Ch. 39 Nursing Assessment: GI System practice questions

What problem should the nurse assess the patient for if the patient was on prolonged antibiotic therapy? A. Coagulation problems B. Elevated serum ammonia levels C. Impaired absorption of amino acids D. Increased mucus and bicarbonate secretion

A. Coagulation problems

Checking for the return of the gag reflex and monitoring for LUQ pain, nausea and vomiting are necessary nursing actions after which diagnostic procedure? A. ERCP B. Colonoscopy C, Barium Swallow D. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

A. ERCP also known as: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Priority Decision. Following auscultation of the abdomen, what should the nurse's next action be? A. Lightly percuss over all four quadrants B. Have the patient empty his or her bladder C. Inspect perianal and anal areas for color, masses, rashes and scares D. Perform deep palpation to delineate abdominal organs and masses.

A. Lightly percuss over all four quadrants

What characterizes auscultation of the abdomen? A. The presence of borborygmi indicates hyperperistalsis B. The bell of the stethoscope is used to auscultate high-pitched sounds C. High-pitched , rushing, and tinkling bowel sounds are heard after eating D. Perform deep palpation to delineate abdominal organs and masses

A. The presence of borborygmi indicates hyperperistalsis

A patient's serum liver enzyme tests reveal an elevated aspartate aminotranferase (AST). The nurse recognizes what about the elevated AST? A. It eliminates infection as a cause of liver damage. B. It is diagnostic for liver inflammation and damage. C. Tissue damage in organs other than the liver may be identified. D. Nervous system symptoms related to hepatic encephalopathy may be the cause.

C. Tissue damage in organs other than the liver may be identified.

A 68 year old patient is in the office for a physical. She notes that she no longer has regular bowel movements. Which suggestion by the nurse would be the most helpful to the patient? A. Take an additional laxative to stimulate defecation. B. Eat less acidic foods to enable the GI system to increase peristalsis C. Eat less food at each meal to prevent feces from backing up related to slow peristalsis D. Attempt defecation after breakfast because gastrocolic reflexes increase colon peristalsis at that time.

D. Attempt defecation after breakfast because gastrocolic reflexes increase colon peristalsis at that time.

After eating, a patient with an inflamed gallbladder experiences pain caused by contraction of the gallbladder. What is the mechanism responsible for this action? A. Production of bile by the liver B. Production of secretin by the duodenum C. Release of gastrin from the stomach antrum D. Production of cholecystokinin by the duodenum

D. Production of cholecystokinin by the duodenum

What is a clinical manifestation age-related changes in the GI system that the nurse may find in an older patient? A. Gastric hyperacidity B. Intolerance to fatty foods C. Yellowish tinge to the skin D. Reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus

D. Reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus

What is a normal finding during physical assessment of the mouth? A. A red, slick appearance of the tongue B. Uvular deviation to the side on saying "Ahh" C. A thin, white coating of the dorsum of the tongue D. Scattered red, smooth areas on the dorsum of the tongue

C. A thin, white coating of the dorsum of the tongue

How will an obstruction at the ampulla of Vater affect the digestion of all nutrients? A. Bile is responsible for emulsification of all nutrients and vitamins B. Intestinal digestive enzymes are released through the ampulla of Vater. C. Both bile and pancreatic enzymes enter the duodenum at the ampulla of Vater. D. Gastric contents can only pass to the duodenum when the ampullarf Vater is open.

C. Both bile and pancreatic enzymes enter the duodenum at the ampulla of Vater.

A patient receives atropine, an anticholinergic drug, in preparation for surgery. The nurse expects this drug to affect the GI tract by doing what? A. Increasing gastric emptying B. Relaxing pyloric and ileocecal sphincters C. Decreasing secretions and peristaltic action D. Stimulating the nervous system of the GI tract

C. Decreasing secretions and peristaltic action

Priority Decision. When caring for a patient who has had most of the stomach surgically removed, what is important for the nurse to teach the patient? A. Extra iron will need to be taken to prevent anemia. B. Avoid foods with lactulose to prevent bloating and diarrhea. C Lifelong supplementation of cobalamin (Vitamin b12) will be needed. D. Because of the absence of digestive enzymes, protein malnutrition is likely.

C. Lifelong supplementation of cobalamin (Vitamin b12) will be needed.

Which nursing action are indicated for a liver biopsy? (select all that apply) A. Observe fr white stools B. Monitor for rectal bleeding C. Monitor for internal bleeding D. Position to right side after test E. Ensure bowel preparation was done F. Check coagulation status before test

C. Monitor for internal bleeding D. Position to right side after test F. Check coagulation status before test

What is a normal finding on physical examination of the abdomen? A. Auscultation of bruits B. Observation of visible pulsations C. Percussion of liver dullness in the left midclavicular line D. Palpation of the spleen 1 to 2 cm below the left costal margin

B. Observation of visible pulsations

A patient is admitted to the hospital with left upper quadrant (LUQ) pain. What may be a possible source of the pain? A. Liver B. Pancreas C. Appendix D. Gallbladder

B. Pancreas

Which digestive substances are active or activated in the stomach (check all that apply) A. Bile B. Pepsin C. Gastrin D. Maltase E. Secretin F. Amylase

B. Pepsin C. Gastrin