ch 10
3) The primary job of erythrocytes is to transport oxygen. Answer:
T
1) Normal blood pH is between 7.35 and 7.45. Answer:
TRUE
1) The neutrophil is indicated by ________. A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D Answer: Page Ref: 339, 340 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
a
20) The rate of erythrocyte production is controlled by a hormone known as ________. A) erythropoietin B) insulin C) growth hormone D) aldosterone Answer:
a
1) The matrix of blood is called ________. A) buffy coat B) plasma C) erythrocytes D) lymphocytes E) formed elements Answer:
b
13) Life at a high altitude can lead to a red blood cell disorder known as ________. A) anemia B) polycythemia C) leukocytosis D) leukemia Answer: Page Ref: 341-342 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
b
14) A total white blood cell count above 11,000 cells/mm3 is a condition known as ________. A) leukopenia B) leukocytosis C) polycythemia D) anemia Answer: Page Ref: 342 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
b
3) The monocyte is indicated by ________. A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D Answer: Page Ref: 339 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
b
7) Normal whole blood contains ________ g of hemoglobin per 100 mL. A) 4-8 B) 12-18 C) 15-20 D) 30-35 E) 42-48 Answer:
b
18) Where does hematopoiesis produce new red blood cells? A) yellow bone marrow B) articular cartilage C) red bone marrow D) epiphyseal line E) synovial membrane Answer:
c
2) In a centrifuged blood sample, the buffy coat situated between the formed elements and the plasma contains ________. A) leukocytes and erythrocytes B) platelets and erythrocytes C) leukocytes and platelets D) eythrocytes only E) leukocytes only Answer:
c
2) The eosinophil is indicated by ________. A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D Answer: Page Ref: 339 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
c
20) The average functional lifespan of an RBC is ________. A) 20-30 days B) 50-75 days C) 100-120 days D) one year E) the body's lifetime Answer:
c
21) An immature RBC which contains some endoplasmic reticulum is called a(n) ________. A) megakaryocyte B) hemocytoblast C) reticulocyte D) agranulocyte E) granulocyte Answer:
c
38) The process whereby the binding of antibodies to antigens causes RBCs to clump is called ________. A) hemostasis B) coagulation C) agglutination D) clotting cascade E) hemolysis Answer:
c
16) Place these leukocytes in order from the most common to the least common: 1) basophil 2) eosinophil 3) lymphocyte 4) monocyte 5) neutrophil A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 B) 3, 4, 5, 1, 2 C) 5, 3, 2, 4, 1 D) 5, 2, 3, 1, 4 E) 5, 3, 4, 2, 1 Answer:
e
10) Erythropoeitin is released to stimulate platelet production in response to inadequate amounts of oxygen in the blood. Answer:
f
11) Vascular spasms, a part of process of hemostasis, limit blood loss during blood vessel injury. Answer:
t
23) The application of a sterile gauze to a cut aids with ________. A) platelet plug formation B) the release of tissue factor C) the formation of fibrin D) coagulation E) vascular spasms Answer:
a
26) The blood type that contains both antigens A and B is ________. A) AB B) A C) B D) O Answer:
a
28) If you carry the Rh antigen, you are referred to as Rh ________. A) positive B) sensitive C) negative D) compatible Answer:
a
37) A substance that stimulates the immune system to release antibodies is the ________. A) antigen B) antibody C) interleukin D) fibrinogen E) prothrombin activator Answer:
a
6) The most common type of leukocyte is indicated by ________. A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D Answer: Page Ref: 339, 343 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
a
24) When antibodies bind to antigens on foreign blood types, clumping or ________ occurs. A) coagulation B) hematopoiesis C) agglutination D) alkalosis Answer:
c
29) The condition in which maternal antibodies cross the placenta and destroy the baby's RBCs is called ________. A) hemophilia B) thrombus C) hemolytic disease of the newborn D) physiologic jaundice Answer:
c
34) The organ largely responsible for the synthesis of clotting factors is the ________. A) pancreas B) thyroid C) liver D) spleen E) kidneys Answer:
c
41) Molly has blood type A and her daughter has blood type B. Why can't Molly donate blood to her daughter? A) Blood types A and B will coagulate during a transfusion. B) Mothers cannot donate blood to their daughters. C) Blood type B contains anti-A antibodies, which will agglutinate with type A blood. D) Blood transfusions cannot be performed among relatives. E) Only fathers can donate blood to their daughters. Answer:
