Capping Quiz/Exam
MC6E-11 Before the case of MacPherson v. Buick Motor Car in 1916, the law based a manufacturer's liability for injuries due to a defective product on
the contractual relationship between the producer and the consumer.
MC5E-11 Corporations differ from partnerships and other forms of business association in two ways. One of these is that
they must be publicly registered or in some way officially acknowledged by the law.
MC4E-17 According to one survey of cultural values
Americans typically value things like their children's education and a satisfactory love life more than work.
MC1E-16 Morality and self-interest
Can sometimes conflict
MC5-2 A hypothesis is unrelated to the theoretical framework.
F
MC5-9 Hypotheses cannot be tested with qualitative data
F
MC7E-19 Which of the following is true of factory farms?
Have the largest and most devastating impact on animals.
MC9-16 What is metacognition?
Ideas of the respondent about what he should think or feel.
MC1-3 Research done chiefly to make a contribution to existing knowledge is called basic, fundamental, or pure research.
T
MC10-4 Main testing effects typically occur because participants want to be consistent.
T
MC3-6 Secondary research simplifies the process of problem formulation.
T
MC3-10 Which of the following is the most correct statement?
There are three key criteria to assess the quality of the problem statement: it should be relevant, feasible, and interesting.
MC7E-20 Utilitarians
are likely to oppose factory farming.
MC11-8 You cannot measure objects; you measure _ of objects.
attributes
MC1E-18 The authors use the murder of Kitty Genovese to illustrate
bystander apathy.
MCE1-15 Accepting a moral principle
generally involves a desire to follow that principle for its own sake.
MC5E-19 Kenneth Arrow discussed two important situations in which profit maximization can be socially inefficient. One of these occurs when
there is an imbalance of knowledge between buyer and seller.
MC4E-20 Karl Marx believed that
under capitalism workers are alienated in several ways.
MC5E-16 Externalities are
unintended side-effects
MC1E-14 Ethical relativism supports the theory that:
what is right is determined by what a culture or society says is right.
MC1E-13 For philosophers, the most important issue is not where our moral principles came from, but:
whether those moral principles can be justified
MC2E-12 If you adopt egoism as your moral code, then
you believe that it is morally right to do whatever promotes your best interest.
MC5E-15 Melvin Anshen suggests that there is an relationship between business and society which he termed as:
"social contract"
MC11-7 Operationalizing a concept involves a series of steps: 1. Come up with a definition of the construct. 2. Develop a response format. 3. Assess the validity and reliability of the measurement scale. 4. Develop an instrument (one or more items or questions) that actually measures the concept that one wants to measure. What is the correct order?
1-4-2-3
MC10-9 The manager of a bus company is interested in knowing passenger increases if he used three different types of bus (Luxury Express, Standard Express, Regular) and manipulated both the fare reduction and the type of vehicle used, simultaneously. Which of the following research designs is appropriate?
A factorial design
MC5-6 Which of the following does not include the process of building a theoretical framework?
An operationalization of the concepts or variables in the model.
MC5E-14 Which of the following do proponents of the broader view of corporate social responsibility believe?
Businesses have other obligations besides making a profit.
MC4E-13 Which statement best describes capitalism?
Capitalism is an economic system that operates under the profit motive.
MC5-10 In what way do the concepts causality and correlation relate to each other?
Correlation is a necessary but not sufficient condition for causality.
Which of the following answers cannot be an objective of preliminary research?
Defining concepts
MC5-5 The is the variable of primary interest to the researcher.
Dependent Variable
MC6-9 The goal of a ¬_ study, hence, is to offer to the researcher a profile of the phenomena of interest from an individual, organizational, industry-oriented, or other perspective.
Descriptive
MC9-15 A questionnaire includes the following question, measured on a 5-point Likert scale: "To what extent are you satisfied with the appearance and the service of the shop-assistants?" This question is an example of a:
Double-barreled question.
