Cell Organelles

When farmers spray pesticides on their crops, insects or other animals still inevitably eat some of the plants. How can their bodies tolerate toxic compounds?

But the one to focus on is that pesticides and other compounds—like many drugs—can be detoxified, or processed in a way that makes them less harmful. This detoxification happens on the smooth ER, a series of membranes that contains enzymes that can alter the structure of molecules such as drugs and pesticides.

An example of ribosomes on the rough end of endoplasmic reticulum would be ?

Fireflies

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In eukaryotic cells, most ribosomes are located on the rough ER, a series of interconnected flattened sacs, tubes, and channels within the cell. Proteins made on ribosomes on the rough ER are packaged inside protective compartments called vesicles. The vesicles protect proteins when they leave the cell to travel to other parts of the body.

Only __________ cells contain ___________.

eukaryotic,organelles

Mitochondria have an _______membrane and and ________ membranes

inner and outer

A firefly relies on a protein called luciferase to produce light. It's an enzyme that catalyzes a light-producing reaction in a special organ in the insect's abdomen.

luciferase

___________ and a few other types of organisms are _____________, meaning their cells are prokaryotic.

Bacteria,prokaryotes

What is the mitochondria also known as?

Cells powerhouses

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DNA resides in the nucleus of a cell, and it duplicates itself there. In addition, a region of the nucleus called the nucleolus is where ribosome synthesis begins. Ribosomes play an important role in protein synthesis. The nucleus is generally larger than any organelle.

A network of membranes in a eukaryotic cell, some with ribosomes attached, that is interconnected with the outer nuclear membrane. Some they float in the cell's cytoplasm, but most are located on this rough organelle.

Endoplasmic reticulum

A membranous organelle of a eukaryotic cell, which manufactures or modifies, packages, sorts, and transports molecules of the cell

Golgi Body

What protein do jellyfish have that produces light?

Green fluorescent protein

Consists of many folds,which gives the membrane a substantial surface area.

Inner

How does a cell conduct the functions throughout the body ?

Inside each of your cells, small membrane-bound structures called organelles play different roles in not only breaking down food, but also generating energy, building new molecules, and producing more cells.

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It receives the products of the ER (mostly proteins), sorts their contents, modifies them, and distributes them throughout the cell. Some cells have many Golgi bodies. Golgi bodies package many kinds of special materials for the cell. One example of the effects of the function of the Golgi body occurs in snails and slugs. Snails and slugs are slimy-that is, they produce slime that helps them slide across the ground or the grass. Where does that slime come from? The cell's own shipping and receiving center takes care of the task of delivering slime from inside the snail to outside the snail. Slime is mostly proteins. The Golgi body receives slime proteins from the ER, and then packages the slime in vesicles. Each vesicle leaves the Golgi body and fuses to the outer membrane of the cell. The vesicle then releases its slimy contents outside the cell.

Membrane-bound organelles, usually spherical, that contain enzymes to break down molecules in eukaryotic cells. They also play an important role in the immune system. An example of this would be.. As the tadpole develops, this enzyme destroys the cells making up the tail.

Lysosomes

Organelles that are the sites of cellular respiration and are the site of cellular (aerobic) respiration, the process that converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP, a form of usable energy.

Mitochondria.

Small organelles, made of RNA and protein; sites of protein synthesis. Also known as the cell's workbenches.

Ribosomes

_________and _____ are assembled on structures within cells called ribosomes.

Myosin and actin

A differentiated structure within a cell, such as a mitochondrion, vacuole, or chloroplast, that performs a specific function.

Organelles

What cells are made of the same type that humans are?

Organisms as different as sea anemones, zebras, ferns, oysters, and luna moths.

____________ embedded in the inner membrane help in the production of ATP, and the large surface area of the membrane increases the space available for ATP synthesis.

Proteins

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The matrix of each mitochondrion contains some of the enzymes needed in cellular respiration.

After your body performs some parts of digestion, your cells process the_________________,________, and _______ in the food.

carbohydrates,lipids,and proteins

The membrane surrounding the cell; composed of a bilayer of phospholipids

cell membrane

Cells called ____________ , for example, engulf bacteria and digest them with enzymes contained in lysosomes.

macrophages

Cells of all multicell organisms contain ______________-____________.

membrane-bound organelles

Organelles within cells carry out many of the metabolic tasks important to living things.

metabolic tasks

A region of the nucleus where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is produced

nucleolus

Eukaryotic cells contain a ________ , in which DNA resides.

nucleus

A prokaryotic cell lacks a ____________ and a ______________________________.

nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

A eukaryotic cell has a _________, _____________________, and ________________________.

nucleus,multiple chromosomes,and membrane-bound organelles

This energy is used in the chemical process called ________________________, which produces glucose from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.

photosynthesis

All ______ and _________ are made of a ________________.

plants and animals, eukaryotic

What cell does not have a membrane-bound organelles or nucleus?

prokaryotic cell

The lysosome contains many types of digestive enzymes that break down large organic molecules such as __________,_________ ,________________, and _______________. They also break down other organelles in the cell, returning the raw materials—nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates—to the cell's interior. Doing so enables the cell to reassemble new organelles in a process of constant renewal.

protiens,fats,nucleic acids,and carbohydrates.