Ch 19

Roe v. Wade

(1973) legalized abortion on the basis of a woman's right to privacy

United States v. Nixon

1974 SuCo: Executive privilege does not give one the authority to hide documents.

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke

1978 state university couldn't admit less qualified individuals solely based on race; no quotas

Title IX

A law that bans gender discrimination in schools that receive federal funds academically and athletically

Camp David Accords

A peace treaty between Israel and Egypt where Egypt agreed to recognize the nation state of Israel mediated by Carter

All the President's Men

Alan J. Pakula's film on watergate

What was significant about the revelation that Nixon taped his conversations?

All presidential conversations recorded to reveal exactly what Nixon knew and when he knew it.

Integration

Allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other

Betty Friedan

American Feminist, writer of The Feminine Mystique, cofounded NOW

Gloria Steinem

American feminist icon, journalist, and social and political activist.

What events led to the Saturday Night Massacre?

Archibald Cox, the prosecutor of the Watergate scandal case who had issued a subpoena of the tapes, was fired. Both the attorney general and deputy general resigned because they, themselves did not want to fire Cox. A name given to resignation of the U.S. attorney general and the firing of his deputy in October 1973, after they refused to carry out President Nixon's order to to fire the special prosecutor investigating the Watergate affair.

John Mitchell

Attorney general and director of Nixon's campaign

Détente

Easing of Cold War tensions between the US and Soviet Union (Examples include: SALT I and Salt II)

What concerns motivated those who opposed the ERA?

Fear of change and the perceived drastic effects the amendment miht have had on traditional family life

Kent State Massacre

Four killed, nine wounded by Ohio National Guard during protest of U.S. invasion of Cambodia

Pentagon Papers

Government documents that showed the public had been lied to about the status of the war in Vietnam

How did new laws passed from 1968-1980 help protect the environment?

In the 1960s and 1970s, the environmental movement focused its attention on pollution and successfully pressured Congress to pass measures to promote cleaner air and water. In the late 1970s, the movement increasingly addressed environmental threats created by the disposal of toxic waste. Toward the end of the century, the environmental agenda also included such worldwide problems as ozone depletion and global warming.

26th Amendment (1971)

Lowered the voting age from 21 to 18

Gerald Ford's vice president

Nelson Rockefeller

Realpolitik

Political realism or practical politics, especially policy based on power rather than on ideals.

Vietnamization

President Nixon's policy of replacing American military forces with those of South Vietnam

Affirmative Action

Remedial action designed to overcome the effects of discrimination against minorities and women.

Watergate Scandal

Result of break-in committed by Nixon's administration; goal was to cover attempted burglary

How did the Watergate scandal create a constitutional crisis?

The Constitutional issue came from the concept of Executive Privilege where the president refused to release tapes of White House conversations to the special prosecutor. When the Supreme Court unanimously decided the tapes should be released, there was a time of tension (six days) before Nixon relented, sealing his political fate.

Miranda v. Arizona

The accused must be notified of their rights before being questioned by the police

Deregulation

The lifting of government restrictions on business, industry, and professional activities.

What prompted women to establish NOW?

Their dissatisfaction with the EEOC and the need or a more organized effort to combat sexism.

Billie Jean King

This women was an incredible tennis player, and was a feminist and broke barriers made by gender.

SALT I Treaty (Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty)

Treaty made under Nixon in which the US and Russia agree to have fewer nukes.

Henry Kissinger

United States diplomat who served under President Nixon and President Ford (born in 1923)

Spiro Agnew

VP under Nixon, resigned for extortion and bribery charges

Richard Nixon

Vice President under Eisenhower and 37th President of the United States

Jimmy Carter's vice president

Walter Mondale

John Dean

White House lawyer whose dramatic charges against Nixon were validated by the Watergate tapes

Inflation

a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.

Black Panthers

a militant Black political party founded in 1965 to end political dominance by Whites

Equal Rights Amendment

a proposed amendment to the U.S. Constitution outlawing discrimination based on sex

Black Power

a social movement that called for African American power and independence

busing

achieving racial balance by transporting students to schools across neighborhood boundaries

Embargo

an official ban on trade or other commercial activity with a particular country.

Why did Native Americans resist assimilation?

ome viewed white culture as shallow and meaningless

how did the television affect the civil rights movement?

television news coverage of the civil rights movement helped transform the United States by showing Americans the violence of segregation and the dignity of the African American quest for equal rights

EPA

to coordinate programs aimed at reducing pollution and protecting the environment