cellular molecular biology

The size range of most plant and animal cells is ________. A) 1-10 nm B) 1-5 μm C) 10-50 μm D) 0.1-0.5 mm E) 50-100 mm

10-50 μm

Prokaryotes have ________S ribosomes with ________S and ________S subunits, whereas eukaryotes have ________S ribosomes with ________S and ________S subunits. A) 80, 50, 30 . . . 100, 60, 40 B) 100, 60, 50 . . . 90, 60, 40 C) 70, 50, 30 . . . 80, 60, 40 D) 70, 40, 30 . . . 80, 50, 30 E) 80, 60, 40 . . . 70, 50, 30

Prokaryotes have 70 S ribosomes with 50 S and 30 S subunits, whereas eukaryotes have 80 S ribosomes with 60 S and 40 S subunits.

Which of the following is a eukaryotic characteristic? A) cell fission B) membrane-bound nucleus C) little processing of RNA D) 70S ribosomes E) none of the above

membrane-bound nucleus

A protein is destined to be secreted from a cell. In which organelle would you expect to find the protein just after it is produced in the rough endoplasmic reticulum? A) endosome B) lysosome C) secretory vesicle D) Golgi apparatus E) nucleus

Golgi apparatus

Which of the following organelles is NOT generally found in animal cells? A) food vacuole B) centriole C) endoplasmic reticulum D) central vacuole E) mitochondrion

central vacuole

Which of the following is true of a lysosome? A) The lysosome may mature from a late endosome. B) The lysosome may function in glycosylation. C) The contents of the lysosome originate in the smooth ER. D) The lysosome functions in export packaging. E) all of the above

the lyosome ma mature from a late endosome

Which of the following diseases is caused by a peroxisomal defect? A) Zellweger syndrome B) sickle-cell anemia C) Tay-Sachs disease D) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy E) I-cell disease

Zellweger sydrome

The methanobacteria, halobacteria, and sulfobacteria are included in which domain? A) eubacteria B) protista C) blue-green algae D) archaea E) all of the above

archaea

Which of the following is included as part of the eubacteria? A) methanogens B) thermacidophiles C) cyanobacteria D) halobacteria E) sulfobacteria

cyanobacteria

When the size of a cell increases, the surface area/volume ratio A) decreases initially and then begins to increase. B) remains the same. C) decreases. D) increases initially and then begins to decrease. E) increases.

decreases

Intermediate filaments are A) different in different cell types. B) smaller than actin filaments. C) composed of tubulin. D) composed of globular proteins only. E) none of the above

different in different cell types

Which of the following processes would be most likely to occur in the Golgi complex? A) synthesis of steroids B) production and packaging of lipids C) glycosylation of proteins D) synthesis of DNA E) detoxification of drugs

glcosylation of proteins

A(n) ________ is composed of tetrameric protofilaments. A) extracellular matrix B) microtubule C) bacteriophage D) microfilament E) intermediate filament

intermediate filament

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions in synthesis of A) lipids. B) polysaccharides. C) proteins. D) DNA. E) all of the above

lipids

Which of the following diseases is caused by a prion? A) polio B) Zellweger's syndrome C) Tay-Sachs disease D) infantile Refsum disease E)mad cow disease

mad cow disease

Which of the following is NOT generally associated with a chloroplast? A) thylakoids B) grana C) stroma D) matrix E) both A and B

matrix

The major structural elements of the cytoskeleton are A) the extracellular matrix and the cell wall. B) microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. C) the cytoplasm and cytosol. D) cleavage furrows and G-actin. E) proteoglycans and cellulose microfibrils.

microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments

Which organelle has only a single membrane around it? A) ribosome B) nucleus C) mitochondrion D) chloroplast E) peroxisome

peroxisome

Glyoxysomes play an important role in the germination of fat-storing seeds and are considered to be specialized ________. A) peroxisomes B) lysosomes C) vacuoles D) centrioles E) ribosomes

peroxisomes

Which of the following is true of plant cells? A) Plant cells may contain chloroplasts. B) Plant cells are always much larger than animal cells. C) Chromosomes are found only in plant cells. D) Only plant cells have a cell membrane. E) The plant cell has no cell wall.

plant cells may contain chloroplasts

Which of the following is least likely to be part of a cell membrane? A) proteoglycans B) phospholipids C) glycoproteins D) transport proteins E) enzymes

proteoglycans

Membrane proteins may function in A) receiving extracellular signals. B) amphipathic modification. C) temperature control. D) protein manufacture. E) information storage.

receiving extracellular signals

Which sequence reflects the locations that a secretory protein will visit on its way from its production to its secretion outside the cell? A) rough ER, secretory vesicle, Golgi complex, ER vesicle B) rough ER, Golgi complex, smooth ER, ER vesicle C) nucleus, Golgi complex, rough or smooth ER, secretory vesicle D) smooth ER, rough ER, Golgi complex, secretory vesicle E) rough ER, ER vesicle, Golgi complex, secretory vesicle

rough ER, ER vesicle, Golgi complex, secretory vesicle

The cytosol is best described as the A) fluid within the nucleus. B) three-dimensional array of interconnected filaments. C) semifluid substance in which organelles are suspended. D) internal contents of organelles. E) area of the cell not occupied by the nucleus.

semifluid substance in which organelles are suspended