MC1-10 Ethical conduct applies to the researchers who undertake the research, but not to the respondents who provide them with the necessary data
F
MC1-2 Research done with the intention of applying the results of the findings to solve specific problems currently being experienced in an organization is called basic research.
F
MC1-4 Applied research is not scientific in nature.
F
MC1-5 Fundamental research has little practical relevance.
F
MC1-7 University professors do not engage in applied research.
F
MC1-8 An advantage of engaging in an external team to do the research project is that the team would require much less time to understand the structure, the philosophy and climate, and the functioning and work systems of the organization.
F
MC10-3 Cause-and-effect inferences can also be contaminated by the effects of the passage of time. Such contamination is called history effects.
F
MC2-4 Inductive processes are more often used in causal and quantitative studies, whereas deductive research processes are regularly used in exploratory and qualitative studies.
F
MC3-2 Secondary data refers to information that the researcher gathers first hand through instruments such as surveys, interviews, focus groups, or observation.
F
MC4-3 In inductive research, a literature review will help the researcher to develop a theoretical framework and hypotheses.
F
MC4-6 The quality of the journal that published an article is unrelated to the quality of a research article.
F
MC4-7 Online databases display only the bibliographic citations such as the name of the author, the title of the article (or book), source of publication, and the like.
F
MC4-8 Articles in professional journals have generally been peer-reviewed: this means that the articles have been put to the scrutiny of experts in the same field before they were accepted for publication.
F
MC5-8 Typically, the alternate hypothesis is expressed as no (significant) relationship between two variables or no (significant) difference between two groups.
F
MC6-4 A marketing manager aims to investigate the relationship between customer satisfaction and store loyalty among British consumers. For this purpose, data will have to be collected from British stores and the 'unit of analysis' is the country.
F
MC6-7 Correlational studies are invariably conducted in contrived settings, whereas most rigorous causal studies are done in non-contrived lab settings.
F
MC7-1 Primary data are more important than secondary data.
F
MC7-7 The Delphi Technique has been widely used for short-run business forecasting.
F
MC8-12 This is an example of a sequence record. Event 1 2 3 4 sCORE III II I III
F
MC8-8 An observational study is said to be low in control when the situation or setting is manipulated or contrived by the researcher.
F
MC8-9 Active participation occurs when the researcher does not actively participate, and only occasionally interacts with the social group under study.
F
MC9-18 If in the introduction of the questionnaire it is made clear that the answers will be handled anonymously, this can lead to bias of the results.
F
MC9-19 With respect to the sequence of questions in a questionnaire, you start with asking difficult questions which you unravel to more specific questions later.
F
MC9-20 'To what extent can you say about yourself that you are happy?' is an example of a loaded question.
F
MC2E-14 Which of the following is true regarding Immanuel Kant's beliefs?
He believed that reason by itself can reveal the basic principles of morality.
MC2E-18 Which of the following statements is true regarding human rights?
Human rights are equal rights; if X is a human right, then everyone has this right.
MC4E-12 Which statement creates the best picture of capitalism?
In state welfare capitalism the government plays an active role in regulating economic activities in an effort to smooth out the boom-and-bust pattern of the business cycle.
MC7E-14 Which of the following is true of a regulatory approach to environmental problems?
It requires the EPA or other body to determine the most effective, feasible pollution-control technology for each different industry.
MC7-4 Which of the following points is not related to the costs for a respondent that go with the participation in an investigation?
Lack of influence on the decision making.
MC5E-17 Which of the following is one of the three arguments in favor of narrow corporate social responsibility discussed in this chapter?
Let-government-do-it
MC6-6 Studies, when data on the dependent variable are gathered at two or more points in time to answer the research question, are called:
Longitudinal studies
MC4E-19 Rather than strong work ethic, a more commonly seen role is
ME- first
MC6-2 What cannot be seen as purpose of a causal study?
Making sure that all relevant variables are included in the study.
MC5-1 A __ is one that surfaces between the time the independent variables start operating to influence the dependent variable and the time their impact is felt on it.
