Ch. 17 - The Heart (Book Questions)
There are two phases of the cardiac cycle in which all four heart valves are open: isovolumetric contraction phase and isovolumetric relaxation phase
False
True or False: the cardiac conduction system is normally regulated by a population of pacemaker cells known as the sinoatrial (SA) node
True
True or False: the left side of the heart is often called the systemic pump due to blood flow to the body
True
Autorhythmicity is the responsibility of: a) cardiac pacemaker cells b) cardiac muscle cells c) skeletal muscle cells d) contractile cells
a
Both the left and right atria receive blood from: a) veins b) ventricles c) arteries d) lungs
a
High blood pressure in the ventricles: a) forces semiluminar valves open b) forces both AV and semiluminar valves open c) forces both AV valves and semiluminar valves shut d) forces AV valves open
a
The right side of the heart receives: a) deoxygenated blood from systemic circuit b) oxygenated blood from the systemic circuit c) oxygenated blood from the pulmonary circuit d) deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary circuit
a
The visceral pericardium is the same as the: a) epicardium b) myocardium c) endocardium d) fibrous pericardium
a
What normally serves as the pacemaker of the entire heart? a) sinoatrial (SA) node b) Purkinje fiber system c) atrioventricular (AV) node d) atrioventricular (AV) bundle
a
Which of the following decreases heart rate? a) acetylcholine b) norepinephrine c) epinephrine d) glucagon
a
A damaged atrioventricular (AV) bundle or atrioventricular (AV) node will primary affect the length of the: a) Q-T interval b) P-R interval c) P wave d) T wave
b
How much blood is pumped from each ventricle during the ventricular ejection phase? a) 50 ml b) 70 ml c) 90 ml d) 120 ml
b
The amount of blood remaining in each ventricle at the end of the ventricular ejection phase is normally about: a) 30 ml b) 50 ml c) 70 ml d) 120 ml
b
The pulmonary circuit involves blood flow from the heart to and from the: a) liver b) lungs c) body d) brain
b
The right and left atria depolarize and contract following the arrival of the action potential from the: a) atrioventricular (AV) bundle b) sinoatrial (SA) node c) Purkinje fibers d) atrioventricular (AV) node
b
What largely determines preload? a) end-systolic volume (ESV) b) end-diastolic volume (EDV) c) stroke volume d) afterload
b
What two values are needed in order to calculate cardiac output (CO) for a ventricle? a) end-diastolic volume (EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV) b) stroke volume and heart rate c) stroke volume and blood pressure d) heart rate and end-diastolic volume (EDV)
b
Which hormone decreases cardiac output by decreasing blood volume and preload? a) norepinephrine b) atrial natriuretic peptide c) antidiuretic hormone d) aldosterone
b
Which of the following can be used to measure heart rate? a) Q-T interval b) R-R interval c) S-T segment d) P-R interval
b
Blood in the right atrium should travel next past the: a) mitral valve into left ventricle b) pulmonary valve into the pulmonary trunk c) tricuspid valve into the right ventricle d) pulmonary trunk into the pulmonary capillaries
c
The P wave of an electrocardiogram (ECG) represents the depolarization of the cells in the: a) atrioventricular (AV) node b) sinoatrial (SA) node c) atria d) ventricles
c
What valve prevents backflow of blood from right ventricle into right atrium? a) aortic valve b) pulmonary valve c) right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid) d) left atrioventricular valve (mitral/bicuspid)
c
What vessel(s) deliver oxygenated blood to the left atrium? a) aorta b) pulmonary trunk c) pulmonary veins d) pulmonary arteries
c
During what part of the action potential will calcium ions enter the contractile cell? a) initial repolarization phase b) rapid depolarization phase c) repolarization phase d) plateau phase
d
Inotropic agents affect: a) stroke volume b) heart rate c) depolarization d) contractility
d
The degree of stretch experienced by the sarcomeres in the ventricle cells before they can contract is called: a) contractility b) afterload c) stroke volume d) preload
d
Which of the following vessels carries oxygenated blood? a) pulmonary trunk b) superior vena cava c) pulmonary artery d) pulmonary vein
d
Which vessel is guarded by a semiluminar valve at its base? a) pulmonary vein b) superior vena cava c) coronary sinus d) pulmonary trunk
d