estimated costs, and milestone list B. Resource management plan, organizational process assets, activity list, and business case C. Enterprise environmental factors, organizational process assets, project charter, and project management plan D. Activity list, project statement of work, project charter, and communications management plan

C. Enterprise environmental factors, organizational process assets, project charter, and project management plan

You are the project manager for your organization and you're working with the project team to explain the approach of the project life cycle and how you'll be managing changes to the project scope. Your company is a weak matrix company; who will make decisions on change control? A. Project manager B. Project team C. Functional manager D. PMO

C. Functional manager In a weak matrix, the functional manager has more authority than the project manager and will make project decisions.

Which are the most important competencies required for a project manager? A. Leadership, bilingualism, experience, and technical knowledge B. PMP certification, experience, technical knowledge, and post-graduate education C. Leadership, strategic and business management, project management knowledge, and technical knowledge D. Communication skills, project management knowledge, PMP certification, and availability to travel

C. Leadership, strategic and business management, project management knowledge, and technical knowledge

Your organization would like to create a new product based on market research. This new product will be created by a project. This is an example of which one of the following reasons to launch a new project? A. Organizational need B. Customer request C. Market demand D. Legal requirement

C. Market demand Projects can be created for a number of reasons, and this example supports the market demand choice.

As the project manager, you must work with your project team to identify the project phases within the project schedule. To help with this identification, you are using the project plan and project documents from a completed and similar project. These project files are commonly known as what term? A. Enterprise environmental factors B. Lessons learned C. Organizational process assets D. Supportive PMO

C. Organizational process assets

A project manager needs five areas of expertise to be successful. Which of the following is not one of the five areas of expertise? A. Application area knowledge B. An understanding of the project environment C. PMP or CAPM certification D. Interpersonal skills

C. PMP or CAPM certification Believe it or not, you don't have to be a PMP or CAPM to be a successful project manager.

Larger projects generally utilize more processes with more depth than smaller projects. What term is assigned to customization of processes within a project? A. Process mapping B. Process configuration C. Process tailoring D. Process selection

C. Process tailoring Project tailoring enables the project manager to tailor the processes selected and the depth of their execution to what's most appropriate for the project. Not all projects need all processes.

A group of related projects that are managed in a coordinated way that usually include an element of ongoing activity is called a: A. Major project B. Project office C. Program D. Group of projects

C. Program

The project manager is creating the communications management plan. Which group of inputs is required to begin? A. Work performance reports, change requests, and risk register B. Work performance data, project documents, and stakeholder engagement plan C. Project charter, project management plan, and project documents D. Work performance data, stakeholder register, and team management plan

C. Project charter, project management plan, and project documents

You have an excellent idea for a new project that can increase productivity by 20 percent in your organization. Management, however, declines to approve the proposed project because too many resources are already devoted to other projects. You have just experienced what? A. Parametric modeling B. Management by exception C. Project portfolio management D. Management reserve

C. Project portfolio management This is the management, selection, and assignment of projects that support an organization's business objectives.

You are a project manager working on a project to market a new product. The deliverables of the project have been established, and the project work has begun. A contract to deliver the deliverables has been signed. The customer who has signed the contract has telephoned you to request additional work to be done on the project. This work will affect the budget but not the schedule of the project. This project has a high priority with your company. What should you so next? A. Do what the customer asks you to do and add the additional requirements to the original contract B. Refuse the request and send a memo to your management explaining the situation C. Respond to the customer's request by explaining the change procedure and asking that he or she submit a request for change. D. Arrange to meet with the project team to discuss this change

C. Respond to the customer's request by explaining the change procedure and asking that he or she submit a request for change.

Holly is the project manager for her company and her team likes working for her. Holly has a good attitude, is easy to work with, and is a good planner. The project team views Holly as a member of management who can give them a good review and possibly affect a bonus payment if the project is completed on time. What type of power does this project manager have? A. Punitive B. Situational C. Reward D. Guilt-based

C. Reward When the project team sees the project manager as someone who can reward them, the project manager has reward power.

Project managers and functional managers need to be able to recognize a condition that is best suited for a project and a condition that is an operation within an entity. Which one of the following is an example of operations? A. Creating a new community park B. Designing a new car C. Sending monthly invoices to an organization's 25,000 customers D. Removing an old server and replacing it with a newer one

C. Sending monthly invoices to an organization's 25,000 customers

Dwight was the project lead for the IT Upgrade Project while Jim was serving as the project manager. Due to a family emergency, Jim has stepped down from the project and has taken a leave of absence. Management has asked that Dwight now serve as the project manager for the remainder of the project. What type of power does Dwight now have? A. Personal B. Expert C. Situational D. Reward

C. Situational Dwight now has situational power. This project manager has power because of certain situations in the organization.

You are managing a project and the customer's engineer visits your facility on an inspection and general getting acquainted tour. During the tour they make the comment that the parts that are being designed should be in stainless steel instead of plain steel with enamel. What should you do? A. Authorize the change in design to your engineers B. Continue with the present design C. Speak to the visiting engineers and discuss having an informal meeting between your engineers and the visiting engineers D. Ask the visiting engineers to submit a change proposal to the change system

C. Speak to the visiting engineers and discuss having an informal meeting between your engineers and the visiting engineers

A person who is involved in or may be affected by the activities or anyone who has something to gain or lose by the activity of the project is called a: A. Team member B. Customer C. Stakeholder D. Supporter

C. Stakeholder

A project manager makes a narrative description of the work that must be done for her project. This is called: A. Project plan B. Control chart C. Statement of work D. Project objective

C. Statement of work

Understanding the enterprise environmental factors is an important part of your role as a project manager and on the PMI exams. Of the following choices, which one is not an enterprise environmental factor? A. Employee capability B. Infrastructure C. Templates D. Organizational culture

C. Templates

Fred is the project manager of a bridge construction project. His organization and the city inspectors both have an interest in the success and overall performance of the project and have asked Fred to identify the approach he'll use to measure and report project performance. Which one of the following measures project performance? A. WBS B. The project plan C. The earned value management technique D. The work authorization system

C. The earned value management technique The earned value technique, commonly called earned value management (EVM), measures project performance on several factors, including cost and schedule.

