Ch 11 Quiz

All of the following statements are true of the work done by southern slaves EXCEPT: a.by 1860, some 200,000 worked in factories. b.slaves sometimes were allowed to supervise other laborers, including white workers. c.masters rented out slaves to do a variety of jobs. d.the federal government used slaves to build forts and other public buildings in the South. e.slaves worked exclusively as agricultural field hands and house servants.

e

Fugitive slaves: a.generally understood that the North Star led to freedom. b.were more likely to be women than men, because they were trying to escape sexual assault. c.succeeded in escaping more frequently from the Deep South because they had access to ships leaving ports like New Orleans and Charleston. d.benefited from the refusal of non-slaveowners to participate in patrols that looked for fugitives. e.who escaped to Canada were routinely returned to slavery by the British authorities.

a

Free blacks in the United States: a.had the same rights as whites in the North but faced far more restrictions on their freedom in the South. b.tended to live in rural areas if they lived in the Lower South. c. sometimes became wealthy enough to own slaves. d.made up nearly one-third of the African-American population in the South. e.could testify in court and vote in most states, but could carry firearms only with the approval of the local sheriff.

c

Slave families: a.were rare because there were too few female slaves. b.were more common in the West Indies, where living conditions favored their formation and survival. c.were headed by women more frequently than were white families. d.usually were able to stay together because most slaveowners were paternalistic. e.avoided naming children for family members because children so often were sold, and it was better not to build strong kinship ties.

c

Which of the following was NOT true of the South and slavery in nineteenth-century America? a.The Old South had developed into the largest and most powerful slave society the modern world has known. b.The rate of natural increase in the slave population had more than made up for the ban on the international slave trade that was enacted in 1808. c.In the South as a whole, slaves made up only 10 percent of the population. d.The amount of money invested in or represented by slavery in the United States exceeded that of the nation's factories, banks, and railroads combined. e.The Industrial Revolution promoted slavery because it required intensive production of cotton.

c

Free blacks in the South were allowed to: a.own property. b.be bought and sold. c.carry a firearm. d.testify in court. e.vote.

a

From 1840 to 1860, the price of a "prime field hand": a.rose about 80 percent, which made it harder for southern whites to enter the slaveholding class. b.rose less than 10 percent, which kept the size of the planter class about the same. c.declined about 15 percent as the supply of slaves in the internal slave trade increased. d.became so inexpensive that the slaveholding class grew to include nearly two-thirds of southern whites. e.declined because labor-intensive agricultural work became less popular in the South.

a

In 1850, a majority of southern slaveholders owned how many slaves? a.1 to 5 b.6 to 10 c.15 to 20 d.25 to 30 e.at least 35

a

To qualify as a member of the planter class, a person had to be engaged in southern agriculture and: a.own at least ten slaves. b.grow specifically cotton or sugarcane. c.own at least twenty slaves. d.live in a large mansion. e.own at least fifty slaves.

c

Slave religion: a.was based entirely on what slaves learned and heard from white ministers. b.existed without approval from masters, who thought that letting slaves learn about religion might weaken their control. c.benefited from masters assigning a member of each slave quarters to serve as a slave chaplain. d.combined African traditions and Christian beliefs. e.died out by the early 1820s because of strong opposition from whites.

d

he U.S. slave population by 1860 was approximately: a.1 million. b.2 million. c.3 million. d.4 million. e.5 million.

d

In the South, the paternalist ethos: a.reflected the hierarchical society in which the planter took responsibility for the lives of those around him. b.declined after the War of 1812, as southern society became more centered on market relations rather than on personal relations. c.suffered because southern slaveholders lived among their slaves, so that the groups' constant exposure to each other made southern slavery more openly violent than elsewhere. d.brought southern society closer to northern ideals. e.encouraged southern women to become more active and better educated so that they could help their husbands in their paternal roles.

a

John C. Calhoun and George Fitzhugh: a.agreed that slavery was not a necessary evil but something actually positive and good. b.fought a famous duel that demonstrated the southern commitment to the idea of defending one's honor. c.competed for power in Andrew Jackson's administration. d.were known as two of the most vicious slaveholders, who regularly whipped their slaves. e.agreed on the need for slavery but disagreed as to whether it actually was beneficial to society.

a

Southern farmers in the backcountry: a.generally worked the land using family labor. b.were all directly involved in the market economy from the start of the nineteenth century. c.owned a substantial number of slaves. d.were highly self-sufficient but still bought most of their supplies from stores. e.were fortunate that their land was far better for farming than that owned by planters.

a

Urban slaves: a.most often were domestic servants. b.was a term coined by southerners to describe northern factory workers. c.had less autonomy than plantation slaves because there were more authorities to watch them. d.could work on their own and always kept the majority of their earnings. e.increasingly replaced skilled white laborers as the Civil War approached.

a

"Silent sabotage" can be defined as when slaves: a.ran away. b.did poor work and broke tools. c.learned how to read and write. d.secretly met to worship. e.named their children after kin.

b

Gender roles under slavery: a.were the same as those that existed in white society. b.differed from those of white society because men and women alike suffered a sense of powerlessness. c.greatly differed from those of whites when slaves were able to work on their own; the men took on more women's work and vice versa. d.meant that slave husbands refused to let their wives work in the fields. e.were unaffected by the ability of masters to take advantage of female slaves sexually.

