ch. 5 quiz 1 - (vocab, joshua, judges, and kings)

Psalms:

-Wisdom book -150 psalms over 5 books *73 ATTRIBUTED TO KING DAVID* -Different motivations: praise, thanksgiving, lamentation (to be sorrowful), petition, royal psalms (about coming of MESSIAH) -set to music, part of liturgical worship -some speak of the coming of the Messiah.

how far away is Egypt to Canaan?

-about 200 miles

cycle of apostasy:

-apostasy: denial of God and repudiation (reject it) of faith

kings: David:

-appointed by Samuel -replaces Saul -2nd and greatest of the kings -spirit of the lord rushed onto him (GOD IS TRULY PRESENT TO DAVID, SHOWING THAT HE WILL BE A RIGHTFUL KING) -brave warrior (DAVID AND GOLIATH)

kings: Saul:

-appointed by Samuel -at first successful in military and uniting tribes -becomes prideful and sinful (leads people away from what is true) -loses kingship when Samuel anoints David in his place.

section one: the conquest of the promised land:

-books of Joshua and judges: -Israelites history from the time of Moses' death (1250) to the beginning of the monarch -Israelites settling in the promised land and interacting with Canaanites -conquest of Canaan consists of many battles lead by Joshua (military leader) leader appointed by Moses (in Deuteronomy)

the book of judges ends...

-civil war between the tribes of Israel!

kings:

-first king (Saul) anointed by last judge (Samuel)

1 and 2 Kings:

-history of the Israelites from the death of David to the Babylonian Captivity -The Davidic dynasty lasted 400 years (both united and broken) until the Babylonians conquered the southern kingdom in 586 BC

what was consisted in Canaanite sin?

-moral corruption and child sacrifice.

judges:

-settled disputes between tribe members (mediators) -military leaders for the tribe (not kings)

King Solomon:

-son of David and Bathsheba -Powerful and wealthy with a peaceful and prosperous reign -Greatest achievement: building the Temple in Jerusalem -WISE -BECAME PRIDEFUL - levied taxes for large army and building, forced labor -had many foreign wives, who reintroduced the practice of worshiping false gods (700 (wives) + 300 (affairs))) -rebellion -kingdom splits (BC SOLOMON HASNT KEPT THE COVENANT PROMISE)

main idea:

-the Israelites learn hard way that obeying God brings them success while disobeying God brings them ruin and difficulty.

1 and 2 Samuel:

-the first and second books of Samuel cover the story of the Israelites from the period of the judges until the last years of King David's reign (1075-970 BC)

king david:

-the kingdom is not completly united by the time David comes to be king after the death of Saul *South: David (legit king) *North: one of Saul's sons -David eventually becomes the sole king of Israel, uniting all the tribes *UNITED KINGDOM - 33 years (significant - Jesus died around that age) -Jerusalem as capital and home of Ark of Covenant.

Samuel: (last (big/important) judge))

-transitional figure between judges and kings -appoints a king to rule the nation against his will -Israel is basically lawless -nation begins to fall apart without strong leaders.

Davidic covenant: David wans to build a house to God....

BUT! God wants to build a house...

section two: the monarchy in Israel: *judges 2

*describes the cycle of apostasy

covenant recap: 1. 2. 3. 4.

- Adamic (voice of God) -Noahic (voice of God) -Abrahamic (Angel that stops Abraham) -Mosaic/Sinai (Theophany of God)

famous judges: -Deborah: -Gideon: -Samson:

-(example of what a judge should be) *also a prophet *successfully to win a war against an enemy of Israel that had been oppressing them for 20 years -(coward) *defeated a large army with only 300 men *had a bad temper -(born: dedicated to God as a Nazirite) (supposed to stay pure) (special divine blessing on his life))) *judge w/ superhuman strength (given by God) *as a sign of his commitment to God, he could never cut his hair *tricked by Delilah (to cut his hair) -VERY VIOLENT/ TRICKSTER *(weakness for philistine women)

how long do the Israelites spend in the desert?