In a centralized organization, who is in control of the project budget? A. The comptroller B. The project manager C. The functional manager D. The project sponsor

C. The functional manager A centralized structure is also known as a functional structure. In this environment, the functional manager is in charge of the project budget.

Projects are temporary endeavors to create a unique product, service, or result. Which one of the following does not relate to the concept of "temporary" in project management? A. The project team B. The market window status on which the project is capitalizing C. The project deliverable D. The project management

C. The project deliverable Most projects create a deliverable that will outlive the project itself. A, B, and D are incorrect because these attributes are temporary in nature.

When considering the selection of projects to be initiated, projects portfolio management considers all of the following except for which one? A. Risk/reward categories B. Lines of business C. The project manager's experience D. General types of projects

C. The project manager's experience While the experience of the project manager is likely considered during the assignment of projects, it is not considered during project portfolio management.

A project manager is assigned to a project early in the project lifecycle. One of the things that must be done is to do a justification for the project. Since very little information is known about the project, the estimates are considered to be rough estimates. The following table is the project manager's estimate of the cash flow that will take place over the next five years. End of Year - Cash Flow In - Cash Flow Out 1 - 0 - 500,000 2 - 300,000 - 90,000 3 - 400,000 - 100,000 4 - 100,000 - 175,000 5 - 50,000 - 35,000 What is the payback period for this project? A. One Year B. Two Years C. Three Years D. Four Years

C. Three Years

The project team is inspecting the completed project scope to determine if the requirements have been satisfied. What is the result of this inspection? A. Accepted deliverables B. Planning packages C. Verified deliverables D. Work packages

C. Verified deliverables

A project is in progress and about to move to a different phase, according to the plan. This will be a good opportunity for the project manager to: A. create the project management plan. B. identify the project objectives. C. review and update stakeholder engagement. D. create the schedule baseline.

C. review and update stakeholder engagement.

__________ are submitted to correct current and potential project performance issues.

Change Requests

Name the simple, yet powerful, data gathering technique used to gather attribute data while performing inspections (ie: defects).

Check sheets

What are the key outputs of the Control Procurement process?

Closed procurements, work performance information, change requests, document updates The goal of the Control Procurements process is to continually evaluate the progress of the procurements and make proper adjustments so that the contract can be completed on time and budget. The closed procurements signify the successful completion of the contract.

Name the conflict resolution technique aimed at creating a win-win situation where both parties' viewpoints are share and incorporated?

Collaborate / problem solve

A trained facilitator is often used in the __________ process to obtain requirements from stakeholders and others with expert judgement.

Collect Requirements

What is the equation for calculating communication channels?

Communication channels = N x (N - 1) / 2 N = number of stakeholders

During which process is the final agreement and contract with a seller completed?

Conduct Procurements

Due to a company reorganization, the project sponsor was recently terminated and the project was canceled. What action should the project manager take first upon being informed of this?

Conduct lessons learned Regardless of whether a project is completed fully or terminated before completion, lessons learned must be captured and recorded. These lessons learned help to inform future projects.

What's the difference between contingency reserves and management reserves?

Contingency reserves address known-unknowns (for example, the project manager expects rework but the exact amount is unknown). Management reserves address unknown-unknowns (unforeseen work).

When creating the cost baseline in the Determine Budget process, __________ reserves are included in the baseline, but __________ reserves are not included.

Contingency reserves are included, Management reserves are not included.

The team has used a chart to determine whether or not a process is stable. Which chart have they leveraged?

Control Chart

The deliverables produced by the Direct and Manage Project Work process are evaluated to confirm they meet quality standards during which process?

Control Quality

The verified deliverables that are produced as outputs by the __________ process are the main inputs leveraged by the Validate Scope process.

Control Quality The verified deliverables produced by the Control Quality process are what are evaluated for formal customer acceptance in the Validate Scope process.

The __________ variable determines if the project is ahead or behind the budget defined in the cost baseline.

Cost Variance (CV) The cost variance (CV) determines the amount of budget deficit or surplus at a given time.

What two components comprise the cost of quality?

Cost of conformance and cost of nonconformance

Which type of contract is used when the scope of work is expected to change significantly during the project.

Cost-reimbursable contract The seller is reimbursed for all allowable costs (per contract)

A project had a budget of $750,000 and was completed on time. The project expenses, however, were 15 percent more than what the project called for. What is the earned value of this project? A) It is impossible to know, as not enough information has been given B) $112,500 C) $637,500 D) $750,000

D) $750,000 The earned value is simply the percent complete times the BAC. In this instance, the project's budget was $750,000, and since the project is 100 percent complete, the answer is D.

You are presented with the following table: Risk Event 1 | Probability .20 | Impact Cost/Benefit -4,000 | EMV ____ Risk Event 2 | Probability .50 | Impact Cost/Benefit 5,000 | EMV ____ Risk Event 3 | Probability .45 | Impact Cost/Benefit -300 | EMV ____ Risk Event 4 | Probability .22 | Impact Cost/Benefit 500 | EMV ____ Risk Event 5 | Probability .35 | Impact Cost/Benefit -4,500 | EMV ____ What is the EMV for Risk Event 3? A) $135 B) - $300 C) $45 D) - $135

D) - $135

You are using a triangular estimate for your project. Howard reports that his optimistic estimate is 16 hours, his most likely estimate is 24 hours, and the pessimistic estimate is 65 hours. What is the estimated duration for Howard's activity? A) You won't know until Howard actually does the work. B) 105 hours C) 24 hours D) 35 hours

D) 35 hours A triangular, or three-point, estimate takes the sum of the optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely estimates and divides it by 3.

Harold is an outspoken project team member. All of the project team members respect Harold for his experience with the technology, but often things have to go in Harold's favor; otherwise the team's in for a bumpy ride. During a discussion on a solution, a project team member waves her arms and says, "Fine, Harold, do it your way." This is an example of which of the following? A) A win-win solution B) A leave-lose solution C) A lose-lose solution D) A yield-lose solution

D) A yield-lose solution When Harold always has to win an argument and team members begin to give in to Harold's demands simply to avoid the argument rather than finding an accurate solution, this is a yield-lose situation.

