Cell Organelles

A small living part of a multicellular organism that eats to gain energy and reproduces sexually; cellular respiration occurs in animal cells

Animal Cell

Double layer of phospholipids (lipid bilayer) that surrounds the cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

Cell Membrane

Thick outer layer in plant cells. Made of the carbohydrate cellulose. It maintains the shape of these cells and creates a protective barrier. Fluid collects in the plant cell's vacuole and pushes against it, creating turgor pressure. Also found in fungi, algae, and some bacteria.

Cell Wall

Play a role in mitosis (cell division), in animal cels only - Ring of nine groups of fused microtubules. Three microtubles in each group. These are part of the cytoskeleton.

Centriole

Use carbon dioxide, water and sunlight to carry out photosynthesis. Found in plant cells and some protists. They reflect green light while absorbing all other colors.

Chloroplast

Structures that eukaryotic DNA gets packaged into with the help of many proteins.

Chromosomes

Part of the cell that is outside the nucleus; contains organelles

Cytoplasm

Helps maintain cell shape. Its primary importance is in cell motility. It makes the cell move internally and externally.

Cytoskeleton

modifies, sorts, and packages proteins to be transported out of the cell.

Golgi Apparatus/Golgi Bodies

Contains digestive enzymes necessary for breaking down materials within a cell

Lysosome

An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur.

Mitochondria

Provides energy to cell. Have a double membrane. The outside is smooth but the inner is highly folded to increase its surface area. Cellular respiration is performed here, making energy (ATP) for the cell. Has its own DNA and ribosomes - Powerhouse of the cell

Mitochondria

A double membrane that surrounds the nucleus. The nucleus envelope has many nuclear pores which are small channels that allows certain molecules to move in and out of the nucleus.

Nuclear Envelope

This produces ribosomes and is NOT a "regular" organelle; found in the nucleus

Nucleolus

DNA is found in the nucleus, RNA is also made here; controls the cells activites

Nucleus

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell

Organelle

tiny organs within a cell that carry out a specific task

Organelle

protect cell from its own production of toxic hydrogen peroxide. They break it down back into water and oxygen.

Peroxisomes

A small living part of a multicellular organism that makes its own food in chloroplast and reproduces sexually or asexually.

Plant Cell

A single‐celled organism that lacks a membrane‐bound nucleus and specialized organelles.

Prokaryote

Assembles proteins; free ribosomes make proteins that will stay in the cell. Attached ribosomes (attached to the ER) make proteins that will be transported out of the cell.

Ribosome

Proteins are made on the endoplasmic reticulum's ribosomes. They are collected inside the endoplasmic reticulum and transported throughout the cell. Transports and modifies organelles, highway for cell.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Assembles membrane lipids and detoxifies the cell of drugs; no ribosomes on this organelle.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Store waste products, nutrients, and water. In plant cells it also store nutrients, and regulates turgor pressure in the cell.

Vacuoles