ch 7 Smartbook
Which statements characterize bone remodeling? - It occurs at the periosteal and endosteal surfaces of a bone. - It stops between the ages of 25 and 35. - It helps maintain calcium and phosphate levels in body fluids. - It occurs at the same rate everywhere in the skeleton. - It can be stimulated by stress on a bone.
- It occurs at the periosteal and endosteal surfaces of a bone. - It helps maintain calcium and phosphate levels in body fluids. - It can be stimulated by stress on a bone.
Bone formation requires ______. Multiple select question. - vitamin B1 - calcium - vitamin D - phosphate
- calcium - vitamin D - phosphate
Which statements characterize canaliculi? - they are lined with periosteum - they contain blood vessels - they contain osteocyte cytoplasmic extensions - they extend from lacunae to lacunae - nutrients pass through them
- they contain osteocyte cytoplasmic extensions - they extend from lacunae to lacunae - nutrients pass through them
Which statements characterize osteocytes? Multiple select question. - they secrete osteoid - they break down bone matrix - they reside in lacunae - they maintain bone matrix
- they reside in lacunae - they maintain bone matrix
Covering the end of an epiphysis of a long bone is a thin layer of hyaline cartilage called the ____ cartilage
articular
A fracture hematoma forms when ______.
bone breaks
endochondral ossification
bone formation within hyaline cartilage
The continual deposition of new bone tissue and the removal of old bone tissue is called ______.
bone remodeling
The hormone that is produced in the thyroid gland and has the greatest effect on children's blood calcium levels is ______
calcitonin
Which hormone promotes calcium deposition in bone and inhibits osteoclast activity?
calcitonin
Tiny channels that connect lacunae to other lacunae in an osteon are called ______.
canaliculi
Rings of bone connective tissue that surround the central canal of an osteon are called ______.
concentric lamellae
Bone is a type of ______ tissue.
connective
The elongated cylindrical shaft of a long bone is called its
diaphysis
what type of bones does intramembranous ossification produce?
flat bones
During bone development, the liver releases somatomedin in response to ____ hormone.
growth
A blood clot within a bone fracture is called a fracture
hematoma
Donor bone marrow is most commonly harvested from the ______.
iliac crest
The function of parathyroid hormone is to ______.
increase blood calcium levels
Which statements characterize articular cartilage? it covers an epiphysis it functions to reduce friction in joints it covers a diaphysis it is composed of hyaline cartilage it is composed of fibrocartilage
it covers an epiphysis it functions to reduce friction in joints it is composed of hyaline cartilage
Osteocytes are ______.
mature bone cells
What is the cylindrical space within the diaphysis of a long bone called?
medullary cavity
Another name for the calcification of bone is
mineralization
Another term for bone tissue is ______ connective tissue.
osseous
Mature bone cells sitting in lacunae are called ______.
osteoblast
Osteitis deformation is caused by increased ______ activity.
osteoclast osteoblast
When osteoblasts become entrapped in the matrix they produce, they become cells called ______.
osteocytes
What is the entire structure that is pictured here?
osteon
Decreased bone mass can cause a disease called
osteoporosis or osteopenia
Calcitonin is produced by the ____ cells in the thyroid gland.
parafollicular
The release of ____ hormone increases blood calcium levels.
parathyroid
The diaphysis of a bone is the ______ of a bone.
shaft
The broken bone does not penetrate the skin in a ______.
simple fracture
Cancellous or trabecular bone is also called ___ bone
spongy
The second most common site to harvest bone marrow is the ______.
sternum (1st common is hip bone)
What type of bones does endochondral ossification produce?
upper/lower limbs, the pelvis, the vertebrae, and the ends of the clavicle
In adults, the medullary cavity contains ______ bone marrow.
yellow
