Ch. 10: Intelligence

The theorist who mathematically identified 7 clusters of primary mental abilities and did not rank people on a single scale of general aptitude was

L.L. Thurstone

The distribution of intelligence test scores in the general population forms a bell-shaped pattern. This pattern is called

a normal curve

Researchers at one point in time assess and compare the performance of different age groups on the SAT. The procedure used in this research best illustrates a. a cross-sectional study. b. a cohort study. c. a longitudinal study. d. the Flynn effect.

a. a cross-sectional study.

Boys are most likely to outperform girls in a a. computerized video game competition. b. speed-reading tournament. c. spelling bee. d. speech-giving contest.

a. computerized video game competition.

Shannon believes intelligence is a product of an interaction between genes and environmental influences. Shannon's position is consistent with a. epigenetics. b. polygenetics. c. the family-environment effect. d. growth mind-set.

a. epigenetics.

The high positive correlations between scores received on comparable sections of the SAT and GRE provide evidence for the ________ of these test scores. a. reliability b. validity c. standardization d. normal distribution

a. reliability

Participants in the U.S. National Longitudinal Survey of Youth were tracked across 25 years. The researcher found that their intelligence test scores predicted their a. existential intelligence. b. income. c. emotional intelligence. d. spatial intelligence.

b. income

To assess whether intelligence is a single trait or a collection of several distinct abilities, psychologists have made extensive use of a. measures of creative intelligence. b. correlational research. c. the SAT Reasoning Test. d. factor analysis.

d. factor analysis

Psychologists would calculate the relationship between intelligence test scores and school grades in order to assess the ________ of the intelligence test. a. reliability b. standardization c. normal distribution d. predictive validity

d. predictive validity

Babies in an Iranian orphanage suffered delayed intellectual development due to

deprived environment

A cross-sectional study is one in which

different age groups are tested at the same time

Binet and Simon designed a test of intellectual abilities in order to

identify children likely to have difficulty learning in regular school classes

The restandardization of intelligence tests over the past decade renders ________ Americans eligible for special education and ________ Americans eligible for the death penalty.

more; fewer

J. McVicker Hunt observed children in an Iranian orphanage being raised in an extremely deprived environment. These children were passive and cognitively immature. Hunt's training program for caregivers, called ________, dramatically advanced the children's intellectual and language abilities.

tutored human enrichment

Five-year-old Wilbur performs on an intelligence test at a level characteristic of an average 4-year-old. Wilbur's mental age is

4

L. L. Thurstone believed that there is(are)

7 different primary mental abilities, each of which is a relatively independent element of intelligence

Research on racial and ethnic differences in intelligence indicates that a. school desegregation has actually decreased the academic achievement of Black American children. b. the average mathematics achievement test scores of Asian students are higher than those of North American students. c. among American Blacks, those with the most African ancestry receive the highest intelligence test scores. d. the Black-White difference in intelligence test scores has increased in recent years.

b. the average mathematics achievement test scores of Asian students are higher than those of North American students.

When completing a verbal aptitude test, members of an ethnic minority group are particularly likely to perform below their true ability levels if they believe that the test

biased against members of their own ethnic group

The heritability of intelligence is lowest among a. genetically similar individuals who have been raised in similar environments. b. genetically different individuals who have been raised in similar environments. c. genetically similar individuals who have been raised in different environments. d. genetically different individuals who have been raised in different environments.

c. genetically similar individuals who have been raised in different environments.

Educators who wish to affirm children's special talents and challenge them at the frontiers of their understanding advocate appropriate Select one: a. higher-level conceptual skills. b. development of cohort skills. c. placement suited to each child's talent. d. development of fluid skills.

c. placement suited to each child's talent.