Ch. 12 HW

How is a single strand of DNA able to serve as a template for the synthesis of another strand? A) Nucleotides pair with those of the original strand to form a new strand. B) Hydrogen bonds holding the two strands together are easy to break, allowing one strand to be a template. C) A single strand of DNA is not able to serve as a template. D) One strand of DNA directs the synthesis of a new strand on its partner. E) Both the pairing of nucleotides and the breaking of hydrogen bonds.

E

Two chains of DNA must run in __________ direction(s) and must be __________ if they are to bond with each other. A) the same; uncomplementary B) opposite; uncomplementary C) parallel; uncomplementary D) parallel; complementary E) antiparallel; complementary

E

Which of the following nucleotide sequences represents the complement to the DNA strand 5' -AGATCCG- 3' ? A) 5' -AGATCCG- 3' B) 3' -AGATCCG- 5' C) 5' -CTCGAAT- 3' D) 3' -CTCGAAT- 5' E) 3' -TCTAGGC- 5'

E

Enzymes called __________ form breaks in the DNA molecules to prevent the formation of knots in the DNA helix during replication. A) topoisomerases B) single-strand binding proteins C) DNA polymerases D) RNA polymerases E) DNA ligases

A

In DNA replication, the lagging strand: A) is synthesized as a series of Okazaki fragments. B) is synthesized as a complementary copy of the leading strand. C) pairs with the leading strand by complementary base pairing. D) is made up entirely of RNA primers. E) is not synthesized until the synthesis of the leading strand is completed.

A

Which of the following adds new nucleotides to a growing DNA chain? A) DNA polymerase B) DNA helicase C) RNA primer D) primase E) RNA polymerase

A

Which of the following statements concerning nucleotide excision repair is FALSE? A) It is a type of mismatch repair. B) It involves a nuclease. C) It involves a DNA polymerase. D) It involves DNA ligase. E) It is implicated in xeroderma pigmentosum.

A

In replication, once the DNA strands have been separated, reformation of the double helix is prevented by: A) DNA helicase enzyme. B) single-strand binding proteins. C) DNA polymerases. D) ATP. E) GTP.

B

Okazaki fragments are joined together by: A) RNA polymerase. B) DNA ligase. C) DNA polymerase. D) RNA ligase. E) primase.

B

Which of the following best describes semiconservative replication? A) The translation of a DNA molecule into a complementary strand of RNA. B) A DNA molecule consists of one parental strand and one new strand. C) The number of DNA molecules is doubled with every other replication. D) The replication of DNA never takes place with 100% accuracy. E) The replication of DNA takes place at a defined period in the cell cycle.

B

Which of the following causes the unwinding of the DNA double helix? A) DNA polymerase B) DNA helicase C) RNA primer D) primosome E) RNA polymerase

B

__________ determined the structure of the molecule DNA. A) Crick and Wilkins B) Watson and Crick C) Franklin and Crick D) Franklin E) Watson, Crick, and Wilkins

B

__________, the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, shorten with every cell replication event. A) Centromeres B) Telomeres C) Kinetochores D) Primosomes E) Nucleosomes

B

Hydrogen bonds can form between guanine and __________, and between adenine and __________. A) phosphate; sugar B) thymine; cytosine C) cytosine; thymine D) sugar; phosphate E) adenine; guanine

C

The DNA strand that is replicated smoothly and continuously is called the: A) primary strand. B) first strand. C) leading strand. D) alpha strand. E) lagging strand.

C

When a DNA molecule containing a wrong base at one location in one strand is replicated: A) the mutation is corrected by the DNA polymerase enzyme. B) the mutation is ignored by the DNA polymerase enzyme. C) the mutation is copied into one of the two daughter molecules. D) the mutation is copied into both of the daughter molecules. E) the replication is stopped.

C

Primase is the enzyme responsible for: A) unwinding the DNA double strand to allow DNA polymerase access to the template DNA. B) introducing nicks into the DNA double strand in order to prevent the formation of knots. C) hydrolyzing ATP to facilitate DNA unwinding. D) making short strands of RNA at the site of replication initiation. E) forming a replication fork in the DNA double helix.

D

The final product of DNA replication is: A) mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA molecules. B) a wide variety of proteins. C) DNA fragments. D) two DNA molecules, each of which contains one new and one old DNA strand. E) the enzymes needed for further processes, such as DNA polymerase.

D

The information carried by DNA is incorporated in a code specified by the: A) phosphodiester bonds of the DNA strand. B) number of separate strands of DNA. C) size of a particular chromosome. D) specific nucleotide sequence of the DNA molecule. E) number of bases in a DNA strand.

D

Which of the following statements about DNA is FALSE? A) DNA is capable of forming many different sequences. B) DNA contains thymine instead of uracil. C) DNA is double-stranded rather than single-stranded. D) DNA is only found in eukaryotic cells. E) DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose.

D