Ch. 12 Vocab (Nutritional Assessment)

Obesity Paradox

- the condition where both obesity and nutrient deficiencies occur simultaneously in a person.

Immunocompetence

- a biochemical assessment laboratory measurement used in nutritional assessment. A depressed immune status can result from malnutrition, disease, medication or other disease treatments.

Rickets

- a clinical finding associated poor nutritional health resulting in bowed legs

Xerophthalmia

- a clinical finding of poor nutrition, dry mucosa.

Angular Stomatitis

- a clinical finding of poor nutrition; cracks at the corner of the mouth.

Koilonychia

- a clinical finding of poor nutrition; spoon-shaped ridges in the cardia (fingernails) due to iron deficiency

Atrophic Papillae

- a clinical finding of poor nutritional health. (atrophy of the tongue papillae)

Protein-calorie Malnutrition

- a nutrient deficiency resulting from undernutrition

Food Security (pg. 194

- a parameter used in nutritional assessment, free access to adequate and safe food.

Pellagra

- a photosenstive symmetric rash caused by a diet that is deficient in niacin

Food Frequency Questionnaire (pg. 191)

- a questionnaire that assesses intake of a variety of food groups on a daily, weekly, or longer basis.

Diet Recall (pg. 190)

- a remembrance of all food, beverages, and nutritional supplements or products consumed in a set period such as a 24-hour period.

Overweight

- a weight of 10% to 20% in excess of recommended body weight.

Pica

- abnormal craving for or eating of nonfood items such as chalk or dirt.

Ascites

- an abnormal collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity (abdomen)

Cheilosis

- an abnormal condition of the lips characterized by scaling of the surface and by the formation of fissures in the corners of the mouth.

Malnutrition

- an imbalance, whether a deficit or excess, of the required nutrients of a balanced diet.

Somatic Protein (pg. 196)

- another term for muscle mass or skeletal muscle

Anthropometrics

- any scientific measurement of the body EX: height, weight, measurements of body fat and muscle composition

Flag Sign (pg. 199)

- dyspigmentation of the mouth or a part of the mouth.

Overnutrition

- excessive intake or storage of essential nutrients.

Pupura

- flat, reddish blue, irregularly shaped extensive patches of varying size.

Follicular Hyperkeratosis

- goose-bump like flesh, can be related to vitamin A deficiency.

Alopecia

- hair loss caused by an immune mediated attack on the hair follicles.

Glossitis

- inflammation or redness of the tongue. Often seen in malnutrition.

Undernutrition (pg. 187)

- insufficient intake or storage of essential nutrients. Also referred to as malnutrition

Food deserts

- low-income, urban or rural areas that lack access to healthy, affordable food. When food is available, it is generally high calorie food of poor nutritional quality, such as found in fast food restaurants and convenience stores.

Petechiae

- pinpoint hemorrhages on the skin, can be related to vitamin C deficiency.

Xanthelasma

- soft, yellow plaques on the lids at the inner canthus, which are sometimes associated with high cholesterolemia.

Nutritional Health

- the physical result of the balance between nutrient intake and nutritional requirements. EX: using vitamins, foods, nutrients, or herbs to achieve or maintain good health.

Obesity

- weight of 20% or more above recommended body weight.