Ch. 11: Toward Racial Democracy

Efforts to correct the white racial bias built into SAT tests is an example of an attempt at change on the _______________ level.

Institutional

The textbook notes that when seeking office, President Obama made a speech that minimized the importance of racial categories, calling upon color-blind logic to bring people together as Americans. During his time in office, some people have criticized him for not being adamant enough about the racialized dynamics of certain events such as the riots in Ferguson, Missouri, and the shooting of Trayvon Martin. These critiques best reflect how:

Racial injustice is often perpetrated in plain sight but forgotten in public discussion.

What is the 8/20 phenomenon?

This is the idea that roughly 80 percent of social change is bought about by 20 percent of the population

Kennedy, a black female, and Samuel, a white male, are a married couple that sees their relationship as an emblem of racial progress. While not denying the importance of their relationship, advocates for institutional-level racial change might say that:

interracial relationships are too narrow to gauge of interracial progress, and that this type of interactional change alone cannot overturn structural racism

An elementary school that recognized holidays of various groups during the fall and into winter by having children make crafts relating to the Islamic celebration of Eid Al-Adha, the Christian celebration of Christmas, the Jewish celebration of Hanukkah, and the American civic celebration of Thanksgiving, among many others, is the most likely adopting which of the following frameworks?

multiculturalism

If a campus fraternity presented itself as a white supremacy group:

proponents of multiculturalism would be presented with an ideological challenge in such a scenario because of the intention by multiculturalists to see value in every perspective.

Using the practice of affirmative action under the integrative model means:

that institutions achieve racial democracy by allowing worthy and qualified people of all races the chance for meaningful participation

During the first Republican debate of the 2016 election season, presidential candidate Ben Carson said, "... when i take someone in the operating room, i'm actually operating on the thing that makes them who they are. The skin doesn't make them who they are. The hair doesn't make them who they are. And it's time for us to move beyond that because... our strength as a nation comes in our unity." His statement reflects:

the color-blind thinking that is central to much of American racial discourse today

Jeremy, who is white, has been thinking about how he teases his friend Lee, who is Asian, about being "good at math". Jeremy has recently come to realize that by making such claims, he is using a stereotype and has determined to stop making such jokes. This type of personal change is a result of:

the openness of Jeremy to deliberate reflection and self-criticism about his actions

Two political commentators are debating the merits of affirmative action, One commentator argues that affirmative action should be eliminated now that there's "an even playing field" for everyone. The other commentator replies, "The fact is that people who live in the white suburbs have advantages over blacks and latinos in the city, just lke the have advantages over poor people more generally." The second commentator's argument against ending affirmative action is responding to which of the following tendencies of colorblindness?

the tendency of color-blindness to minimize the importance of the historical legacies of race-based structural inequalities