You are the project manager of the AAA Project. Due to the nature of the project, much of the work will require overtime between Christmas and New Year's Day. Many of the project team members, however, have requested vacations during that week. What is the best way to continue? A) Refuse all vacation requests and require all team members to work. B) Allow vacation requests only for those team members who are not needed during that week. C) Divide tasks equally among the team members so each works the same amount of time. D) Allow team members to volunteer for the overtime work.

D) Allow team members to volunteer for the overtime work. This is the best choice for this scenario, because it allows the project team to be self-led and is sensitive to the needs of the project team.

Martha is the project manager of the MNB Project. She wants a vendor to offer her one price to do all of the detailed work. Martha will issue which type of document? A) A request for proposal (RFP) B) A request for information (RFI) C) A proposal D) An invitation for bid (IFB)

D) An invitation for bid (IFB) An invitation for bid (IFB) is a request for a sealed document that lists the seller's firm price to complete the detailed work.

You are the project manager for the PMH Project. Three vendors have submitted cost estimates for the project. One of the estimates is significantly higher than the others. In this scenario, you should do what? A) Ask the other vendors about the higher estimate from the third vendor. B) Use the cost estimates from the historical information. C) Take the high cost to the vendor to discuss the discrepancy before reviewing the issue with the other vendors. D) Ask the vendor that supplied the high estimate for information on how the estimate was prepared.

D) Ask the vendor that supplied the high estimate for information on how the estimate was prepared. Most likely, the vendor did not understand the project work to be procured, so the estimate is skewed. A clear statement of work is needed for the vendors to provide accurate estimates.

Which of the following is not one of the key objectives of the Monitor Risk process? A) Monitor the implementation of risk response plans B) Track identified risks C) Identify and analyze new risks D) Assign individuals to implement new corrective actions to eliminate new risks identified

D) Assign individuals to implement new corrective actions to eliminate new risks identified

Which document describes the necessary information to determine if a project is worth the required investment? A) Service level agreement B) Cost baseline C) Memorandum of understanding D) Business case

D) Business case

You are the project manager of the JKN Project. The project customer has requested that you inflate your cost estimates by 25 percent. He reports that his management always reduces the cost of the estimates, so this is the only method to get the monies needed to complete the project. Which of the following is the best response to this situation? A) Do as the customer asked to ensure that the project requirements can be met by adding the increase as a contingency reserve. B) Do as the customer asked to ensure that the project requirements can be met by adding the increase across each task. C) Do as the customer asked by creating an estimate for the customer's management and another for the actual project implementation. D) Complete an accurate estimate of the project. In addition, create a risk assessment on why the project budget would be inadequate.

D) Complete an accurate estimate of the project. In addition, create a risk assessment on why the project budget would be inadequate. It would be inappropriate to bloat the project costs by 25 percent. A risk assessment describing how the project may fail if the budget is not accurate is most appropriate.

You are coaching several new project managers on effective control of stakeholder engagement. The project managers are confused as to why the change requests come from this project. What is the most likely type of change that will come from monitoring stakeholder engagements? A) Technology change B) Errors or omissions in requirements C) External changes D) Corrective actions

D) Corrective actions Defects are changes that have already happened. A defect is a change that differs from what was planned in the project. A defect to be solved requires a change through a corrective action to get the results back in alignment with the project scope.

A project team member has asked you what a scope statement is. Which of the following is a characteristic of a project scope statement? A) Defines the scope baseline for the project B) Defines the requirements for each project within the organization C) Defines the roles and responsibilities of each project team member D) Defines the project deliverables and the work needed to create those deliverables

D) Defines the project deliverables and the work needed to create those deliverables

Which of the following is not an objective of the Monitoring and Controlling Process Group? A) Track, review, and regulate project progress and performance B) Identify areas in which changes to the plans are required and initiate change requests where needed C) Objectively evaluate and formally accept project deliverables D) Deliver project deliverables, once completed, to the customer

D) Deliver project deliverables, once completed, to the customer While the project team does ensure that all deliverables meet the quality standards (Control Quality) and are approved by the customer (Validate Scope), no deliverable is officially transferred to the customer until the end of the project in the Close Project or Phase process.

You are the project manager of the BlueSky Network Upgrade Project. You have 15 project team members and you're speaking with them about the importance of communication. You show them the communications model and give examples of each of the components of the model. One of the project team members asks for an example of noise. Of the following, which one is an example of noise? A) Fax machine B) Ad hoc conversations C) Contractual agreements D) Distance

D) Distance Noise is anything that interferes with the transmission and understanding of a message. Distance is an example of noise.

Sammy is the project manager of the DSA Project. He is considering proposals and contracts presented by vendors for a portion of the project work. Of the following, which contract is least risky to the DSA Project from Sammy's perspective? A) Cost plus fixed fee B) Cost plus percentage of cost C) Cost plus incentive fee D) Fixed-price

D) Fixed-price A fixed-price contract contains the least amount of risk for a buyer. The seller assumes all of the risk.

Henry has been tasked to create a salience model for his project. This model defines three characteristics for project stakeholders. Which one of the following is not one of the three characteristics of the stakeholders mapped in the salience model? A) Power B) Urgency C) Legitimacy D) Influence

D) Influence A salience model plots out a person's power, urgency, and legitimacy in the project. It does not include their influence.

Management has asked that you create the schedule management plan to identify the different processes and procedures your project will require. During the creation of the plan, you need to identify schedule change control and its components. Schedule change control is part of which project management process? A) Change control B) Cost control C) WBS refinements D) Integrated change control

D) Integrated change control

Mary and Thomas are project managers for their organization and they're discussing risk management and risk responses. Thomas insists that an organization should never accept a project risk and Mary says that sometimes its okay. They've called on you, a project management expert, to help with this decision. When is it appropriate to accept a project risk? A) It is never appropriate to accept a project risk B) All risks must be mitigated or transferred C) It is appropriate to accept a risk if the project team has never completed this type of project work before D) It is appropriate if the risk is in balance with the reward

D) It is appropriate if the risk is in balance with the reward Risks that are in balance with the reward are appropriate for acceptance. Risk acceptance as a response planning technique to an identified risk is appropriate when the cost of a mitigation strategy is equal to or greater than the cost of the risk event to the project should the risk event occur.