-40 years (they struggle with Idolatry, not ready to get into the Promised Land)

Davidic covenant: Promises to David's Son:

-Build temple -Son of God -Rule over Israel Forever *ALSO MENTIONING THE COMING OF JESUS*

David Sins!

-David (is not perfect) commits adultery with Bathsheba and the kills Uriah (her husband) -David repents after the prophet Nathan confronts him *HIS CONSEQUENCE IS HIS SON WITH BATHSHEBA DIES* -LATER Solomon is born of David and Bathsheba (GOD CAN STILL MAKE GOOD)

David and Jesus (Types):

-David: *found by Samuel in Bethlehem *Jesse- David's dad (he is the 8th son) *turning point in salvation history -Jesus: *Joseph is from the line of David, so they go to Bethlehem for the census (where Jesus is born) *8 = number of new beginnings (Hebrew) *turning point in salvation history

Samuel anoints David:

-David: most significant character in OT (more significant than Moses) -Jesus will come from the line of David.

main themes: (cycle of apostasy)

-God continues to help and save the Israelites (sends them Judges)) -People are happier when they follow God -Greatest temptation is directly related to first commandment and to their purpose (to worship)

what sin does Joshua repeatedly warn the Israelites against before he renews the covenant?

-Idolatry (worshiping false gods) -Repeats (Joshua) it over and over again because the sin is such a big problem.

historical books: (background)

-Israelites have arrived at the borders of the Promised Land -Conquering the Promised Land (Canaan is polytheistic, and the Israel's believe in Idolatry) -settling the promised land (each tribe has its own section) -unification of the people (all 12 tribes unified into one kingdom)

book of joshua:

-Joshua lead Israel into the Promised land -battles with the Canaanites: *Jericho: God's faithfulness (ark of covenant) *Ai: Israel's sin -Joshua divides up the land (among the 12 tribes) -Joshua's final words: calls the Israelites to turn away from Canaanite gods.

two timeframes! (both Joshua and judges each have a different time frame of Israel's conquest of Canaan:

-Joshua: Israelites quickly take over the city (Jos 6:1-5; 20) -Judges: more accurate historical record: the conquest (of the land of Canaan) spans approximately 200 years and involves several major battles

Joshua: (Hebrew name: Yeshua (same name given to Jesus (means he who saves)) (Joshua = type for Jesus)

-Moses' successor -led Israelites into promised land -conquered city of Jericho -assigned regions to 12 tribes -strong and constant instrument of God after Moses died

Saul --> David:

-Saul began to take privileges reserved for priests *became prideful *disobeyed certain commands form God -lost the crown to David and God's spirit departed from him and "rushed upon David".

Psalm 51 (Psalm David writes to God for his penance) Describe the way David talks to God in this prayer. Why is this prayer important in terms of the covenant God has made with David on his behalf of Israel?

1. David talks to God in a prayerful and truly sorry manner. -He knows that it will require a change in him (change of heart) 2. David is the mediator of the covenant (HE REPRESENTS ISRAEL) *ISRAEL NEEDS A CHANGE OF HEART, AND THE COVENANT WILL DO THAT*

Davidic covenant: what does God promise to david?

1. Great Name 2. Son and Heir (keep kingdom going/build temple) 3. Adopt David's son as his own

significance of David?

POLITICAL: -unifies 12 tribes -makes peace with Gentile nation (include them into the kingdom --> building an empire) -establishes Jerusalem as the Capitol - (nestled between the north and south) LITURGICAL: -bring the people back to good worship -brings the ark of the covenant into Jerusalem ESCHATOLOGICAL: (having to do with heaven and the end times) (how David is a type for Christ) -foreshadows Jesus (who is the true king) -David is anointed king, Christ (Christos = anointed) -David suffered as a king, Jesus suffered as a spiritual king