Cells UNIT EXAM

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selectively permeable

allows some substance through; does not let other substances through

nucleus

control center of the cell; contains DNA

respiration

converting glucose into ATP energy

photosynthesis

converting sunlight into glucose

DNA

deoxyribonucleic acid; genetic blue print

lysosome

digests waste in cell

cancer

disease of abnormal cell divison

mitosis

division of the nucleus; part of cell division

equilibrium

equal amount of substances on either side

variable

factor being measured by an experiment

line graph

graph used to show change over time

chlorophyll

green pigment that captures sunlight for photosynthesis

X axis

horizontal axis, holds independent variable

cytoplasm

jelly-like substance that supports organelles in cell

multicellular

made of many cells

unicellular

made of only one cell

passive transport

movement of substances across a membrane without the use of energy

diffusion

movement of substances from high concentration to low concentration in order to create equilibrium

osmosis

movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in order to create equilibrium

active transport

moving materials across the cell membrane by using ATP energy

reproduction

offspring produced by parent(s)

chloroplast

organelle in plant cell; captures sunlight for photosynthesis

golgi bodies

packages and modifies proteins for transport

mitochondria

powerhouse of the cell; converts glucose into ATP energy

cell division

process by which a cell duplicates

ribosomes

produce proteins

cell membrane

protects cell; controls what enters and exits cell

cell wall

protects plant cell; maintains shape

gene

segment of DNA that codes for a certain trait

vacuole

storage of nutrients and water

chromosome

tightly coiled segment of DNA; humans have 46

repair

to fix or mend

endoplasmic reticulum

transports materials throughout the cell

unit of measure

unit which the variable is measured

Y axis

vertical axis, holds dependent variable


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