You and your project team are about to enter a meeting to determine project costs. You have elected to use bottom-up estimating and will base your estimate on WBS. Which one of the following is not an attribute of bottom-up estimating? A) People doing the work create the estimates. B) It creates a more accurate estimate. C) It's more expensive to do than other methods. D) It's less expensive to do than other methods.

D) It's less expensive to do than other methods. Bottom-up estimating is typically more expensive to do than other estimating approaches, because of the time required to create this type of estimate.

You are the project manager of the HQL Project for your company. Henry, a stakeholder, is in favor of your project and he's working with you to express the importance of the project. Henry has offered to help with the project, communicate with other stakeholders, and host status meetings. What type of stakeholder is Henry? A) Supportive B) Cheerleader C) Contractual D) Leading

D) Leading

Which of the following will help you, the project manager, complete the needed communications management plan by identifying the stakeholders' communication needs? A) Identification of all communication channels B) Formal documentation of all communication channels C) Formal documentation of all stakeholders D) Lessons learned from previous similar projects

D) Lessons learned from previous similar projects Lessons learned and historical information from a previous project are ideal inputs to communications planning.

You are the project manager for the GBK Project. This project affects a line of business, and the customer is anxious about the success of the project. Which of the following is likely not a top concern for the customer? A) Project priorities B) Schedule C) Cost D) Personality conflicts

D) Personality conflicts Personality conflicts are likely a concern for the customer, but they are not as important as project priorities, schedule, and cost.

You are the project manager of a large project for your organization. Much of the project will center on new software that you'll be installing on 4500 laptops in stages. Because of the likelihood of change, you've recommended a rolling wave planning approach. Which one of the following is the best example of rolling wave planning ? A) Using expert judgment for the current project B) Using a portion of the activity list from a previous project C) Breaking down the project scope D) Planning the immediate portions of the project in detail and the future project portions at a higher level

D) Planning the immediate portions of the project in detail and the future project portions at a higher level

As a PMP and CAPM candidate, you should be familiar with the inputs, tools and techniques, and outputs of the project management processes. The management of stakeholder engagement creates five outputs. Which one of the following is not an output of the process? A) Issue log updates B) Change requests C) Project management plan updates D) Project schedule for stakeholder communications

D) Project schedule for stakeholder communications

Your organization uses total quality management as part of its quality assurance program. Maria, a leader in your organization's quality assurance program, informs you that she will be reviewing your project to determine whether your project management activities comply with the total quality management program. This is an example of which one of the following? A) Process analysis B) Quality control mechanism C) Enterprise environmental factors D) Quality audit

D) Quality audit This is an example of a quality audit to confirm that your project is adhering to the quality assurance program established within your organization.

You are the project manager of the Condo IV Construction project and you're working with your project team and the project sponsor to identify the quality metrics and develop the quality management plan for the project. In light of the planning event, which of the following is most true about quality? A) It will cost more money to build quality into the project. B) It will cost less money to build quality into the project process. C) Quality is inspection-driven. D) Quality is prevention-driven.

D) Quality is prevention-driven. Quality means completing the work correctly the first time to prevent poor results, loss of time, and loss of funds.

Project managers can present project information in many different ways. Which one of the following is not a method a project manager can use to present project performance? A) Histograms B) S-curves C) Bar charts D) RACI charts

D) RACI charts RACI charts do not show project performance, but instead show accountability of the resources involved in the project.

You are the project manager for GHB Project. You have served as a project manager for your organization for the past ten years. Most of your projects come in on time and on budget. The project team has worked with you in the past, and they consider you to be an expert project manager. They also like working with you. Given all of this, you likely have what type of power on the project? A) Formal power B) Coercive power C) Expert power D) Referent power

D) Referent power This is referent power because the project team knows the project manager personally.

You are working with the project team to create the WBS. Some elements in the WBS can't be broken down yet. You and the team elect to break down these items later in the project as more details become available. This approach to creating the WBS is also known as what? A) Decomposition B) The 8/80 Rule C) Parkinson's Law D) Rolling wave planning

D) Rolling wave planning

Sammy is the project manager of the KHG Project. Some of the stakeholders in this project are opposed to the project, some are in favor of the project, and some are neutral. Management has asked Sammy to create a chart that shows the current status of engagement for each stakeholder and the desired level of engagement for each stakeholder. What type of chart is management asking for? A) Stakeholder engagement mapping B) Stakeholder engagement control chart C) Stakeholder histogram D) Stakeholder engagement assessment matrix

D) Stakeholder engagement assessment matrix

Beth is a project manager for her organization and she is working with the stakeholders to develop a communications management plan. She wants to acknowledge the assumptions and constraints in the project. Which one of the following is an example of a project communication constraint? A) Ad hoc conversations B) Demands for formal reports C) Stakeholder management D) Team members in different geographical locales

D) Team members in different geographical locales Team members who are not located physically close together can be a communications constraint, since it can be tougher to communicate when distance between team members exists.

You have created a cost estimate for a new project that you'll be managing in your organization. All of the following should be included in your cost estimate except for which one? A) Description of the schedule activity's project scope of work B) Assumptions made C) Constraints D) Team members the project will utilize

D) Team members the project will utilize The project manager will include the project scope of work, the assumptions made, and the constraints considered when creating a cost estimate.

You are the project manager for a project that will create a new and improved web site for your company. Currently, your company has more than 8 million users around the globe. You would like to poll experts within your organization with a simple, anonymous form asking about any foreseeable risks in the design, structure, and intent of the web site. With the collected information, subsequent anonymous polls are submitted to the group of experts. This is an example of __________. A) Risk identification B) A trigger C) An anonymous trigger D) The Delphi Technique

D) The Delphi Technique An anonymous poll that enables experts to submit their opinions freely without fear of backlash is an example of the Delphi Technique.

George is the project manager of the 7YH Project. In this project, George considers the relationship between himself and the customer to be of utmost importance. Which one of the following is a valid reason for George's belief in the importance of this relationship? A) The customer will complete George's performance evaluation. A poor communications model between George and the customer will affect his project bonus. B) The customer is not familiar with project management. George must educate the customer about the process. C) The customer is always right. D) The communication between the customer and George can convey the project objectives more clearly than can the language in the project contract.

