Ch 8 multiple choice questions

The anti parallel arrangement within DNA molecules refers to A) one helix strand that runs from 5' to 3' direction and the other strand runs from the 3' to 5' direction B) each base bonding at the 1' position of the sugar C) an original parent DNA strand and one newly synthesized DNA strand comprising a new DNA molecule D) a purine always bonding to a pyrimidine

A) one helix strand that runs from 5' to 3' direction and the other strand runs from the 3' to 5' direction

All of the following pertain to nitrogenous bases except A) form pairs by hydrogen bonding B) guanine pairs with uracil C) adenine pairs with thymine D). Cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines

B. guanine pairs with uracil.

If the mRNA codon for alanine is GCA, then the correct anti-codon would be: A) CGU B) GCA C) CGT D) ACG

CGU

Structural genes code for A) Cellular proteins B) ribosomal RNA molecules C) transfer RNA molecules D) Gene expression elements

Cellular proteins

A three base sequence on mRNA is called a(n) _______. A) exon B) intron C) codon D) anticodon

Codon

Base pairs in DNA are held together by _____ bonds. A) polar covalent B) non polar covalent C) peptide D) hydrogen

D) hydrogen

In recombinant DNA technique, what enzyme is needed to steal the sticky ends of genes into plasmids or chromosomes? A) DNA polymerase B) DNA ligase C) DNA helicase D) primase

DNA ligase

Okazaki fragments are attached to the growing end of the lagging strand by A) DNA ligases B) DNA polymerases C) DNA helicases D) DNA gyrases

DNA ligases

The enzymes that can proofread replicating DNA, detect incorrect bases, excise them, and correctly replace them are A) DNA ligases B) DNA polymerases C) DNA helicases D) DNA gyrases

DNA polymerases

A frame shift is caused by ______ mutations. A) deletion and insertion B) miss sense and insertion C) Miss sense and nonsense D) Nonsense and deletion

Deletion and insertion

The process in which mutations are removed in the correct bases added is called A) frame shift B) transduction C) excision repair D) back-mutation

Excision repair

The most serious type of mutation is A) Point mutation B) frameshift mutation C) silent mutation D) Back mutation

Frameshift mutation

A technique that separates a readable pattern of DNA fragments is A) genetic engineering B) biotechnology C) recombinant DNA D) gel electrophoresis

Gel electrophoresis

Each _____ is a specific segment of the DNA with the code for production of one functional product. A) intron B) gene C) exon D) operator

Gene

The various techniques by which scientist manipulate DNA in the lab called A) genetic engineering B) biotechnology C) recombinant DNA D) gel electrophoresis

Genetic engineering

The _____ is all of the genetic material of a cell. A) chromosome B) prophage C) genome D) plasmid

Genome

If the wild type DNA sequence reads THE CAT ATE THE BIG RAT, what type of mutation would change the sequence to THE CAT ATA ETH EBI GRA T? A) deletion B) missense C) nonsense D) insertion

Insertion

Which molecule is synthesized as a copy of a gene on the DNA template strand? A) transfer RNA B) Messenger RNA C) Ribosomal mRNA D) primer RNA

Messenger RNA

A permanent, inheritable change in the genetic information is called A) translation B) mutation C) transcription D) Alteration

Mutation

Mutation that changes a normal codon to a stop codon is called a: A) nonsense mutation B) Point mutation C) silent mutation D) Missense mutation

Nonsense mutation

The DNA of microorganisms is made up of subunits called A) nucleotides B) histones C) amino acids D) polymerases

Nucleotides

All of the following pertain to transcription except A) occurs on a ribosome in the cytoplasm B) occurs before translation C) requires RNA polymerase D) Requires a template DNA strand

Occurs on a ribosome in the cytoplasm

Amplification of DNA is accomplished by A) polymerase chain reaction B) DNA sequencing C) Gene probes D) Southern blot

Polymerase chain reaction

The non-transcribed region of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription is called the A) operator B) promoter C) operon D) exon

Promoter

The deliberate removal of genetic material from one organism and combining it with the genetic material of another organism is a specific technique called A) biotechnology B). Genetic engineering C) recombinant DNA D). Gel electrophoresis

Recombinant DNA

The gene that codes for a protein capable of repressing an operon is called the: A) structural locus B) operator C) regulator D) promoter

Regulator

What type of mutation alters the base, but not the amino acid being coded for? A) point B) silent C) nonsense D) missense

Silent

During replication, each parent DNA strand serves as a _____ for synthesis of new DNA strands. A) copy point B) comparison molecule C) template D) Scaffold

Template

The RNA molecules that carry amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis are called A) transfer RNA B) ribosomal RNA C) Messenger RNA D) Primer RNA

Transfer RNA

Helicase A) unwinds DNA B) supercoils DNA C) unwinds RNA D) unzips DNA

Unzips DNA