Mediating variable.
MC5-7 A has a strong contingent effect on the independent variable-dependent variable relationship.
Moderating variable.
MC7-5 What is not a part of conversation introduction in an interview?
Monitoring the answers.
MC1E-20 Moral attitudes are best depicted by which of the following?
Moral standards typically concern behavior that can be of serious consequence to human welfare.
MC11-2 Objects include:
Persons, strategic business units, and companies.
MC10-5 What is true about Quasi-Experimental Designs?
Quasi-Experimental Designs expose an experimental group to a treatment and measure its effects. B A Quasi-Experimental Design is the weakest of all designs. C A Quasi-Experimental Design does not measure true cause-and-effect relationships. D ******All of the above******.
MC11-3 Examples of characteristics of objects are:
Service quality, conditioning effects, and taste
MC1-1 Business research can be described as a systematic and organized effort to investigate a specific problem, encountered in the work setting that needs a solution.
T
MC1-6 Managers with knowledge of research have an advantage over those without.
T
MC1-9 A disadvantage of engaging in an internal team to do the research project is that, in view of their long tenure as internal consultants, the internal team may quite possibly fall into a stereotyped way of looking at the organization and its problems.
T
MC10-1 A field experiment, as the name implies, is an experiment done in the natural environment in which work goes on as usual, but treatments are given to one or more groups
T
MC10-10 Whereas the randomized block design helps the experimenter to minimize the effects of one nuisance variable in evaluating the treatment effects, the Latin square design is very useful when two nuisance blocking factors are to be controlled.
T
MC10-2 The difference between matching and randomization is that in the former case individuals are deliberately and consciously matched to control the differences among group members, whereas in the latter case we expect that the process of randomization would distribute the inequalities among the groups, based on the laws of normal distribution.
T
MC10-7 Deceiving subjects by deliberately misleading them as to the true purpose of the research is considered unethical.
T
MC10-8 A main testing effect occurs when the prior observation (the pre-test) affects the later observation (the post-test).
T
MC11-1 Measurement is the assignment of numbers or other symbols to characteristics of objects according to a pre-specified set of rules.
T
MC11-10 The construct 'hunger' is a typical example of a construct that must be operationalized because it is an abstract and subjective concept.
T
MC11-4 Attributes of objects that can be physically measured by some calibrated instruments pose no measurement problems.
T
MC11-5 Reduction of abstract concepts to render them measurable in a tangible way is called operationalizing the concepts.
T
MC11-6 Operationalizing is done by looking at the behavioral dimensions, facets, or properties denoted by the concept. These are then translated into observable and measurable elements so as to develop an index of measurement of the concept.
T
MC2-10 A scientific hypothesis must be testable and falsifiable.
T
MC2-2 An inductive investigation starts with an observation of empirical data.
T
MC2-3 A deductive investigation is based on theoretically logical reasoning.
T
MC2-6 As in the hypothetico-deductive studies, hypotheses can be developed in case studies as well.
T
MC2-7 It is not always possible to meet all the hallmarks of science in full. Comparability, consistency, and wide generalizability are often difficult to obtain in research.
T
MC2-8 Analyses of both quantitative and qualitative data can be done to determine if certain conjectures are substantiated.
T
MC2-9 According to Karl Popper it is not possible to 'prove' a hypothesis by means of induction, because no amount of evidence assures us that contrary evidence will not be found.
T
MC3-05 Symptoms are concrete examples of the way in which a certain business problem reveals itself.
T
MC3-08 Research questions are the translation of the problem of the organization into a specific need for information.
T
MC3-1 Once we have identified the management problem, it needs to be narrowed down to a researchable topic for study.
T
MC3-7 A good problem statement includes both a statement of the research objective(s) and the research question(s).
T
MC3-9 A first review of the literature helps you to make an informed decision about your research approach.
T
MC4-1 A literature review helps the researcher to undertake research that is relevant.