D) The communication between the customer and George can convey the project objectives more clearly than can the language in the project contract.

Henry is the project manager for his organization, and management has asked him to create a project management plan to define the scope statement. Which project management plan guides the creation of the detailed project scope statement? A) The charter B) The project management plan C) The project scope plan D) The project scope management plan

D) The project scope management plan The project scope management plan defines the creation of the detailed project scope statement.

Bradley is the project manager for his organization and he's working with his project team to identify risks. Some of the project team members are confused as to when risk identification should happen in the project. When should risk identification happen? A) As early as possible in the initiation process B) As early as possible in the planning process C) Throughout the product management life cycle D) Throughout the project life cycle

D) Throughout the project life cycle

Gary is the project manager of the HBA Update Project and his company has hired you as a project management consultant. Gary is confused about the timing of some of the project management processes. He now has a good understanding of the lessons learned purpose, but he's still confused about why you've recommended that the project team participate in the lessons learned documentation, too. Why should a project team complete lessons learned documentation? A) To ensure project closure B) To show management what they've accomplished on the project C) To show the project stakeholders what they've accomplished on the project D) To help future project teams complete their projects more accurately

D) To help future project teams complete their projects more accurately

The water sanitation project manager has determined that the risks associated with handling certain chemicals are too high. He has decided to allow someone else to complete this portion of the project, and so has outsourced the handling and installation of the chemicals and filter equipment to an experienced contractor. This is an example of which of the following? A) Avoidance B) Acceptance C) Mitigation D) Transference

D) Transference

You are the project manager of a project that will last 18 months and includes three different countries. As part of your communications management plan you've scheduled face-to-face meetings with the project team and you're utilizing web conferencing software for the virtual team. Based on this information, the process of sending information from the project manager to the project team is called what? A) Functioning B) Matrixing C) Blending communications D) Transmitting

D) Transmitting

You need a method to keep workers motivated and inspired on your project. This project has many conditions that the project team sees as unfavorable, but they do like you as a project manager. _________________________ states that as long as workers are rewarded, they will remain productive. A) McGregor's Theory of X and Y B) Ouchi's Theory Z C) Herzberg's Theory of Motivation D) Vroom's Expectancy Theory

D) Vroom's Expectancy Theory Vroom's Expectancy Theory describes how people will work based on what they expect in return. If people are rewarded because of the work they complete, and they like the reward (payment), they will continue to work.

May is the project manager for her organization. In her project management plan, she realizes that some of the subsidiary plans have incorrect data now due to a change within the project scope. What should May do with the subsidiary project plans that have already been approved by her project sponsor? A. Create a risk response for the project plans that are now incorrect B. Notate the project plan as being incorrect and why C. Communicate with the project sponsor and stakeholders about the incorrect plan D. Create a change request to correct the project plan

D. Create a change request to correct the project plan Of all the choices presented D is the best answer, because changes to project documents and plans do require change requests.

Which task will a project manager undertake while conducting Project Resource Management? A. Identify the different aspects of the team to manage and control physical resources efficiently B. Procure equipment, materials, facilities, and infrastructure for the project C. Train the team members in project skill sets D. Define the roles and responsibilities of each team member

D. Define the roles and responsibilities of each team member

Don is the project manager for his organization. In this project, his team will comprise local workers and workers from Scotland, India, and Belgium. Don knows that he needs to manage it successfully. All of the following are cultural attributes of an organization except for which one? A. Policies and procedures B. Work ethics C. View of authority relationships D. Experience of the project management team

D. Experience of the project management team

Which tools and techniques will a project manager use to develop a project charter? A. Project manager experience, expert judgment, scope statement, and meetings B. Lessons learned database, interpersonal and team skills, cost baseline, and meetings C. Expert judgment, data gathering, scope statement, schedule baseline, and meetings D. Expert judgment, data gathering, interpersonal and team skills, and meetings

D. Expert judgment, data gathering, interpersonal and team skills, and meetings

A project manager is working in an environment where requirements are not very clear and may change during the project. In addition, the project has several stakeholders and is technically complex. Which strategies should the project manager take into account for risk management in this environment? A. Occasionally identify, evaluate, and classify risks B. Review requirements and cross-functional project teams C. Include contingency reserves and update the project management plan frequently D. Frequently review incremental work products and update the requirements for proper prioritization

D. Frequently review incremental work products and update the requirements for proper prioritization

Robert is the project manager of the HBQ Project. This project requires all of the telephones in the organization to be removed and replaced with an internet phone. He's learned that the removal of some of the phones has damaged the walls in the office building and they need to be repaired. This project has a deadline and little time for repairing issues that weren't anticipated. Based on this information, which one of the following is the best example of defect repair review? A. Adding labor to a project to reduce issues during the installation of hardware. B. Retraining the project team on how to install a new material so that all future work with the new materials is done correctly. C. Repairing an incorrectly installed door in a new home construction project. D. Inspecting work that has been corrected because it was done incorrectly the first time.

D. Inspecting work that has been corrected because it was done incorrectly the first time. Defect repair review is a review of the defect repair. Even though the project may be on a deadline, Robert's project team will still need to repair the walls and confirm that the repair is acceptable.

The project management plan has several purposes and all projects should have a plan. What is the purpose of the project management plan? A. It defines the project manager and her level of authority on the project B. It authorizes the project manager to assign resources to the project work C. It defines how the project will be planned and executed D. It defines how the project will be executed, monitored and controlled, and then closed

D. It defines how the project will be executed, monitored and controlled, and then closed

Communication is paramount in project management and can best be summarized as follows: who needs what information, when do they need it, and what's the best ________ to deliver the message? Choose the best answer: A. Person B. Resource C. Format D. Modality

D. Modality

Which kind of communication should the project manager use when creating reports for government bodies? A. Hierarchical B. External C. Formal D. Official

D. Official

Sam and Sarah are in a heated discussion over a new program in the organization. They are trying to determine who will make the tactical decisions in the projects within the program. Who manages programs? A. Management B. Project sponsors C. Project managers D. Program managers