c
46) Compatibility testing for agglutination of donor RBCs by the recipients' serum is called ________. A) blood typing B) transfusion reaction C) cross matching D) hemolysis E) hemodialysis Answer:
c
30) A persistent clot in an unbroken blood vessel is known as ________. A) an embolus B) polycythemia C) hemophilia D) a thrombus E) leukopenia Answer:
d
3) Blood is ________. A) acidic B) cooler than body temperature C) sweet tasting D) composed mostly of white blood cells and platelets E) slightly alkaline Answer: Page Ref: 338
e
12) Calcium is necessary for coagulation to properly occur during hemostasis. Answer:
t
14) Rh-related problems occur in pregnant Rh- women carrying an Rh+ baby. Answer:
t
22) What enzyme joins soluble fibrinogen proteins into long molecules of fibrin during coagulation? A) PF3 B) thrombin C) tissue factor D) prothrombin E) calcium Answer:
b
27) A person with type B blood can receive blood from blood type(s) ________. A) AB, B B) B, O C) A, B, AB, O D) B, O, AB Answer:
b
27) Blood normally clots in approximately ________. A) 1 minute B) 3 to 6 minutes C) 5 to 10 minutes D) 15 minutes E) 30 minutes Answer:
b
8) Normal blood pH falls in a range between ________ to ________. A) 7.1; 7.2 B) 7.35; 7.45 C) 7.6; 7.75 D) 7.85; 8.05 Answer: Page Ref: 338 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
b
5) The granulocytes are indicated by ________ and ________. A) Label A; Label C B) Label B; Label A C) Label C; Label D D) Label D; Label B Answer: Page Ref: 339 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
a
5) Which formed element is the most abundant in blood? A) erythrocyte B) eosinophil C) platelet D) basophil E) lymphocyte Answer:
a
12) A decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood, for any reason, is a condition known as ________. A) polycythemia B) leukemia C) anemia D) leukocytosis Answer: Page Ref: 341 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
c
19) Low levels of oxygen in the blood stimulate the release of erythropoietin by the ________. A) stomach B) pancreas C) kidneys D) hypothalamus E) spleen Answer:
c
21) During coagulation, long, hairlike molecules known as ________ form the basis for a clot. A) thrombin B) prothrombin C) fibrin D) fibrinogen Answer:
c
24) The series of reactions that stop blood flow following a cut is called ________. A) homeostasis B) coagulation C) hemostasis D) erythropoiesis E) agglutination Answer:
c
7) The type of leukocyte that fights allergies and parasitic worms is indicated by ________. A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D Answer: Page Ref: 339, 343
c
9) An important plasma protein that contributes to the osmotic pressure of blood is ________. A) thyroglobulin B) fibrin C) albumin D) glucose Answer: Page Ref: 338 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
c
15) Cross matching prevents transfusion reactions by testing for agglutination between donor and recipient blood prior to the transfusion. Answer:
t
2) Erythrocytes make up the majority of the formed elements. Answer:
t
5) The amount of hemoglobin contained within a RBC determines its capability to transport oxygen. Answer:
t
8) All formed elements arise from a common type of stem cell called a hemocytoblast. Answer:
t
9) The life span of a red blood cell is 100 to 120 days. Answer:
t
35) Treatment of hemophilia often involves ________. A) transfusion of plasma and vitamin K supplements B) injections of missing clotting factors and vitamin B12 injections C) vitamin K supplements only D) transfusion of plasma or injections of missing clotting factor E) vitamin K supplements and vitamin B12 injections Answer:
d
36) Severe shock that can be fatal occurs with blood loss exceeding ________. A) 5 percent B) 10 percent C) 20 percent D) 30 percent E) 50 percent Answer:
d
4) The lymphocyte is indicated by ________. A) Label A B) Label B C) Label C D) Label D Answer: Page Ref: 339 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
d
40) The most common type of blood in the U.S. population is ________. A) A B) B C) AB D) O E) AO Answer:
d
25) The ABO blood groups are based on two antigens: antigen ________ and antigen ________. A) A; B B) A; O C) AB; O D) B; O Answer: Page Ref: 351
A
4) Polycythemia arises from an excess or abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells. Answer:
F
