ch. 19 key ideas

In the wake of the Great Fear in the summer of 1789, the National Assembly restored order in

Abolishing all of the old noble and church privileges

What was the economic effect of Napoleon's Continental System?

French artisans and the middle class suffered, for they were economically damaged by the blockade of Great Britain

How did the National Assembly respond to the hopes and expectations of saint-Domingue's different social groups?

It frustrated the hopes of all the different social groups

By July 1794, how had the central government in Paris managed to reassert control over the provinces and gain momentum against in the First Collation

It harnessed the explosive forces of a planned economy, revolutionary terror, and modern nationalism into a total wa

Why was the Declaration of Independence so important to the American revolution?

It universalized the traditional rights of English people and made them the rights of all mankind

What act, led by Toussaint L'Ouverture, dd Napoleon consider seditious?

L'Ouverture's support of the abolition of slavery in Saint Domingue and a lifetime governorship

According to the text, the string of French military victories after the winter of 1793-1794 were largely due to

Patriotism and the superior numbers supplied by the draft

How did the concordat resolve the crisis over Catholicism in France in the Napoleonic era

The Catholic church gained the right to practice religion freely, while the French State gained greater control over the nominations of church officers and church activities

How did French armies during the French Revolution offer a mixed message to the people they conquered?

They presented themselves as liberators to the peasants and middle class but seemed more like foreign invaders as they requisitioned food and supplies and plundered local treasure

Why did the French commissioners in Saint- Domingue abolish slavery in 1793?

They were desperate to rally the rebel slaves to the French cause against the Spanish and English forces on the island

How did the delegates to the Legislative Assembly that convened in October 1791 differ from the delegates to the Estates General/National Assembly?

They were younger and less cautious; many joined political clubs

Louis XV damaged the sense of his sacred authority by

Allowing his common-born mistress to exercise tremendous influence culturally and politically

What was Napoleon's Grand Empire?

An enlarged France, a number of satellite kingdoms and the independent but allies states of Austria, Prussia, and russia

The national assembly that rules france from 1789 to 1791 passed laws that

Declared all men and women to be equal

How did Napoleon consolidate his rule?

He appealed both to disillusion revolutionaries and members of the old nobility and offered them high posts in the expanding centralized state

Which of the following best describes the political system of Napoleon?

He frequently violated civil liberties through censorship, spies, and arbitrary arrests

Which of the following correctly identifies Napoleon Bonaparte's background?

He won brilliant victories in Italy in 1796 and 1797

How did the reaction of kings and nobles in continental Europe toward the French Revolution change over the Revolution's first two years'?

Initially pleased by the Revolution's weakening of France, they came to feel threatened by its increasingly radical message

Who wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Man and A vindication of the Rights of Women, the latter a founding text of the feminists movement?

Mary Wollstonecraft

What occurred during the Hundred Days in France?

Napoleon returned from exile to rule France briefly

Why did Great Britain seek to raise taxes on its American colonies in the 1760s?

The Crown expected the colonies to help pay the costs of the Seven Years' War.

The life-and-death political struggle between the Girondists and the Mountain resulted mainly from

The Girondists' more moderate policies

Why did the Directory continue French wars of conquest begun by early revolutionary governments?

The directory understood that big, victorious armies kept men employed

What two fundamental principles of the Revolution were codified into the Napoleonic Code?

The equality of all male citizens before the law and the absolute security of wealth and property

Why did the conflict between the French monarchy and the Parliament reemerge after the Seven Years' War?

The monarchy sought to retain emergency taxes after the war ended

As the Jacobins gained power, what was their reactions to women's political activity?

They banned all women's political activity, which they believed to be disorderly and a distraction from women's proper domestic duties

Why did members of the Convention turn against Robespierre on 9 Thermidor?

They believed Robespierre might soon have them arrested and executed

All of the following were true of the French clergy on the eve of the French Revolutions except

They were under the complete control of the papacy.

What was the goal of the Committee of Public Safety?

To use dictatorial powers to respond to threats to France without and within

In the eighteenth century, many liberal thinkers believed that representatives institutions could defend the liberty and interests of the people. What did this mean in terms of political practice?

Voting for representatives would be restricted to men of property