D. Program managers Programs are managed by program managers.

Harrold is the project manager for his organization and he has seven people on his project team. Who is responsible for executing the project plan and creating the project deliverables? A. Project lead B. Project manager and the project team C. Project manager D. Project team

D. Project team

With regard to a project manager's sphere of influence in a project, which of the following does the project manager influence most directly? A. Suppliers B. Customers C. Governing bodies D. Project team

D. Project team

Project team members are most likely to work full-time on a project in which of the following organizational structures? A. Functional B. Weak matrix C. Strong matrix D. Project-oriented

D. Project-oriented

The project manager can help write the project charter but is not the person who signs the project charter. Regardless of who actually writes the charter, several elements should be included in the document. All of the following are addressed in the project charter, except for which one? A. Requirements to satisfy the project customer, project sponsor, and other stakeholders B. Assigned project management and level of authority C. Summary budget D. Risk responses

D. Risk responses Risk responses are not addressed in the project charter. High-level risks may be identified, but the responses to those risks are not included in the project charter. These responses will be documented in the project's risk response plan.

During the full life cycle of the project, a plot of the project's expected expenditure will usually follow a characteristic "S" shape. This indicates that: A. There is a cyclic nature to all projects B. Problems will always occur in the execution phase C. There are high expenditure during closeout D. The bulk of the project budget will be spent in the execution phase

D. The bulk of the project budget will be spent in the execution phase

You are the project manager for your organization. A change has recently been approved by your organization's change control board. You need to update the scope baseline and what other document? A. The cost baseline B. The quality baseline C. The risk management plan D. The change log

D. The change log When a change enters the project, the change log must be updated to reflect the change. The question did not indicate that new costs or risks will be entering the project, so A and C are incorrect. The quality baseline, B, is not a valid answer because quality is a reflection of the completion of the project scope.

You are the project manager of a new project to develop a new software product. Management has not required a formal project management plan in the past, but they'd like you to develop a project management plan to serve as a model or template for all other projects in the organization. What is the primary purpose of your project management plan? A. To define the work to be completed to reach the project end date. B. To define the work needed in each phase of the project life cycle. C. To prevent any changes to the scope. D. To provide accurate communication for the project team, project sponsor, and stakeholders regarding how the project will be executed, controlled, and closed.

D. To provide accurate communication for the project team, project sponsor, and stakeholders regarding how the project will be executed, controlled, and closed.

Which group of inputs will a project manager use during the Monitor Stakeholder Engagement process? A. Project charter, business documents, and project management plan B. Agreements, scope baseline, and project management plan C. Project charter, business case, and project management plan D. Work performance data, enterprise environmental factors, and project management plan

D. Work performance data, enterprise environmental factors, and project management plan

How are work performance data translated into work performance information?

Data Analysis It is through data analysis that the raw work performance data are translated directly into work performance information. This is one of the primary activities that occurs in the M/C Process Group.

Which analysis method is used to select the best of several alternative courses of action?

Decision tree analysis Decision tree analysis is a mathematical method in which alternate decision paths are shown and evaluated for their overall expected monetary value. The net path value is calculated for each and the decision path with the best value is selected.

Name the technique used to create the WBS by subdividing the scope into progressively smaller, more manageable parts.

Decomposition

The __________ process describes the actions that deliver the deliverables created by the Create WBS (5.4) process.

Define Activities

The schedule management processes in the Planning Process Group progressively translate the __________ of the scope baseline into a logically sequenced work schedule.

Deliverables

When a change request is approved in the Perform Integrated Change Control process, it flows back to the __________ process as an input.

Direct and Manage Project Work

In which process are the approved change requests implemented?

Direct and Manage Project Work All approved change requests flow back to the Direct and Manage Project Work process as inputs to be implemented.

__________ are calculated in terms of the number of work periods needed to complete an activity.

Duration estimates

The Control Costs process centers on understanding both the total amount spent and the __________ of the money spent to complete project activities.

Effectiveness Analysis conducted during the Control Cost process determines the effectiveness of the money spent on a project by analyzing the total amount spent and the value generated from the spend.

__________ is the ability to identify, assess, and manage the emotions of oneself, others, and groups.

Emotional Intelligence

Define the steps in a basic sender-receiver communications model.

Encode, transmit, decode Encode = Message put in text/sound for transmission Transmit = Message sent via communication channel Decode = Data translated by receiver into a usable form

Planning Process Group

Establishes a high-level plan of the intended project and determines project goals. In this process you and the key stakeholders are defining and refining the project goals and objectives. Once the project objectives have been defined, you and the key stakeholders will plan on how to reach those objectives.

The __________ process brings depth and perspective to the network diagram by defining the amount of effort and resources each activity demands.

Estimate Activity Durations

Which EVM variable calculates the expected total cost of the project at the completion of all project work?

Estimate at completion (EAC) EAC determines the expected total cost at the completion of all project work.

True or False: Projects that are terminated before all work is completed do not require the Close Project process.

FALSE - Every project, whether completed or prematurely terminated, must be formally closed. For projects terminated before completion, the close project or phase process investigates and documents the reasons for termination.

True or False: The Manage Communications process is conducted only once.

FALSE - Manage Communications is a iterative process that is constantly collecting, evaluating, storing, and distributing information from updates, issues, and changes of other processes.

True or False: After all project work is complete, it is proper to release all team members.

FALSE - Team members should only be released from a project after all the work is verified complete, project documents have been fully evaluated/closed out/archived, lessons learned collected/archived, the final report generated, and the final deliverable transferred to the customer.

True or False: The cost of quality (COQ) only considers the cost incurred while completing the project's physical work.

FALSE - The cost of quality includes all quality-related costs over the entire life of the project.

True or False (and Why?): Once created, the risk register and risk report are not adjusted.

FALSE - The risk register and risk report are continually adjusted to deepen the understanding of the current risk profile and to include additional risks identified.

True or False: The business case is used to record all assumptions and constraints known at any point during the project.

False - The assumption log is used to record all assumptions

True or False: The stakeholder register is rarely updated throughout the life of a project.

False - The stakeholder register is updated often as new stakeholder information is discovered.

By leveraging which conflict resolution technique would you push your viewpoint through power, often creating a win-lose situation

Force/direct

The Close Project or Phase process is the __________ finalization of all processes and process groups.