b

Historians estimate that approximately __________slaves per year escaped to the North or Canada. a.500 b.1,000 c.2,000 d.5,000 e.10,000

b

In 1860, what percentage of southern white families were in the slaveowning class? a.10 percent b.25 percent c.40 percent d.55 percent e.75 percent

b

Jumping over a broomstick was a ceremony celebrating: a.a fugitive slave arriving in a free state. b.a slave marriage. c.the birth of a slave baby. d.surviving the Middle Passage. e.a slave's promotion from field hand to domestic servant.

b

On the eve of the Civil War, approximately how much of the world's cotton supply came from the southern United States? a.90 percent b.75 percent c.50 percent d.33 percent e.25 percent

b

The plantation masters had many means to maintain order among their slaves. According to the text, what was the most powerful weapon the plantation masters had? a.requiring slaves to attend church b.the threat of sale c.exploiting the divisions among slaves d.withholding food e.denying a marriage between two slaves

b

Which of the following is NOT true of the South and its economy in the period from 1800 to 1860? a.Southern cities, like New Orleans and Baltimore, lay mainly on the periphery of the South. b.The South produced nearly two-fifths of the nation's manufactured goods, especially cotton textiles. c.Slavery helped to discourage the immigration of white workers to the South, with such notable exceptions as New Orleans. d.Slavery proved very profitable for most slave owners. e.Southern banks existed mainly to finance plantations.

b

Which of the following statements about religious life among African-Americans in southern cities is true? a.Blacks usually worshipped in churches where they sat side-by-side with whites. b.Urban free blacks sometimes formed their own churches. c.African-Americans, free and slave, were banned from religious services. d.Free blacks could worship publicly, but slaves were not permitted to do so. e.The formation of the Afro-Catholic Church in 1844 was a major development in black Christianity.

b

By the late 1830s, the South's proslavery argument: a.rested on the premise that slavery was a necessary evil. b.was based entirely on secular evidence. c.had not yet been accepted by major southern political figures. d.claimed that slavery was essential to human economic and cultural progress. e.was roundly criticized by southern newspaper editors, ministers, and academics.

d

In the nineteenth century, which product was the world's major crop produced by slave labor? a.tobacco b.indigo c.sorghum d.cotton e.rice

d

On the plantation, the white employee in charge of ensuring a profitable crop for the plantation master was called the: a.journeyman. b.slave driver. c.chain gang. d.overseer. e.deputy master.

d

Task labor: a.got its name for tasking the abilities of slaves; it was very difficult, complicated work. b.was an acronym for Take All Southerners' Knives, a secret organization of slaves planning an insurrection. c.always was controlled by an overseer. d.allowed slaves to take on daily jobs, set their own pace, and work on their own when they were done. e.was the most common form of slave labor organization in the South.

d

What economic effect did southern slavery have on the North? a.It was minimal, which explains why northerners opposed slavery. b.Many northerners profited from investing in real-estate partnerships that controlled southern plantations. c.A few New York shipping companies benefited from slavery, but the institution had little effect otherwise. d.Southern slavery helped finance industrialization and internal improvements in the North. e.Southern slavery drained resources from the North and helped keep the whole nation in a depression during the 1850s

d

Which event is credited with helping to ingrain the paternalist ethos more deeply into the lives of southern slaveholders? a.Nat Turner's Rebellion b.the nullification crisis c.the development of domestic ideology d.the closing of the African slave trade e.the secession crisis

d

Which statement about Nat Turner's Rebellion is true? a.Turner and his followers assaulted mostly men. b.Fewer than twenty whites were killed during the rebellion. c.Turner escaped capture. d.Many southern whites were in a panic after the rebellion. e.It occurred in Georgia.

d

Which statement about Nat Turner's Rebellion is true? a.Turner and his followers assaulted mostly men. b.Fewer than twenty whites were killed during the rebellion. c.Turner escaped capture. d.Many southern whites were in a panic after the rebellion. e.It occurred in Georgia.

d

Harriet Tubman: a.was a mythical character about whom runaway slaves told many stories. b.led a slave rebellion in Maryland in 1849 that resulted in two dozen deaths. c.although born free in New York, was kidnapped and made a slave in Louisiana. d.cleverly escaped from slavery by pretending to be a sickly male slaveowner. e.was a fugitive slave who risked her life many times to bring others out of slavery.

e

The relationship between rich southern planters and poor southern farmers: a.led to numerous violent uprisings in the southern hill country. b.was complicated by the strong antislavery movement among poor farmers in the 1850s. c.was strained by planters' insistence that farmers participate in the slave patrols. d.showed itself in politics, as most poor farmers became Whigs and most wealthy planters became Democrats. e.benefited in part from a sense of unity bred by criticism from outsiders.

e

Which of the following statements about slavery and the law is true? a.Because slaves were property, a master could kill any of his slaves for any reason. b.Slaves were legally permitted to possess guns if guns were necessary for their work (tasks such as scaring birds away from rice fields, for example). .Laws specifically provided for a slave to be taught to read and write if the master so chose. d. A slave could, with permission from his or her master, testify against a white person in court. e. Slaves accused of serious crimes were entitled to their day in court, although they faced all-white judges and juries.

e