ch 23--test questions

At what gestational age should physiologic bowel herniate be resolved? a. 12 weeks b. 16 weeks c. 8 weeks d. 10 weeks

a

At what gestational age should the amnion and chorion be fused? a. 16wk b. 12wk c. 10wk d. 18wk

a

What does the term discriminatory zone refer to: a. hCG level at which a gestation sac can be visualized sonographically b. scanner setting necessary to visualize an early preg c. gestational sac size criteria used to identify normal pregs d. hormone levels at which a decidual reaction is evident

a

Which of the following measurements is used to estimate gestational age in the 1st tri? a. AC b. MSD c. BPD d. YS

b

The max normal yolk sac diameter should not exceed: a. 2mm b. 4mm c. 6mm d. 8mm

c

A patient presents for a dating ultrasound at 7 weeks gestation with right lower quadrant pain and a palpable right adnexal mass. Sonography demonstrates an intrauterine pregnancy and an ovarian cyst with a thickened wall and internal echoes. What is the most likely diagnosis? a. hemorrhagic corpus luteal cyst b. endometriosis c. serous cystadenoma d. ectopic pregnancy

a

Endovaginal sonographic examination of a 25-year-old patient reveals a GS with a MSD of 30 mm. There is a yolk sac, but no visualbe embryo or cardiac activity. Which of the following statements best reflects the sonographic predictions about the status of this pregnancy? a. MSD size criteria and gestational contents suggests a failed pregnancy b. this pregnancy is not far enough along to demonstrate embryonic cardiac activity c. until the embryo is identified, it is impossible to predict pregnancy failure d. the presence of a YS suggest a normal IUP

a

Gastrulation refers to: a. conversion of the bilaminar disk to a a trilaminar disk b. formation of the GI tract c. development of the swallowing reflex d. formation of the yolk sac

a

How can you distinguish a focal myometrial contraction from a leiomyoma? a. Fibroids consistently alter the shape of the myometrium whereas contractions disappear over time. b. Fibroids are hyperechoic to the myometrium whereas myometrial contractions are isoechoic to the myometrium. c. Fibroids are hypoechoic and myometrial contractions are hyperechoic to the myometrium. d. Fibroids are isoechoic to the myometrium and contractions are hypoechoic to the myometrium.

a

The first organ system to begin developing around week 5 is the: a. cardiovascular system b. central nervous system c. GI system d. genitourinary system

a

What is an ovarian complication of a molar pregnancy? a. theca lutein cyst b. corpus luteum cyst c. hemorrhagic follicular retention cyst d. serous cystadencarcinoma

a

What is the term used to describe a cystic structure located in the fetal head in an 8 week gestation? a. rhombencephalon b. mesencephalon c. prosencephalon d. choroid plexus cyst

a

Which of the following is false with respect to the NT exam? a. CRL must be between 40mm and 80mm at time of exam b. the fetus must be in a neutral position in a sag plane c. NT exams can only be performed between 11 wks and 13 wks 6 days d. increased NT is associated with trisomy 21, trisomy 18, and Turner syndrome

a

With TV, an embryo should be seen when the MSD is at least: a. 16mm b. 32mm c. 24mm d. 8mm

a

1st tri sonographic eval include all of the following except: a. eval of the uterus and adnexa b. placenta location c. location of GS d. measurement of the GS and embryo

b

A 30yo female presents for an OB sonogram at 7wks gestation with LLQ pain and spotting. Her hCG levels has risen at a subnormal rate over the last 48hrs, and no intrauterine gestation is identified sonographically. Which of the following most likely explains the symptoms and sonographic findings? a. molar pregnancy b. ectopic pregnancy c. spontaneous AB d. ruptured corpus luteum

b

A patient presents with acute left pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding, low hCG for gestational age, and low hematocrit. Sonography demonstrates a small irregular shaped cystic area in the endometrial canal, an adnexal ring sign in the left adnexa, and free fluid in the cul-de-sacs and adnexas. What is the most likely diagnosis? a. hemorrhagic corpus luteal cyst b. left ectopic pregnancy c. pseudosac d. yolk sac tumor