Formal finalization The Close Project or Phase process is the formal finalization of all processes and process groups.

How should stakeholders with high power and high interest be classified and managed?

High-powered and high-interest stakeholders should be managed closely.

Stakeholder _______________ and _______________ helps the team design ways to appropriately engage each stakeholder.

Identification and analysis

Name the three most common communication methods.

Interactive, push, pull Interactive = Multidirectional communication Push = Sent to specific recipients, but no confirmation that the information is understood Pull = Allows content access at the user's own discretion

Earned value (EV) defines the value of work that _________ done.

Is Earned value (EV) defines the value of the work that is done. This is often used to calculate the project's completion percentage.

Which output document should the project team use to record problems, gaps, inconsistencies, and conflicts that occur during the Direct and Manage Project Work process?

Issue Log

__________ moves a successor LEFT (earlier); __________ moves a successor RIGHT (later).

Lead; Lag

The cost of preventing mistakes is __________ than the cost of correcting mistakes found by inspection or use.

Less

Throughout the entire project, both best practices and problems must be codified and recorded on the __________.

Lessons Learned Register

The Manage Stakeholder Engagement and ___________ processes work in concert; each focuses effort on aligning stakeholders and assisting in better decision making.

Manage Communications The stakeholder engagement and communications knowledge areas are linked. These two work together to achieve a similar goal of ensuring constant and appropriate flow of information to and from stakeholders.

The __________ process translates the quality management plan into executable activities that integrate quality policies into the project.

Manage Quality process

The __________ document frames the schedule constraints impacting the project.

Milestone List The milestone list is created as an output of the Define Activities process. The defined milestones identify significant points/events that are used in creating the detailed schedule.

__________ decision tools allow the project team to evaluate resource options and select the optimal mix to meet the project's needs.

Multicriteria Multicriteria decision tools are a key tool and technique of the Acquire Resource process. Criteria are weighted to reflect their relative importance. Selection criteria may include resource availability, cost, experience, or location.

When conflicts/issues occur in the fulfillment of a contract, what is the most optimal method of action?

Negotiations Negotiations are the optimal method of resolving contractual issues.

__________ is anything compromising the understanding of a communicated message.

Noise Noise can be caused by a receiver being distracted or lacking adequate perception and/or knowledge.

Which factors are used to evaluate each risk on the risk register during the Qualitative Risk Analysis process?

Perception of probability of occurrence and impact Qualitative risk analysis is subjective, as it based on perception of each risk's probability of occurrence and impact.

Any change request that potentially impacts a project baseline must be evaluated using the formal __________ process.

Perform Integrated Change Control

After the time, scope, and cost baselines are defined within the project management plan, all future change can be made only through the __________ process.

Perform Integrated Change Control process (included in the Monitoring and Controlling Process Group)

The Direct and Manage Project Work process is where the "rubber meets the road" as the team executes the __________ defined in the project plans.

Planned project activities

What is a mapping technique used to identify where stakeholders are perceived to be relative to their power and interest in the project?

Power-interest grid

The cost of conformance includes what two types of costs?

Prevention and appraisal costs Prevention costs are those associated with building quality into a product (training, equipment, etc.). Appraisal costs are those associated with assessing the quality (testing, destructive testing loss, inspection).

Initiating Process Group

Processes performed to define a new project or a new phase of an existing project by obtaining authorization to start the project or phase. Management and/or your customer is authorizing the project or a project phase to begin.

Which management plan instructs the way in which external resources are obtained?

Procurement Management Plan The resource management plan instructs the way in which internal resources are obtained and the procurement management plan instructs on how to obtain external resources.

Which output produced in the Plan Procurements Management process defines the procurement need in detail sufficient to allow the sellers to assess if they are capable of providing the work?

Procurement statement of work

The __________ is the software by which project information is distributed.

Project Management Information system (PMIS)

In closing the project, the project manager reviews the __________ to ensure that all project work is complete and the project met its objectives.

Project Management Plan

__________ defines all the necessary work that is required to complete the project.

Project Scope

What is the one key output of the Define Scope process?

Project Scope Statement The project scope statement provides a detailed definition of the project and product scope, major deliverables, assumptions, and constraints.

Early in the project, what are two important inputs to identify stakeholders?

Project charter and business case

Schedule variance (SV) determines the amount a project is ahead/behind the schedule baseline. What does a negative schedule baseline indicate?

Project is behind schedule A negative SV indicates that a project is behind schedule, while projects with positive SVs are ahead of schedule.

__________ is the term that describes the approaches and contingencies that project managers build into their project's risk processes.

Project resilience

What is the key output produced by the Sequence Activity process?

Project schedule network diagram The project schedule network diagram shows the logical relationships of all activities from start to finish.

__________ a model of the potential product and providing it for review can be a fast and inexpensive method for obtaining feedback on requirements.

Prototyping

What is the term used to describe a set of structured observation techniques used to determine if project activities comply with policies, processes, and procedures?

Quality Audit

The __________ describes the activities and resources necessary for the project team to achieve the project's quality objectives.

Quality management plan The quality management plan also defines procedures for addressing nonconformance, corrective actions, and continuous improvement.

When using __________, the interrelationships between project variables are analyzed to identify opportunities to improve the performance of future projects.

Regression Analysis

A __________ is a condition or capability that must be present in the finished project to satisfy a business need.

Requirement

While developing the final report for formal project closure, you utilize which project document to demonstrate compliance with the project scope?

Requirements Documentation The requirements documentation created during the Collect Requirements process describes how individual requirements meet the business need for the project.

Which document produced in the Planning Process Group links the project requirements to the deliverables that satisfy them?

Requirements traceability matrix The requirements traceability matrix produced in the Collect Requirements process visually displays the deliverables that must be satisfied.

Which documents produced as outputs of the Plan Procurement Management Process must not be provided to the potential sellers?

Source selection criteria and independent cost estimates Source selection criteria provide an objective means to evaluate each proposal in order to select the seller offering the greatest overall value. Independent cost estimates provide a frame of reference for evaluating bids submitted. These documents are for internal project team use only!

What is the term for an individual who is involved with and/or impacted (positively or negatively) by a project?

