Ch. 34: Pediatric Emergencies Quiz

An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: A. absent urine output. B. moist oral mucosa. C. bulging fontanelles. D. excessive tearing.

A. absent urine output.

Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. hyperglycemia. B. infection. C. poisonings or ingestion. D. electrolyte imbalances.

A. hyperglycemia.

A 5-year-old child has had severe vomiting and diarrhea for 4 days. Which of the following assessment findings would be the MOST indicative of decompensated shock? A. Respiratory rate of 30 breaths/min B. Blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg C. Pulse rate greater than 120/min D. Capillary refill time of 4 seconds

B. Blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg Correct

You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. The patient, an 18-month-old female, is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: A. requesting a paramedic ambulance to insert an advanced airway device. B. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. C. allowing the child to remain with her mother and applying a nasal cannula. D. separating the child from her mother and providing ventilatory assistance.

B. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother.

When a child is struck by a car, the area of greatest injury depends MOSTLY on the: A. size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact. B. age of the child and the size of the car that struck him or her. C. height of the child and the speed at which the car was traveling. D. speed at which the car was traveling when impact occurred.

B. age of the child and the size of the car that struck him or her.

Unless he or she is critically ill or injured, you should generally begin your assessment of a toddler: A. in the ambulance. B. at the feet. C. at the head. D. en route to the hospital.

B. at the feet.

Pale skin in a child indicates that the: A. child's core body temperature is elevated. B. blood vessels near the skin are constricted. C. oxygen content in the blood is decreased. D. child is in severe decompensated shock.

B. blood vessels near the skin are constricted.

A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called: A. epiglottitis. B. croup. C. asthma. D. bronchitis.

B. croup.

Which of the following findings is LEAST suggestive of child abuse? A. Evidence of alcohol consumption or drug use at the scene B. Burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distribution C. Consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver D. An unexplained delay in seeking medical care after the injury

C. Consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver

Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is correct? A. The cause of death following SIDS can be established by autopsy. B. Certain cases of SIDS are predictable and therefore preventable. C. Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night. D. SIDS is most commonly the result of an overwhelming infection.

C. Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night.

The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) is to: A. determine if the child's vital signs are within the age-appropriate limits. B. facilitate a rapid head-to-toe assessment of the child by visualization only. C. allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child. D. gather critical data by performing a rapid hands-on assessment of the child.

C. allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child.

Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: A. extreme restlessness. B. acute respiratory distress. C. drooling or congestion. D. skin that is cool and dry.

C. drooling or congestion.

Burns in children are commonly caused by all of the following, EXCEPT: A. scalding water in a bathtub. B. exposure to caustic chemicals. Incorrect C. entrapment in a structural fire. D. hot items on a stovetop.

C. entrapment in a structural fire.

The first month of life after birth is referred to as the: A. premature phase. B. toddler period. C. neonatal period. D. start of infancy.

C. neonatal period.

Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. headache and fever. B. a stiff or painful neck. C. sunken fontanelles. D. altered mental status.

C. sunken fontanelles.

When questioning the parent of a child who ingested a poisonous substance, which of the following questions would be of LEAST pertinence initially? A. Have you noticed any signs or symptoms? B. Do you know what substance was ingested? C. What time did the ingestion occur? D. Why did your child ingest the poison?

D. Why did your child ingest the poison?

A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. Her skin is hot and moist. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted approximately 5 minutes. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures, but has had a recent ear infection. You should: A. place the child in cold water to attempt to reduce her fever. B. suspect that the child has meningitis and transport at once. C. allow the mother to drive her daughter to the hospital. D. cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital.

D. cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital.

When caring for a female child who has possibly been sexually abused, you should: A. immediately report your suspicions to the parents. B. encourage the child to urinate and take a shower. C. carefully examine the genitalia for signs of injury. D. have a female EMT remain with her if possible.

D. have a female EMT remain with her if possible.

While triaging patients at the scene of a motor-vehicle crash, you encounter a 5-year-old child who is unresponsive and apneic. After positioning his airway, you should: A. categorize him as immediate. B. deliver 5 rescue breaths. C. categorize him as deceased. D. palpate for a carotid pulse.

D. palpate for a carotid pulse.

When assessing an 8-year-old child, you should: A. use a toe-to-head assessment approach. B. refrain from taking a blood pressure. C. rely solely on the parent for information. D. talk to the child, not just the caregiver.

D. talk to the child, not just the caregiver.