CH 13 ONLINE MC

The subdivision of the brain that does not initiate somatic motor movements, but rather coordinates and fine-tunes those movements is the

cerebellum.

Which term describes masses of gray matter deep inside each cerebral hemisphere?

cerebral nuclei

The four major regions of the brain are the

cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, and cerebellum

Which thalamic nuclei relay visual information from the optic tract to the visual cortex and mesencephalon?

lateral geniculate nuclei

Because of its major roles in controlling emotions, drives, and memory, damage to the ____________ could drastically alter an individual's personality

limbic system

The cerebral hemispheres are separated by the

longitudinal fissure

Cranial nerves with purely sensory functions include which of the following?

olfactory, optic, and vestibulocochlear

Which cerebral cortical area coordinates learned, skilled motor activities?

premotor cortex

Which cortical region is responsible for the conscious awareness of touch, pressure, pain, and temperature?

primary somatosensory cortex

Cerebrospinal fluid performs which of the following functions?

provides buoyancy for the brain cushions neural structures from sudden movements delivers nutrients and chemical messengers and removes waste products

The visceral reflex center is housed within the

superior colliculus.

Which of the following statements is false about the choroid plexus?

It forms the blood-brain barrier.

The central white matter consists of which three groups of axons?

association, commissural, and projection tracts

Coordinating skeletal muscle movements and maintaining equilibrium are two of several important functions of the

cerebellum

In regions where the two layers of the dura mater separate, the gap between them is called

a dural venous sinus

From the subarachnoid space, excess cerebrospinal fluid flows into the dural venous sinuses through the

arachnoid villi

Which structure produces cerebrospinal fluid in each ventricle?

choroid plexus

The blood-brain barrier of the CNS is missing or markedly reduced in which of the following locations?

choroid plexus, hypothalamus, and pineal gland

Myelinated axons that extend between the cerebral hemispheres are called

commissural tracts

Components of the limbic system

conduct and process olfactory sensations collectively process and experience emotions are essential in storing memories and forming long-term memory

Which statement does not describe the parietal lobe?

contains the functionally important precentral gyrus

Which sequence lists the cranial meninges in order from superficial to deep?

dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater

The tetrahedron-shaped cavity between the pons and cerebellum is the

fourth ventricle

Which description of the cerebellum is incorrect?

has prominent folds called gyri covering the left and right hemispheres

Hormones released by the posterior pituitary are actually produced by the ____________, which also controls the activities of the anterior pituitary as well as numerous autonomic functions, emotions, drives, and natural rhythms.

hypothalamus

Which region of the diencephalon controls the ANS and endocrine system, body temperature, circadian rhythms, and various emotions and behavioral drives?

hypothalamus

Reflexive turning of the head and eyes in the direction of a sound is controlled by the ____________ of the mesencephalon.

inferior colliculi

Which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus?

initiates voluntary skeletal muscle movement

Corpus callosum is to commissural as ____________ is to projection tracts.

internal capsule

Which cerebral lobe is located immediately posterior to the central sulcus and superior to the lateral sulcus?

parietal lobe

Which structure contains some autonomic centers involved in regulating respiration?

pons

Which two parts of the brain most directly control normal breathing?

pons, medulla oblongata

The primary motor cortex is located in which cerebral structure?

precentral gyrus

Which cranial nerve innervates the muscles of mastication and provides sensory information from the face, mouth, and anterior scalp?

trigeminal

Which cranial nerve plays the largest role in the autonomic control of visceral functions?

vagus

The ____________ nerve monitors sensations of balance and equilibrium as well as hearing.

vestibulocochlear

The word root vagus, as in "vagus nerve," most nearly means

wandering