ch 8 pelvis and hip

anterior pelvic suproinferior axial inlet projection (bridgeman) cr 14X17

40 degrees caudad entering the midline at the level of ASIS

A line is drawn between theASIS and the superior margin of the pubic sym a second line is then drawn inferior to the greater tro to the midpoint of the previous line.

Femoral neck

false pelvis (greater pelvis)

Between the ala of the iliac and superior to the pelvic inlet

true pelvis (lesser pelvis)

Bounded superiorly by the pelvic inlet and inferiorly by the pelvic diaphragm

A line drawn at right angles to the midpoint of the first lines parallel to the long axis of the femoral neck the femoral head lies 1.5 in distal and the femoral neck is 2.5 in distal to the midpoint

Hip joint

Bony Landmarks of the pelvis

Iliac crest ASIS pubic symphysis Greater trochanter of the femur ischial tuberosity tip of the coccyx

Slipped epiphysis

Proximal portion of femur dislocated from distal portion at the proximal epiphysis

ankylosing spondylitis

Rheumatoid arthritis variant involving the sacroiliac joints and spine

false pelvis

Superior to the true pelvis; area medial to the flaring portions of the ilia

the Ilium consists of

a body and a broad winglike portion called the ala

the iliopubic column (anterior) is composed

a short segment of the ilium and the pubis, extends up as far as the anterior spine of the ilium and from the symphysis pubis and obturator foramen through the acetabulum to the ASIS

the ilium, pubis, and ischium are fused to form

acetabulum

anterior and posterior borders present four prominent projections

anterior superior iliac spine (Asis) anterior inferior iliac spine posterior superior iliac spine posterior inferior iliac spine

the ala has three borders:

anterior, posterior, superior

the inferior and posterior portions of the wing present a large, rough surface _____for articulation with sacrum.

auricular surface

brigeman method structure shown

axial projection of the pelvic ring , or inlet, in its entirety.

ap medified cleaves method fig 4 cr

bilteral aprox 45 degrees. enter ir 1 inch superior to the pubic sym unilateral direct to the femoral neck

The pubis consists of

body superior ramus inferior ramus

the llioischial column contains

body of ischium ischial spine lesser sciatic notch ischium ischial tuberosity

the llioubic column contains

body of pubis superior ramus pubis inferior ramus

the pubes of the hip bones articulate with each other. the tissue is _____ joint type is _____ and movement is ___

cartilaginous, symphysis, slightly movable (cartilaginous symphysis joint)

AP Oblique Acetabulum (Judet) internal oblique CR is

entering 2 inches inferior to the ASIS of affected hip

AP Oblique Acetabulum (Judet) external oblique ___

external oblique is hip affected side down

the _______and the are two common sites of fracture in elderly adults

femoral neck, intertrochanteric crest

legg calve perthes disease

flattening of the femoral head due to vascular interruption

a small depression at the center of the head, the ___ ___ attaches to the _____

fovea capitis, ligamentum capitis femoris

AP Oblique Acetabulum (Judet) external oblique is used for a suspected

fracture of the ilioischial column (posterior) and the anterior rim of the acetabulum

AP Oblique Acetabulum (Judet) internal oblique is used for a suspected

fracture of the iliopubic column (anterior) and the posterior rim of the acetabulum

the medial surface of the wing contains the ____ and is separated from the body of the bone by a smooth, arc-shaped ridge - the ______which forms part of the circumference of the pelvic brim

iliac fossa, aurcuate line

The hip bone is divided into two distinct areas:

iliopubic column ilioischial column

the true pelvis is measured from the tip of the coccyx to the

inferior margin of the pubic symphysis in the ap direction and between the ischial tuberosities in the horizontal direction

AP Oblique Acetabulum (Judet) internal oblique ______

internal oblique position (affected side up)

the ischium consists of a body and the

ischial ramus

the lesser trochanter is at the _____ part of the femoral body

posteromedial

when the body is seated or upright position its weight rests on the _________

the two ischial tuberosities

the ilioischial column ( posterior) composed of

the vertical portion of the ischium and the portion of the ilium immediately above the ischium, extends from the obturator foramen through the posterior aspect of the acetabulum.

Pagent Disease (Osteitis Deformans)

thick, soft bone marked by bowing and fractures

the body of the ilium forms approx ___ of the acetabulum superiorly

two - fifths

the body of the ischium forms approximately _____ of the acetabulum posteriorly

two - fifths

the pelvis consists of four bones

two hip bones (pelvic girdle ), the sacrum, and the coccyx

the longitudinal plane of the femur is angled about ___degrees from vertical.

10

hip d. miller cr

10x12 crosswise perpendicular to the long axis of the femoral neck. The central ray enters the groin area at a point midway between the anterior and posterior surfaces of the upper thigh and passes through the femoral neck, which is about 2.5 inches below the point of intersection of the localization lines

in the average adult the neck projects anteriorly from the body at an angle of _____ degrees and superiorly at an angle of approximately ______degrees to the long axis of the femoral body

15-20 , 120-130

AP Pelvis CR

2 inch inferior ,down from asis and 2 inches above pubic sym Greater tro in profile

anterior pelvic AP axial outlet projection (taylor) CR men 14X17

20 to 35 degrees cephalad entering midline at a point 2 inches inferior to the superior border of the pubic symphsis

the sacroiliac (SI) joints angle ____ degrees relative to the midsagittal plane. tissue is ______ joint type is _____ movement is ____

25 to 30, synovial, irregular gliding, slightly movable

anterior pelvic AP axial outlet projection (taylor) CR women 14X17

30 to 45 degrees cephalad and entering 2 inches inferior to the superior border of the pubic symphysis

multiple myeloma

malignant neoplasm of plasma cells involving the bone marrow and causing destruction of bone

Chondrosarcoma

malignant tumor of cartilage

the posterior union, of the ischial ramus and the inferior ramus, the rami of the pubis and ischium enclose the _______

obturator foramen.

the body of the pubis forms approximately ____________ of the acetabulum anteriorly

one - fifth

The hip bone is often referred to as what?

os coxae, innominate bone, hip bone

AP Oblique Acetabulum (Judet) external oblique CR

perpendicular to the IR and entering the pubic sym

the left and right ilia articulate with the sacrum posteriorly at the

sacroiliac (SI) joints

Taylor method structures shown

superior and inferior rami without the forshortening seen in PA or Ap projection because the cr is perpendicular to the rami

the greater trochanter is at the ____ part of the femoral body

superolateral

true pelvis

surrounded by bone and lies inferior to flaring parts of the ilia; passage for infant at birth in women