T
MC4-10 Providing inaccurate information regarding the sources, making it impossible to find them is a form of plagiarism.
T
MC4-2 The functions of the critical literature review depend on the specific research approach that is taken
T
MC4-4 A critical literature review ensures that a clearer idea emerges as to what variables will be important to consider, why they are considered important, and how they should be investigated to solve the problem.
T
MC4-5 Conference proceedings are quite valuable if you are working in a relatively new area or domain.
T
MC4-9 Both purposely misrepresenting the work of others and plagiarism are considered to be fraud.
T
MC5-3 A variable is anything that can take on differing or varying values.
T
MC5-4 The values can differ at various times for the same object or person, or at the same time for different objects or persons.
T
MC6-10 Knowledge of research design details also helps managers to study and intelligently comment on research proposals.
T
MC6-3 If a bank manager wants to analyze the relationship between interest rates and bank deposit patterns of clients, a 'field study' is the most suitable method of investigation.
T
MC6-5 The Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of a multinational corporation wants to know the profits made during the past 5 years by each of the subsidiaries in England, Germany, France, and Spain. It is possible that there are many regional offices of these subsidiaries in each of these countries. The profits of the various regional centers for each country have to be aggregated and the profits for each country for the past 5 years provided to the CFO. Hence, the 'unit of analysis' is the country.
T
MC6-8 Methodological rigor increases as we move progressively from an exploratory study to a hypothesis-testing study, and with this, the costs of research also increase.
T
MC7-2 It is preferred to first ask general questions and then more specific questions.
T
MC7-3 An inkblot test is an example of a projective method.
T
MC7-6 Interviews are a useful method to collect data in case studies
T
MC8-10 Typical examples of passive participation are observations conducted in service consumption settings, such as in a lecture room, a theatre, a waiting room, or a theme park.
T
MC8-11 Generally speaking, the most important factor in determining what to observe is the aim or purpose of the study.
T
MC8-13 A practical problem of observation is that it is time-consuming.
T
MC9-14 The hypotheses of a study are a good starting point when designing a questionnaire.
T
MC6E-13 Which statement is accurate in its description of consumer protection?
The Consumer Product Safety Commission has the power to order recalls, public warnings, and refunds.
MC10-6 The crucial difference between a quasi-experimental design and a true experimental design is:
The ability to control variables.
MC2-1 'Rigor' related to scientific investigation refers, amongst others, to:
The fact that a study has a good theoretical base.
MC2-5 Parsimony refers to:
The idea that a simple model explaining a certain phenomenon is preferred to a complex model.
MC3-4 What is wrong with a problem definition that is 'biased'?
The problem definition reflects the opinion of the researcher.
MC11-9 A father measures the length of his son. Which of the following statements is correct?
The son is the object; the length is the attribute
MC9-17 Evaluate the following question on suitability for the use in a questionnaire (measured on a 5-point Likert scale): "Do you think that in the current economical situation it is wise to reduce salaries of top sportsman?"
This question is leading.
MC2E-13 Which of the following represents a utilitarian belief?
We should bring about the most happiness for everyone affected by our actions.
MC6E-14 Which of the following is an example of price gouging?
a New York hotel tripling its room prices after 9/11
MC5E-13 Milton Friedman argues that
a business has no social responsibilities other than to maximize profits.
MC2E-15 "If you want to go to law school, then you must take the LSAT exam." This statement is an example of
a hypothetical imperative.
MC2E-17 Supererogatory actions are
actions that it would be good to do but not immoral not to do.
MC6E-20 Critics of advertising contend that
advertising rarely gives consumers much useful information.
MC6E-17 Terms like "can be," "as much as," and "help," are examples of
ambiguity
MC5E-18 Adam Smith proposed that in our pursuit of economic interests we are led by
an invisible hand to promote general good.
MC1E-19 Good moral judgments should be logical and
based on facts and acceptable moral principles.