Stakeholder A stakeholder is any person who is involved or impacted by the project.

The __________ matrix provides the desired stakeholder engagement level that the communications management plan was designed to achieve.

Stakeholder engagement matrix

Which data gathering technique uses a smaller sample to measure quality and infer the total quality of a larger population?

Statistical sampling

True or False: The estimate to complete (ETC) calculates the expected cost to finish all the remaining project work.

TRUE Estimate to complete (ETC) calculates the expected cost to finish all the remaining project work. ETC = EAC - AC

True or False: Control quality determines if the project outputs do what they were intended to do.

TRUE The Control Quality process determines if the project outputs (deliverables) do what they were intended to do.

True or False: The Control Scope process is conducted throughout the life of the project.

TRUE - After the scope baseline is defined, the Control Scope process must be conducted throughout the entire project. This process is essential as it helps to monitor the success of the project and the prevention of scope creep.

True or False: All project baselines must be approved by the project sponsor.

TRUE - All project baselines must be approved by the project sponsor.

True or False: The person authorized to sign legal agreements is often a purchasing or legal representative, not the project manager.

TRUE - Due to the specialized nature of procurements and the liability involved, it is often not the project manager who is authorized to sign legal agreements.

True or False: The Monitor and Control Project Work process provides insights into the health of a project by tracking, reviewing, and reporting on actual vs. expected progress.

TRUE - The focus of the Monitor and Control Project Work process is to maintain a clear understanding of how the project is progressing against the project baselines and project plans.

True or False: As a project evolves, it is often necessary to modify the methods used to engage stakeholders.

TRUE - The primary goal of the Monitor Stakeholder Engagement process is to maintain or increase the efficiency and effectiveness of stakeholder engagement activities. To accomplish this, it is often necessary to adjust the strategies by which each stakeholder is engaged.

True or False: The project budget and cost baseline are different.

TRUE - The project budget includes the management reserve; the cost baseline does not.

True or False: The scatter diagram graphically shows the relationship between two variables.

TRUE - The scatter diagram is a tool and technique used in the Manage Quality process that graphically shows the relationship between two variables.

True or False: "Work" refers to the deliverables produced, not the activities that produce the deliverables.

TRUE - Using an example of a project to dig a long ditch, the work would be defined as the completed ditch, not the activities required to dig the ditch.

The __________ defines in clear terms the team's values and operating guidelines.

Team Charter The team charter is an input to the 9.4 Develop Team process.

Which key output produced by the Develop Team process allows the current status of team development to be addressed and tracked?

Team performance assessments

Why is the Collect Requirements (5.2) process completed before the Define Scope (5.3) process?

The Collect Requirements process transforms high-level requirements into clear objectives required to define the scope of the project.

What is the main goal of the Develop Project Charter (4.1) process?

The Develop Project Charter process focuses on developing and gaining sponsor approval of the project charter.

What is the main goal of the Identify Stakeholders (13.1) process?

The Identify Stakeholders process identifies, analyzes, and classifies all stakeholders that could impact, or be impacted by, the project.

Define the purpose of the Monitor Communications process

The Monitor Communications process provides a realistic evaluation of the success of actual communications and quickly initiates changes to improve results when needed.

You'll use the scope management plan to define the project scope statement. You'll also use this plan to build the scope baseline. Which two items are parts of the scope baseline for the project? A) The project scope management plan and project charter B) The project scope management plan and the WBS C) The WBS and WBS dictionary D) Time and cost baselines

The WBS and WBS dictionary are two of the three components of the scope baseline. The approved detailed project scope statement is the third portion of the scope baseline.

What is the difference between requirements documentation and requirements traceability matrix?

The requirements documentation serves to clearly define all potential project requirements needed for creating the scope baseline. The requirements traceability matrix organizes and presents the requirements in a visual manner that links each requirement to the individual deliverables that satisfy it.

Explain what the resource calendar does.

The resource calendar defines the exact time frames when each project resource is available to the project.

What is the stakeholder register and in which process is it created?

The stakeholder register is a document used to record pertinent information on every stakeholder, including each stakeholder's function, title, level of interest in the project, and level of influence. The stakeholder register is created during the Identify Stakeholders process.

What is purpose of a tornado diagram?

The tornado diagram (used in 11.4 Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis) determines which individual risk has the greatest potential impact by correlating variations in project outcomes to individual risks.

Executing Process Group

This project process group is where the work of the project is performed. Now that you have a project plan, it's time to put the plan into action. You've heard the saying, "Plan your work and now work your plan"? This is the "working your plan part.

Closing Process Group

Those processes performed to formally complete or close the project, phase, or contract. This process group focuses on formal acceptance of the project's final deliverable. Note that technically the approval of the deliverable is the result of the verify scope process, a monitoring and controlling process. The close project process makes acceptance formal with a project sign-off. The closing process group also focuses on bringing the project or project phase to a tidy ending.

Monitoring and Controlling Process Group

Those processes required to track, review, and regulate the progress and performance of the project; identify any areas in which changes to the plan are required; and initiate the corresponding changes. Your project team is doing the work, but it's up to you, as the project manager, to measure and monitor things to ensure that the project team is doing the work as it is planned. the results of your measurements - primarily in cost, time, scope, and quality - will show discrepancies between what was planned and what was experienced. These discrepancies are your project variances.

What is the desired impact of the work performance reports generated as an output of the Monitor and Control Project Work process?

To maintain stakeholder awareness and generate decisions or action

What are the key objectives of the Implement Risk Responses process?

To minimize a project's risk exposure and maximize opportunities by implementing agreed-upon risk response plans.

The __________ variable determines the CPI that must be achieved with the remaining resources to meet a specific management goal.

To-complete performance index (TCPI) TCPI evaluates the current performance and determines the CPI rate that must be maintained to hit a defined management goal. Two equations exist to calculate the TCPI to meet the management goals of BAC or EAC.

The team's overall performance can be improved through which four actions?

Training, coaching, mentoring, change requests

Which analysis technique used during the Control Scope process determines if project performance is improving or deteriorating by examining historical results?

Trend analysis

True or False: It is critical to identify all stakeholders as early as possible.

True

True or False: Without approval from the project sponsor, there is no project.

True