Ch. 6 - Practice Questions

The _____ component of motivation involves the choice of behavior with respect to the arousal.

Direction

Which of the following is a motivational skill? -Personality -Achievement -Emotion control -Anxiety

Emotion control

In _____, expectancy is the employee's perception that increased efforts will result in high levels of performance.

Expectancy Theory

When a person accepts a goal as his/her personal goal, we say that person has

Goal Commitment

Which of the following is NOT a critical psychological state in the job characteristics model? A) Knowledge of the results of the work B) Experienced meaningfulness of the work C) Experienced responsibility for the outcomes of the work D) Growth needs strength

Growth needs strength

In Expectancy Theory, ________ is the perceived link between performance and a specific outcome.

Instrumentality

The process of creating jobs that people are motivated to perform because they are inherently appealing is called

Job Design

_____ is defined as the process of arousing, directing, and maintaining behavior towards a goal.

Motivation

The ________ suggests that motivation is based on the connection between the qualities of individuals and the requirements of their jobs.

Motivational Fit Approach

Equity theory classifies pay, benefits, and prestige as

Outcomes

In goal setting, _____ increases acceptance of goals.

Participation

An individualʹs belief about his/her capacity to succeed at a goal is called

Self-Efficacy

Expectancy theory defines _____ as the value of the rewards received to the people receiving them.

Valence

According to expectancy theory, job performance is a function of A) expectancy, instrumentality, and valence. B) perceived aptitude, expected outcomes, desirability of outcomes. C) efforts, performance, and rewards. D) abilities and traits, role perceptions and opportunities, motivation.

abilities and traits, role perceptions and opportunities, motivation.

Marilyn and David are recent graduates of Central State college. Both accepted similar positions at the same firm. During orientation, David discovered that Marilynʹs salary was significantly higher than his. According to equity theory, David will feel ________ while Marilyn will feel ________.

angry; guilty

In recognition that not all employees have the same needs, many employers offer a

cafeteria style benefits plan

Spencer just learned that his salary is $10,000 more than a co-worker whose job performance is superior to his. Equity theory would predict that Spencer would do any of the following except A) continue to work at the same rate assuming that his work is acceptable. B) quit. C) raise his work inputs. D) justify his higher salary cognitively.

continue to work at the same rate assuming that his work is acceptable.

The job characteristics model identifies ________ that help create ________.

core job dimensions; critical psychological states

Job ________ gives an employee more tasks to perform at the same level and job ________ increases the employeeʹs level of responsibility.

enlargement; enrichment

Expectancy theory claims that motivation is a function of A) effort, performance, and rewards. B) individual traits and supervisory skills. C) aptitude, training, and opportunity to perform. D) expectancy, instrumentality, and valence.

expectancy, instrumentality, and valence.

According to goal setting theory, performance is a function of

goal commitment & self-efficacy

The job characteristics model identifies people not particularly interested in improving themselves on the job as

having low growth need strength

To avoid perceptions of inequity, an employer should

make pay rates public information

The job characteristics model defines ________ as the degree to which a job requires doing a whole task from beginning to end and ________ as the amount of impact a job is believed to have on others.

task identity; task significance

Equity theory assumes that employees want

to be treated fairly