b

Where does fertilization usually occur? a. infundibulum of fallopian tube b. ampulla of fallopian tube c. uterine cornua d. endometrium

b

Which of the following lists the classic triad of symptoms for ectopic pregnancy? a. hx of PID, amenorrhea, and pain b. bleeding, pain and an adnexal mass c. bleeding, low blood pressure and an adnexal mass d. shock, pain, and no sonographic evidence of an IUP

b

Which of the following pathologies has clinical presentation that includes hyperemesis, extremely elevated hCG, enlarged uterus and heavy vaginal bleeding? a. mucinous cystadenoma b. GTD c. theca lutein cysts d. preeclampsia

b

If a patient has an hCG level of 100, in how many days should it be possible to visualize a GS? a. 4 days b. 6 days c. 8 days d. 10 days

c

Sonographic findings suggestive of an ectopic preg include all of the following except: a. tubal ring b. echogenic free fluid c. complex myometrial mass d. no IUP

c

The functions of the yolk sac include all of the following except: a. hematopoiesis b. transfer of nutrients c. production of hCG d. formation of the GI tract

c

What is a heterotopic pregnancy? a. twin gestation, where both embryos are in same amniotic sac b. twin gestation, where there are two separate gestational sacs, each in its own horn of a bicornuate uterus c. twin gestation, where one gestation is implanted in the uterus and the other has an ectopic implantation d. twin gestation, where both sacs are implanted in the fallopian tube

c

What is the most accurate sonographic method for dating a pregnancy? a. MSD prior to 10 weeks gestation b. BPD c. CRL prior to 14 weeks gestation d. cerebellum diameter

c

Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance and location of the rhombencephalon in a 9wk gestation? a. an echogenic area within the abdomen b. a cystic area adjacent to the abdomen c. a cystic area in the posterior brain d. an echogenic area within the brain

c

Which of the following best describes the typical sonographic appearance of a normal 5.5 week gestation? a. a decidual reaction with no evidence of a GS b. an empty GS within a decidual layer c. a GS containing only a YS d. a GS containing a YS and embryo

c

Which of the following disorders presents with vaginal bleeding, low hCG, decreased symptoms of pregnancy, and a poor decidual reaction with an empty gestational sac? a. GTD b. ectopic c. anembryonic pregnancy d. missed AB

c

Which of the following is true of urine pregnancy tests? a. there are three standards of measurements of urine hCG b. a positive test will help date the pregnancy c. urine pregnancy tests are considered qualitative d. the amount of hCG is measured

c

With TV, a YS should be seen when the MSD is at least: a. 24mm b. 20mm c. 8mm d. 16mm

c

Sonography demonstrated a complex mass in the uterus that appears to invade the myometrium. The patient demonstrated elevated hCG and an enlarged UT; her doctor was unable to detect a fetal heartbeat. What is the most likely diagnosis? a. subchorionic hemorrhage b. missed AB c. blighted ovum d. choriocarcinoma

d

What is the first definitive sonographic sign of an intrauterine pregnancy? a. double decidual sign b. demonstration of a fetal pole c. demonstration of fetal heart activity d. gestational sac

d

What is the leading cause of 1st tri vag bleeding in the presence of a closed cervix? a. fetal demise b. blighted ovum c. complete AB d. subchorionic hemorrhage

d

What makes up the maternal portion of the placenta? a. outer portion of blastocyst b. decidua capsularis c. chorion frondosum d. decidua basalis

d

What part of the blastocyst implants in the endometrium during implantation? a. morula b. trophoblast c. fimbria d. chorionic villus

d

Which of the following best describes the typical sonographic appearance of a normal 5.5 week gestation? a. GS containing YS and embryo b. empty GS within a decidual layer c. decidual reaction with no evidence of a GS d. GS containing only a YS

d

Which of the following is the most common site for ectopic pregnancy implantation? a. the ovary b. interstitial portion of the fallopian tube c. the posterior cul-de-sac d. the ampulla of the fallopian tube

d