Ch. 1 - Introduction to Psychology Quiz

Behaviorists all focus on ________. Select one: a. physiological responses that result in action b. the subconscious c. individual attitudes d. free will

A

Cognitive psychology focuses on studying ________. Select one: a. thoughts and their relationship to our experiences and our actions b. genetics and the effect of genetics on behavior c. sensation and the effect of culture on perception d. the effect of gender, race, and class on behavior

A

Dr. Bogdarian noticed that one of her students addresses her with the word mother instead of the word professor or doctor. Dr. Bogdarian applies the principles of ________, and hypothesizes the student misspeaks because he is unconsciously associating her with his mother.

A

Edmund wants to identify relatively consistent patterns of thought and behavior, measure these traits, and determine how these traits interact in a particular context to determine how a person will behave in any given situation. Edmund wants to conduct research in the area of ________. Select one: a. personality b. cognition c. social psychology d. perception

A

Psychoanalytic theory focuses on ________ and early childhood experiences. Select one: a. a person's unconsciousness b. fetal development c. sexual identity d. a person's consciousness

A

What do structuralism, Gestalt psychology, and Sigmund Freud all have in common? Select one: a. They were all concerned with describing and understanding the inner experience. b. They were all concerned with the nature of evil during the Nazi regime. c. Introspection refers to a process by which someone examines ________ as objectively as possible. d. They were all concerned with diagnosing and treating female psychosis.

A

Which aspect of the scientific method occurs first? Select one: a. hypothesis b. experiment c. data collection d. observation

A

Which of the following is a criticism of structuralism? Select one: a. The process was highly subjective. b. Structuralism was parsimonious. c. Wilhelm Wundt falsified his results. d. Scientific instruments were not sensitive enough to measure precise reaction times.

A

A series of dots arranged in the shape of a face will be perceived as a face, not a series of dots. A psychologist studying this phenomenon is applying the principals of ________. Select one: a. structuralism b. Gestalt psychology c. psychoanalytic theory d. humanism

B

Ashya wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. What area of psychology should she work in? Select one: a. social psychology b. clinical psychology c. cognitive psychology d. organizational psychology

B

Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by ________. Select one: a. studying implicit motivations for behavior through the use of implicit association tests b. studying overt behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental processes c. studying how emotional responses influence behavior while deemphasizing the importance of the subconscious d. studying the genetic basis for behavior and theorizing how instincts influence behavior

B

Guillermo spends some time each day applying the principles of structuralism to examine his own conscious experience as carefully as possible. Guillermo is engaged in ________. Select one: a. client-centered therapy b. introspection c. psychoanalysis d. behaviorism

B

I provide Ralph with the positive reinforcement of a candy bar when he does something I like. I punish him by squirting him with a squirt gun when he does something I don't like. I am applying the principles of ________ in an attempt to modify Ralph's behavior. Select one: a. functionalism b. operant conditioning c. humanism d. classical conditioning

B

Introspection refers to a process by which someone examines ________ as objectively as possible. Select one: a. the social construction of consciousness b. another person's unconsciousness c. her own conscious experience d. her own subconscious experience

C

Which of the following does not influence perception? Select one: a. previous experiences b. cultural background c. Gestalt d. where we focus our attention

C

Which of the following is a criticism of evolutionary psychology? Select one: a. There are no female evolutionary psychologists. b. It is easy to disprove theories developed by evolutionary psychologists. c. Demonstrating that a trait, especially in humans, is naturally selected is extraordinarily difficult. d. It places too much emphasis on the unconscious (id, ego, superego) in determining human behavior.

C

For a scientific explanation to be testable, it must also be ________. Select one: a. conscious and unconscious b. experimental and provable c. hypothesized and theoretical d. perceivable and measurable

D

Lucy wants to study changes in cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan. Lucy should specialize in ________ psychology. Select one: a. cognitive b. personality c. social d. developmental

D

Select the correctly ordered list of psychological perspectives, with the earliest perspective listed first. Select one: a. humanism, behaviorism, structuralism, functionalism b. humanism, structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism c. structuralism, functionalism, humanism, behaviorism d. structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, humanism

D

Susan wants to study prejudice, attraction, how we explain our own behavior versus how we explain the behavior of others, and how we resolve interpersonal conflicts. Susan should conduct research in the area of ________. Select one: a. Gestalt psychology b. personality c. psychoanalysis d. social psychology

D