Cardiac

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who has a history of atherosclerosis and notes elevated cholesterol levels. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the nurse should plan follow-up teaching on a low-cholesterol diet? A. "I flavor my meat with lemon juice." B. "I eat two eggs for breakfast each morning." C. "I cook my food with canola oil." D. "I take an omega-3 supplement daily."

"I eat two eggs for breakfast each morning." Clients should limit egg yolks to two to three per week

A nurse is teaching the partner of a client who had an acute myocardial infarction (MI) about the reason blood was drawn from the client. Which of the following statements should the nurse make regarding cardiac enzymes studies? A. "Cardiac enzymes will identify the location of the MI" B. "These tests help determine the degree of damage to the heart tissues." C. "Cardiac enzymes assist in diagnosing the presence of pulmonary congestion." D. "These tests will enable the provider to determine the heart structure and mobility of the heart valves."

"These tests help determine the degree of damage to the heart tissues." Cardiac enzyme studies are obtained because the degree of enzyme elevation reflects the degree of damage to the myocardium. The enzymes most commonly measured are CPK and troponin. These enzymes have a characteristic rise and fall pattern after an MI. It may take 4 hr or more after the onset of manifestations for the test to become abnormal and up to 24 hr for the level to peak. Eventually, the levels in the blood fall back to normal. Consequently, serial blood tests must be taken from the client to document and evaluate enzyme levels.

An occupational health nurse in the clinic of an industrial plant is developing a guidebook for clinic workers. What action should the nurse include as a secondary prevention strategy? A. Teach plant workers about proper lifting techniques. B. Set up an influenza immunization campaign. C. Help plant workers identify signs of carpal tunnel syndrome. D. Collaborate with physical therapists to develop programs for injured employees to return to work.

Help plant workers identify signs of carpal tunnel syndrome. The nurse uses secondary prevention to screen for problems. This strategy is appropriate to include

A nurse is preparing a client who is scheduled for an echocardiogram the following day. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include about the test? A. It might cause slight discomfort in the chest area B. It takes about 5 or 10 min C. It requires lying quietly on one side D. It is best to have no food or beverages on the day of the test

It requires lying quietly on one side For an echocardiogram, the client lies quietly on the left side with slight head elevation.A

A nurse is caring for a client who reports a new onset of severe chest pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to determine if the client is experiencing a myocardial infarction? A. Check the client's BP B. Auscultate heart tones C. Perform a 12-lead ECG D. Determine if pain radiates to the left arm

Perform a 12-lead ECG The nurse should perform a 12-lead ECG when a client complains of chest pain to determine if the client is experiencing a myocardial infarction

A nurse is teaching a class on health promotion and illness prevention. The nurse should include that which of the following is an example of secondary prevention? A. Providing a community program on stress reduction B. Performing monthly breast self-examinations C. Teaching foot care to a client who has diabetes D. Referring a client who has had a mastectomy to a support group

Performing monthly breast self-examinations Secondary preventive care focuses on early detection, such as with monthly breast self-examinations.

A nurse is monitoring a client who is on telemetry. Which of the following findings on the ECG strip should the nurse recognize as normal sinus rhythm? A. The P wave falls before the QRS complex. B. The T wave is in the inverted position. C. The P-R interval measures 0.22 seconds. D. The QRS duration is 0.20 seconds.

The P wave falls before the QRS complex. The nurse should recognize that in normal sinus rhythm the P wave, representing atrial depolarization, falls before the QRS wave.

a nurse educator is discussing community mental health with a group of nursing students. which of the following sites should the educator identify as a source of secondary prevention. A. Day care center B. Outpatient rehabilitation center C. Community recreational center D. Crisis center

Crisis center A crisis center, which has the goal of early detection and treatment of mental health disorders, is an example of secondary public health prevention.

A nurse is performing an ECG on a client who is experiencing chest pain. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? A. You might feel a slight tingling while the test is being done B. The test will complete in 30-60 minutes C. I will need to apply electrodes to your chest and extremities D. The radioactivity from the dye lasts only a few hours.

I will need to apply electrodes to your chest and extremities The nurse should inform the client that she will apply small electrodes to the client's chest and extremities before conducting the test. These electrodes transmit electrical current and allow for the recording of the heart's electrical activity.

A nurse on a telemetry unit is caring for a client who has premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). While sitting in a chair, the client reports feeling lightheaded. If the client is having PVCs, which of the following findings should the nurse expect when auscultating the client's apical pulse? A. Bounding pulsations B. Irregular pulsations C. Tachycardia D. Bradycardia

Irregular pulsations PVCs are early ventricular depolarizations with a pause immediately afterwards. That pause in the usual heart rhythm results in an irregular force and rate on palpation of a peripheral pulse and an irregular beat on auscultation of the apical pulse. PVCs have a wide variety of causes. Clients typically perceive them as "palpitations" and can feel lightheaded if they occur frequently.

​A community health nurse is reviewing levels of disease prevention. Which of the following activities is an example of tertiary population? A. Providing treatment for clients who have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease B. Performing screening for sexually transmitted infections C. Administering influenza immunizations at a local health fair D. Testing new nurses for exposure to tuberculosis.

Providing treatment for clients who have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Tertiary prevention reduces complications and disabilities experienced by clients who already have a medical illness.

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who reports substernal chest pain and dyspnea. The client is vomiting and is diaphoretic. Which of the following lab tests are used to diagnose MI? A. Troponin I B. Troponin T C. LDL D. CPK E. Myoglobin

Troponin I, Troponin T, Myoglobin Troponin I is a myocardial muscle protein that is released when there is injury to cardiac muscle. Levels are elevated as early as 2 to 3 hr following a myocardial infarction. Troponin T is correct. Troponin T is a myocardial muscle protein that is released when there is injury to cardiac muscle. Levels are elevated as early as 2 to 3 hr following a myocardial infarction. Myoglobin is correct. Elevation of myoglobin indicates myocardial injury. Myoglobin levels will significantly increase within approximately 3 hours following myocardial infarction. This test is used in conjunction with other diagnostic tests to support a diagnosis of myocardial infarction.

A nurse is caring for a client who came to the emergency department reporting chest pain. The provider suspects a myocardial infarction. While waiting for the troponin levels report, the client asks what this blood test will show. Which of the following explanations should the nurse provide to the client?

Troponin is a heart muscle protein that appears in the bloodstream when there is damage to the heart Troponin is a myocardial muscle protein that releases into the bloodstream when there is injury to the myocardial muscle. Troponin levels are specific point-of-care testing for clients who are having a myocardial infarction.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for digoxin 0.25mg PO daily for heart failure. the client's current v/s are: Bp: 144/96, HR: 54/min, RR: 18/min, & temp: 98.6 degrees. which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Administer digoxin 0.125mg B. Administer digoxin 0.25mg C. Withhold the digoxin dose for elevated BP D. Withhold the digoxin dose for decreased pulse rate

Withhold the digoxin dose for decreased pulse rate The nurse should withhold the prescribed dose of digoxin as the heart rate is less than 60/min, and notify the provider.