MC4E-15 Marxism states
capitalism leads to a concentration of property and thus a concentration of resources and power in relatively few hands.
MC6E-19 According to Galbraith's "dependence effect",
consumer demand tends to be shaped by the production process.
MC5E-20 The best statement to describe corporations is
corporate culture can be both explicit and implicit.
MC4E-14 The concept of the "invisible hand" means
each person's private pursuit of wealth will result in the most beneficial overall organization and distribution of economic resources.
MC2E-20 A practical basis for discussing moral issues involves taking account of
effects, ideals, and obligations.
MC6E-15 "Puffery" is an example of which of the following deceptive or misleading advertising techniques?
exaggeration
MC6-1 Which of the following is most suitable when there is little to no insight in a certain problem or when there is no information available on how similar problems or research issues have been solved in the past?
exploratory research
MC3E-11 Talk of justice and injustice typically focuses on:
fairness equality desert and rights
MC7E-12 Business has considered the environment to be
free and nearly limitless.
MC4E-16 An exclusive focus on short-term performance
has helped to create a high-pressure environment conducive to fraud.
MC7E-16 According to Joel Feinberg, future generations
have interests that we can affect, for better or worse, right now.
MC1E-17 A tangible truth about having moral principles is
if you do the right thing only because you think it will pay off, you're not really motivated by moral concerns.
MC3E-16 The veil of ignorance demands people in the original position to be
impartial
MC2E-19 For those who are trying to make moral decisions
in a moral discussion, clarifying the facts and spelling out the principles to which people are appealing can help us to reach a solution
MC3E-18 The difference principle of Rawls includes
individuals are justified by working for the benefit of the least advantaged.
MC7E-11 The term ecology refers to the science of the
interrelationships among organisms and their environments.
MC7E-13 Some environmental regulations (like forbidding the burning of coal in cities) benefit each and every one of us because the air we all breathe is cleaner. If a company ignores the regulation and burns coal, while others obey the regulation, then the companyviolates our right to a livable environment.
is being a free-rider.
MC7E-18 William F. Baxter addresses environmental ethics by noting
judgments about environmental problems ought to be people-oriented.
MC4E-11 The Fugger dynasty was an example of
mercantile capitalism.
MC1E-11 Which of the following characteristics distinguishes moral standards from other sorts of standards?
moral standards take priority over other standards, including self-interest
MC2E-16 Nonconsequentialists like Ross believe that
morality permits each of us a sphere in which to pursue our own plans and goals.
MC3E-12 From John Stuart Mill's viewpoint,
only the utilitarian standard can best resolve conflicts between competing principles of justice.
MC3E-13 According to libertarianism,
people should not attempt to coerce others.
MC7E-15 "Pollution permits" are an example of which of the following methods of achieving our environmental goals?
pricing mechanisms
MC3E-19 Eminent domain is the ancient right of government to take what from an individual?
property
MC3E-14 According to Locke,
property is a moral right
MC6E-16 The terms "best, finest, and most" are examples of A
puffery
MC3E-15 According to John Rawls, people in "the original position" choose the principles of justice solely on the basis of
self interest
MC3E-20 The Supreme Court gave decision making power for Eminent domain to the
states and local communities
MC2E-11 Consequentialism
states that the moral rightness of an action is determined solely by its results.
MC3E-17 Primary social goods include
status
MC5E-12 In Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, the U.S. Supreme Court ruling included
support for corporations' First Amendment right to participate in the political process
MC6E-18 The media with the greatest advertising influence over children is
television
MC7E-17 In consideration for the obligation to others
the U.S. uses more than its proportional share of the world's resources
MC4E-18 Though many jobs are outsourced, most economists believe
the economy will create new jobs.
MC6E-12 Due care is
the idea that consumers and sellers do not meet as equals and that consumer's interests are particularly vulnerable to being harmed by the manufacturer.
MC1E-12 When religion and morality are considered:
the moral instructions of the world's great religions are often general and imprecise.