Ch. 7 Comparative Politics

Which of the following is NOT true of Al Qaeda, the National Alliance, and Aum Shinrikyo?

All three operate in poor countries, demonstrating the link between religious terrorism and low economic development

What factors help explain why the Arab Spring emerged?

Individual action by Mohamed Bouazizi tapped into common frustrations in the region: the desire for dignity and change

Which of the following would NOT be an example of an individual explanation for political violence?

People who belong to an extreme nationalist organization may be taught that violence is necessary to achieve their goals

In comparing the institutional, ideational, and individual explanations for political violence, which of the following is true?

These three factors are often interconnected, and they often work in conjunction with each other

Which of the following is true about terrorists?

They are often driven by feelings of injustice coupled with alienation or humiliation

Which of the following is NOT a connection between terrorism and revolution?

They can be undermined by negotiations, as both terrorist groups and revolutionary movements merely desire a seat at the negotiating table

Which of the following is NOT true about revolutions?

They include secessionist movements

Terrorism has

affected economies and politics, often weakening these institutions

According to the text, terrorism is the use of political violence by nonstate actors against __________ in order to achieve a political goal.

civilians

Which of the following would NOT be an example of political violence?

crime

An example of an institutional explanation for political violence would be that

electoral and executive systems (like presidentialism) reduce power sharing and block other forms of political expression

Some scholars argue that democratic regimes are able to reduce the threat of terrorism because of

greater political participation

One common feature of religiously based political violence is

hostility to modernity

Terrorism—both domestic and transnational—may be most common in which type of countries?

illiberal or transitioning states

Theda Skocpol argued that international competition with rival states leads weaker states to seek reform, but these reforms destabilize elite power and sow discord in the public. This explanation would be an example of

institutional theory

Which of the following is NOT a typical outcome of revolutions?

maintenance of the status quo

Some scholars argue that, despite the particular idea they base it on, terrorists tend to believe that all institutions and values are meaningless. This is known as

nihilism

Political violence is defined as violence that is politically motivated and

outside of state control

The main difference between terrorism and guerrilla warfare is that guerrilla warfare

targets state actors; terrorism targets civilians

Some scholars argue that revolutions occur when the public's expectations do not match the realities of their current conditions. This is called

the relative deprivation model