42) Hemolysis most likely will occur when ________. A) an Rh negative person receives the first transfusion of blood that is Rh positive B) any person receives blood type O during a transfusion C) an Rh positive person receives the first transfusion of blood that is Rh negative D) an Rh negative person receives the second transfusion of blood that is Rh positive E) platelets cling to the ruptured endothelium of a blood vessel Answer:
d
10) The percentage of erythrocytes in blood is known as the ________. A) hematocrit B) buffy coat C) hemoglobin D) plasma Answer: Page Ref: 338 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
a
43) Which blood type(s) can a person with blood type O receive? A) blood type A B) blood type B C) blood type AB D) blood type O E) blood types A, B, AB, or O Answer:
d
44) The immune serum used to prevent maternal sensitization to Rh antigens is ________. A) serotonin B) interleukin C) agglutinin D) RhoGAM E) fibrinogen Answer:
d
12) Which of the following cells are classified as granulocytes? A) neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils B) lymphocytes and monocytes C) eosinophils and monocytes D) basophils and lymphocytes E) neutrophils, lymphocytes, and eosinophils Answer:
a
18) Platelets are fragments of a multinucleate cell known as a ________. A) megakaryocyte B) erythrocyte C) reticulocyte D) monocyte Answer: Page Ref: 343 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
a
23) Substances that the body recognizes as foreign are called ________. A) antigens B) antibodies C) formed elements D) megakaryocytes Answer:
a
39) Which blood type contains the A antigen only? A) blood type A B) blood type B C) blood type AB D) blood types A and AB E) blood type O Answer:
a
A) platelet B) leukocyte C) erythrocyte 1) Excess numbers of these cells cause leukocytosis Page Ref: 342 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge 2) Alternate name for white blood cell Page Ref: 342 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge 3) Granulocytes and agranulocytes are classified as types of these cells Page Ref: 343 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge 4) Excess of these cells cause polycythemia Page Ref: 341 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge 5) Type of cell produced in response to erythropoietin Page Ref: 345 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge 6) Cell fragments that form from the rupture of a megakaryocyte Page Ref: 343 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge 7) Immature form of this cell is called a reticulocyte Page Ref: 345 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge 8) Type of cell that contains hemoglobin for gas transport Page Ref: 340 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge 9) Most common type of blood cell Page Ref: 340 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge 10) Type of cell fragment involved in hemostasis Page Ref: 347 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge Answers: 1) B 2) B 3) B 4) C 5) C 6) A 7) C 8) C 9) C 10) A
Answers: 1) B 2) B 3) B 4) C 5) C 6) A 7) C 8) C 9) C 10) A
A) Blood type A B) Blood type O C) Blood type AB 11) The blood type that has no antigens Page Ref: 351 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge 12) The blood type that possesses the A antigen only Page Ref: 351 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge 13) The blood type that can receive blood types B and AB Page Ref: 351 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge 14) The blood type that forms both anti-A and anti-B antibodies Page Ref: 351 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge 15) The most common blood type Page Ref: 351 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge 16) The blood type that does not form anti-A or anti-B antibodies Page Ref: 351 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
Answers: 11) B 12) A 13) C 14) B 15) B 16) C
14) The most numerous of the white blood cells are the ________. A) lymphocytes B) neutrophils C) eosinophils D) monocytes E) basophils Answer:
b
15) The process by which white blood cells travel through the wall of blood vessels is termed ________. A) diffusion B) diapedesis C) filtration D) chemotaxis Answer: Page Ref: 342 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
b
17) White blood cells containing granules and lobed nuclei are classified as ________. A) agranulocytes B) granulocytes C) thrombocytes D) neutrophils Answer: Page Ref: 343 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
b
22) Hereditary bleeding disorders that result from lack of clotting factors are referred to as ________. A) petechiae B) hemophilia C) aplastic anemia D) thrombocytopneia Answer:
