Ch 22 THQ
Which of these is specifically responsible for antibody-mediated immunity?
B cells
Which of these statements about the spleen is not correct?
The spleen is surrounded by trabeculae located outside the capsule
Which of the following can act as an antigen?
bacteria, viruses, pollen, food
The tonsils are characterized by:
being located around the pharynx and functioning as other lymph nodes
Normal immune responses require the presence of
both T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes
Afferent lymph vessels
carry lymph toward lymph nodes
Natural killer cells are believed to eliminate foreign cells by damaging their:
cell membranes
Which of the following represents the correct order in phagocytosis?
chemotaxis, adherence, ingestion
Which of these participates in costimulation?
cytokines
When stimulated, T cells that display the CD8 molecule develop into
cytotoxic T cells
Body cells infected with bacteria produce proteins called interferons.
false
All of the following are symptoms of inflammation EXCEPT:
fever
Which of the following is considered a chemical factor in the first line of defense?
gastric juice
Complement is a(n):
group of plasma proteins
Small molecules that must combine with large proteins to become immunogenic are called:
haptens
Which of the following stimulate the development of B-cells into antibody-producing plasma cells?
helper T cells
Cytokines include:
histamines and kinins
Antibodies produced by the immune system are:
immunoglobulins
It is possible to develop immunity to:
infectious agents, foreign cells, and abnormal body cells
The lymph nodes that remove pathogens in the lymph coming from the legs are called:
inguinal nodes
Which statement is NOT true of humoral immunity?
opsonization is the labeling of foreign antigens by self-antigens
Which of the following tonsils are paired structures?
palatine and lingual tonsils
Mrs. Smith received an Rh immunoglobulin injection after the birth of her last child. What type of immunity resulted?
passive immunity
Cytotoxic T cells can kill target cells directly by secreting
perforin and granulysin
The secondary antibody response:
prevents disease symptoms from occurring
Antibodies are ___________ molecules that may also be called _____________.
proteins/gamma globulins
Which of the following is not served by the thoracic duct of the lymphatic system?
right arm
The two general kinds of antigens, from the perspective of the immune system, are:
self antigens and foreign antigens
Which lymphoid organ has sinuses filled with blood instead of lymph?
spleen
The cells which are important in preventing autoimmune disease are:
suppressor T cells
Which statement is NOT true of cell-mediated immunity?
the foreign antigen is recognized by macrophages and helper B cells
The first line of defense against pathogens is:
the intact skin
Which statement is NOT true of lymph nodes?
the major groups are the cervical, axillary, and plantar nodes
Which statement is NOT true of lymph vessels?
the right lymphatic duct returns lymph to the inferior vena cava
Which of these organs does NOT compensate for any function of the spleen if the spleen must be removed?
thoracic duct
The two collecting ducts that drain the lymphatic trunks are the:
thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct
Which of the following lymphoid organs secretes thymosin?
thymus
The lymphatic system
transports lipids from the gastrointestinal tract to the blood b. returns filtered proteins to the cardiovascular system c. returns excess interstitial fluid to the cardiovascular system d. functions in surveillance and defense
Before T -cells can attack antigens, the T -cells must become sensitized
true
Cytotoxic T-cells destroy target cells on contact
true
Macrophages that remain in certain tissues and organs of the body are called fixed macrophages.
true
When a normal cell transforms into a cancer cell, it may display cell surface components called tumor antigens.
true
Lysozyme is found in all of the following EXCEPT:
vaginal secretions
Which of these conditions does not occur during the inflammatory response?
vasoconstriction of blood vessels
Interferon is a protection against:
viral infections
The peyer's patch
within the intestinal wall
Which statement is NOT true of the thymus and immunity?
T cells are the monocytes produced by the thymus
Cells that can directly attack target cells include all of the following except:
Helper T cells
The AIDS virus attacks the ____ cells:
Helper T cells
Predominant antibody found in mucus, saliva, and tears
IgA
bound to the surface of a B cell (two answers)
IgD and IgM
Binds to the surface of mast cells and mediates an allergic response
IgE
Crosses the placenta
IgG
Most abundant antibody found in blood plasma and the chief antibody released during secondary responses
IgG
Fixes complement (two answers)
IgG andIgM
First antibody released during the primary response
IgM
Pentamer
IgM
Antibodies are composed of
2 heavy and 2 light polypeptide chains
Antigen-presenting cells can:
- Take in foreign antigens - Process antigens - Use MHC class II molecules to display the antigens - Stimulate other immune system cells
Cell-mediated immunity is provided by:
T cells
Which of the following produces perforin?
Cytotoxic T cells
Delayed hypersensitivity is:
a result of antibodies reacting with allergen
lymph nodes
a. are bean-shaped organs b. located along lymphatic vessels c. are divided into follicles d. are scattered throughout the body
Cytokines:
a. promote inflammation b. activate macrophages c. kill target cells by causing them to lyse
Establishes immunological memory:
active immunity
Which statement is NOT true of the spleen?
antibodies are produced in the spleen by cells called fixed monocytes
Medullary sinuses of lymph nodes
are filled w lymph
Lymph nodes of the axillary region receive lymph primarily from the:
arm and mammary gland
Vaccination is an example of:
artificial active immunity
A student nurse who receives an injection of gamma globulin (containing antibodies to the hepatitis virus) after she/he has been exposed to viral hepatitis is an example of:
artificially acquired passive immunity
The process by which neutrophils squeeze through capillary walls in response to inflammatory signals is called:
diapeptises
Which of the following is not considered a lymphoid organ?
kidney
Which of the following does NOT belong to the lymphatic system?
liver
Which statement is NOT true of lymph?
lymph contains the neutrophils produced by the lymph nodes
The masses of lymphatic tissue located below the epithelium of mucous membranes are called:
lymph nodules
Natural killer cells are:
lymphocytes
The activation of cytotoxic T cells can result in the:
lysis of virus-infected cells b. production of cytokines c. production of memory T cells
Antigen presenting cells (APCs) include:
macrophages
The two major types of phagocytic cells are
macrophages and neutrophils
Variable amino acid sequences on the arms of the antibody molecule
make the amino acid specific to a given antigen
The Class I major histocompatibility complex (MHCI) antigens
marks surface on all body cells except red blood cells
Which of these cells is the most important in the release of histamine, which promotes inflammation?
mast cell
In both immune mechanisms, the cells that remember a foreign antigen and initiate its rapid destruction upon a second exposure are:
memory cells
Macrophages develop from:
monocytes
emigration refers to the
movement of cells from the circulatory system into infected tissue areas
Lymphocytes that destroy cancerous cells in a non-specific fashion are called
natural killer cells
Recovery from a disease may provide the type of immunity called:
naturally acquired active immunity
Antibodies migrate through the placenta into the vascular system of the fetus providing the baby at birth with temporarily immunity to the diseases his/her mother was immune to, is an example of:
naturally acquired passive immunity
Mother's milk will provide the infant with:
naturally acquired passive immunity