CH 19 - US EVALUATION & MAPPING OF SUPERFICIAL VENOUS SYSTEM

When mapping veins a new mark is placed on the skin every ____________________ cm to the level of the ankle.

2-3 cm

The thigh portion of the great saphenous vein has been found to have _____ common configurations

5

great saphenous vein

A superficial vein forming at the level of the medial malleolus, coursing medially along the calf and thigh, and terminating into the common femoral vein at the saphenofemoral junction

small saphenous vein

A superficial vein that courses along the posterior aspect of the calf terminating at the popliteal fossa into the popliteal vein

perforating vein

A vein that connects the superficial venous system to the deep venous system

recanalization

A vein that was previously thrombosed

varicosities

Dilated tortuous superficial veins

___________ _______________ systems in the calf can be seen in approximately 35% of cases.

Double venous

_____________________ have valves to ensure the one-way movement of blood from the superficial to the deep system.

Perforators

Greater saphenous vein mapping

The dotted line here represents

vein of Giacomini

a communicant vein between the great saphenous vein and the small saphenous vein. It courses the posterior thigh as either a trunk projection, or tributary of the SSV.

mapping

a technique performed with an ultrasound probe that uses sound waves (doppler) technology to view all of the veins under the skin on the arms or legs. It allows the doctor to see the size, depth, and flow of blood in these veins and allows for better treatment planning.

The ________________ ___________ begins at the level of the wrist, coursing along the ulnar aspect of the forearm. It continues into the upper arm where it joins the brachial veins to form the axillary vein.

basilic vein

The ________________ ___________ begins at the level of the wrist, coursing along the radial aspect of the forearm and continuing through the upper arm, terminating into the subclavian vein.

cephalic vein

Of importance to surgeons is the location of _________ __________________ _____________.

deep perforating veins

basilic vein

drains the medial side of the superficial venous network of the dorsum of the hand, which in turn drains blood from the palm of the hand. As it ascends in the forearm and arm, it drains the medial aspect of the upper limb via numerous superficial veins.

planar arrangement

objects lying within the same plane

cephalic

of, in, or relating to the head.

A ____________ ______________ is a term reserved for a vein that perforates or penetrates the muscular fascia of the leg and connects the superficial system to the deep system.

perforating vein

The transducer should be held __________________ to the skin surface when mapping veins.

perpendicular

Previously referred to as "Leonardo's vein"

posterior accessory great saphenous vein

The patient should be placed in a ___________ ________________ position when mapping the leg veins.

reverse Trendelenberg

The most common variant of the greater saphenous in the calf (65% of the time) is a _________ __________ ___________ ___________ that is almost always positioned anteriorly near the medial border of the tibia.

single anterior dominant system

The most common variant of the greater saphenous in the thigh (60% of the time) is a _________ __________ that runs medially in the thigh.

single trunk

The ___________ _______________ is typically a single trunk that courses up the middle of the posterior aspect of the calf and terminates into the popliteal vein.

small saphenous

calcification

the accumulation of calcium salts in a body tissue. It normally occurs in the formation of bone, but calcium can be deposited abnormally in soft tissue, causing it to harden. May be classified on whether there is mineral balance or not, and its location.

"Triplicate systems"

three large veins with multiple communicating veins