Cetartiodactyla
Suidae characteristics
4 toes on each foot Omnivorous, with simple stomachs: fungi, leaves, roots, bulbs, tubers, fruits, snails, worms, small vertebrates Males: corkscrew penis
Camelidae
Dromedary camel = One hump Bactrian = Two humped Also llamas, alpacas, Suborder - tylopoda (padded foot) 2 nails and soft pads instead of hooves ( walk funny) Herbivorous 3 chambered stomachs Slender necks, long legs Elliptical red blood cells (unique among mammals) unusual walking gait Induced ovulation (most species) The act of mating , ready when it happens. Release of egg is acted on mating
Artiodactyls Traits
Even Toed Ungulates Paraxonic weight distribution, with ah split hoof Unguligrade Herbivorous Suina = more omnivorous Large body size
Antelopes, cattle, gazelles, goats, sheep, wildebeest, hartebeest 143 species
Bovidae Largest family in this section True horns Grazing Long history of domestication Milk
Deer
Cervidae Antlers Tusks in tufted deer, muntjac, chinese water deer Glands/Pheromones Epidermal (skin) covering called velvet
Musk Deer
Moschidae (not deer) Lack antlers and facial glands Upper canines enlarged as tusks *Musk gland present - musk used in perfumes, medicine. (where they get there name) Forested and alpine scrub habitats in the mountains of southern asia
Tayassuidae
Peccaries or Javelinas Native to the New World- Entered SA during Great American Interchange 2-3 mya Omnivorous: roots, grasses, seeds, fruit, and cacti 3 chambered stomach Social, often in herds- up to 100 individuals
Suidae
Pigs
Giraffes, Okapi
Giraffidae - Walk like camels Ossicones - Horn cores on head. In males and females Establish dominance hierarchy (male battles) IUCN Conservation status - Giraffe - least concern Okapi- endangered
Hippopotamidae
Hippopotamus, Pygmy Hippo Large 4 Toes, walk on all of them Unguligrade, but not hooved (thick pads) Herbivorous, 3 chambered stomach Lack sebaceous and sweat glands, thin skin dehydrate easily Mostly eat during night, in water during day Canines enlarged as tusks
Artiodactyls families (excluding cetacae)
camelidae sundae tayassuidae Hippopotamidae- Hippos Tragulidae - Mouse deer Antilocapridae - pronghorn Giraffidae Cervidae Moschidae Bovidae -
