Ch 11: Cardiovascular System TEST

the cause of essential hypertension

Not readily apparent or known

Cramp-like pain in the calf muscles caused by exercise and relieved by rest is called ________.

intermittent claudication

advanced atherosclerosis could likely lead to

myocardial infarction

injecting radiopaque dye to obtain x-ray visualization of the heart and large blood vessels

angiography

formation of fatty deposits on the inner lining of the coronary arteries

atherosclerosis

AV is the abbreviation for

atrioventricular

Mr. Smithson is diagnosed with a complete (third-degree) AV heart block. To restore normal rhythm, the cardiothoracic surgeon schedules Mr. Smithson for insertion of a

pacemaker

focusing sound waves on a blood vessel to measure the velocity of blood flow

doppler ultrasound

Beaming magnetic waves at the heart to produce an image and obtain information about heart and large vessel pathology

Cardiac MRI

PAC is the abbreviation for

premature atrial contractions

the combining form sphygm/o

pulse

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart that occurs when microorganisms invade its surface is called ___itis

endocard

Hyper_____ means increased cholesterol in the blood

cholesterolemia

the combining form thromb/o

clot

what is the correct spelling for the medical term that refers to a narrowing as can occur in the aorta

coarctation of the aorta

Rapid, random, inefficient contraction of the atria or ventricles is called

fibrillation

after three months of regular measurement, Mr. Jackson's BP ranges between 170/90 and 180/100. Mr. Jackson's bp is indicative of

hypertension

uncomfortable sensations in the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias are

palpitations

what is the correct spelling for the medical term that refers to the blue discoloration of the skin that can occur when there is a lack of oxygen in the blood

cyanosis

what is the correct spelling for the medical term that refers to a small red or purple spot caused by bleeding into the skin

petechia

Small, pinpoint hemorrhages are called

petechiae

a ___test is used to find evidence of a heart attack

serum enzyme

the instrument used to measure blood pressure is called a ___ometer

sphygmoman

what is the correct spelling for the medical term that refers to the instrument used to take a patient's blood pressure

sphygmomanometer

the circuit that the blood flows from the heart to the body's tissues and back is called ___ circulation

systemic

heart valves are necessarily designed to

keep blood flowing in one direction

to describe a vessel as being open, use the term

patent

PCTA is the abbreviation for

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

introducing a thin, flexible tube into a vein or artery and guiding it into the heart to detect pressures and patterns of blood flow

cardiac catheterization

what is the correct spelling for the medical term that refers to the condition in which blood or fluid collects in the sac surrounding the heart

cardiac tamponade

chest pain secondary to oxygen deprivation to the myocardium

angina pectoris

in systemic circulation, blood flows to the ___ after it leaves the left side of the heart

aorta

using high-frequency sound waves to show the structure and movement of the heart chambers and valves

echocardiography

Removal of plaques or fatty deposits from the innermost lining of an artery is called:

endarterectomy

deficient blood supply to the myocardium

ischemia

MVP is the abbreviation for

mitral valve prolapse

A ___ is an abnormal, prolonged heart sound caused by incomplete closure of heart valves

murmur

Mrs. Thompson is scheduled for same-day surgery. Her resting blood pressure is 112/78. The ______ pressure of this reading is 112.

systolic

blocking of an artery by a blood clot

thrombotic occlusion

the combining form valvul/o

valve

damaged or incompetent venous valves that fail to prevent backward flow of blood can lead to the development of

varicose veins

Damage to the heart valves produces lesions called ____ that can break off into the bloodstream as ______, material that travels through the blood

vegetations, emboli

The inter________ septum is the wall between the ventricles of the heart.

ventricular