b
28) The formation of an insoluble clot during hemostasis is termed ________. A) agglutination B) coagulation C) hematopoiesis D) positive chemotaxis E) diapedesis Answer:
b
29) Which of the following insoluble fibers forms a mesh network and the basis for the formation of a clot during coagulation? A) albumin B) fibrin C) thrombin D) fibrinogen E) hemoglobin Answer:
b
31) Which of the following is a blood clotting disorder? A) polycythemia B) hemophilia C) leukocytosis D) leukopenia E) anemia Answer:
b
33) The ion essential for blood clotting is ________. A) sodium B) calcium C) iodine D) potassium E) hydrogen Answer:
b
4) The hematocrit is the percentage of ________. A) plasma in blood B) erythrocytes in blood C) leukocytes in blood D) formed elements in blood E) platelets in blood Answer:
b
47) Physiologic jaundice occurring in newborns results from ________. A) bone marrow disorders B) accumulation of destroyed fetal red blood cells C) a diseased gallbladder that needs to be removed D) erythrocyte mutations E) vitamin deficiencies Answer:
b
6) Erythrocytes ________. A) possess lobed nuclei and cytoplasmic granules B) lack a nucleus and most organelles C) are the least common of all formed elements D) travel by diapedesis through the walls of vessels E) clot blood Answer:
b
9) White blood cells differ from red blood cells because only they contain ________. A) a biconcave shape B) a nucleus and most organelles C) the ability to transport both oxygen and carbon dioxide D) the iron-containing molecule called hemoglobin E) cytoplasm Answer:
b
10) Jordan works in a hematology lab and received a blood report showing 22,000 white blood cells per cubic millimeter of blood for a patient. He determines this patient has ________. A) a normal blood count B) polycythemia C) anemia D) leukocytosis E) leukopenia Answer:
d
11) Each hemoglobin molecule is able to transport ________ molecules of oxygen. A) 1 (one) B) 2 ( two) C) 3 (three) D) 4 (four) Answer: Page Ref: 341 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
d
11) The two major groups of white blood cells are ________. A) leukocytes and erythrocytes B) platelets and megakaryocytes C) neutrophils and basophils D) granulocytes and agranulocytes E) granulocytes and leukocytes Answer:
d
13) Which type of granulocyte produces antibodies? A) eosinophils B) basophils C) neutrophils D) lymphocytes E) monocytes Answer:
d
15) Which type of leukocyte contains heparin, an anticoagulant? A) neutrophil B) monocyte C) lymphocyte D) basophil E) eosinophil Answer:
d
16) Abnormally low levels of white blood cells causes a condition known as ________. A) leukocytosis B) anemia C) thrombocytopenia D) leukopenia Answer: Page Ref: 343 Bloom's: 1) Knowledge
d
17) Platelets are fragments of multinucleate cells called ________. A) erythrocytes B) eosinophils C) basophils D) megakaryocytes E) macrophages Answer:
d
19) The process by which bleeding is stopped is called ________. A) hematopoiesis B) erythropoiesis C) homeostasis D) hemostasis Answer:
d
25) Which one of the following represents the proper sequence of hemostasis? A) platelet plug formation, coagulation, vascular spasm B) vascular spasm, coagulation, platelet plug formation C) coagulation, vascular spasm, platelet plug formation D) vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation E) coagulation, platelet plug formation, vascular spasm Answer:
d
30) The condition in which fetal RBCs are destroyed faster than the infant liver can rid the body of the breakdown products of hemoglobin is called ________. A) hemolytic disease of the newborn B) pernicious anemia C) sickle cell trait D) physiologic jaundice Answer:
d
26) Why do you think Mrs. Gonzalez was prescribed heparin, an anticoagulant? A) to enhance hematopoiesis B) to inhibit release of erythopoietin C) to enhance the formation of clots D) to increase vascular spasms E) to inhibit the formation of clots Answer:
e
32) Bleeding disorders often result from a lack of which one of the following vitamins ________. A) vitamin B12 B) vitamin A C) vitamin C D) vitamin D E) vitamin K Answer:
e
45) Which of these blood types carries no antigens? A) blood type A B) blood type B C) blood type AB D) blood types A, B, and AB E) blood type O Answer:
e
13) Blood type A can receive blood from blood types A and AB during a transfusion. Answer:
f
6) Megakaryocytes are classified as agranulocytes since they lack visible granules in the cytoplasm. Answer:
f
7) Basophils are the most numerous type of leukocyte. Answer:
f