Ch 9-12

How do self-disclosure practices in collectivist cultures like Japan's differ from those found in individualistic cultures like that of the United States?

Members of collectivist cultures tend not to self-disclose with new people whereas members of individualistic cultures tend to self-disclose readily with strangers.

In the In Real Life Feature "The Assertive Message Format," you text offers examples to show that the elements of the assertive message format can vary, and the way they sound will depend on the situation and your personal style.

True

"I like the way we don't discuss our political differences in public" is an example of metacommunication.

True

Disconfirming communication messages are used to convey a lack of value from one person to another, often in ways that threaten the face of the communicators involved

True

Messages that seem to challenge the image we want to project are referred to as ________

face-threatening acts

Men and women often approach conflicts differently. Even in childhood, ________.

males are more likely to be aggressive, demanding, and competitive, whereas females are more likely to be cooperative

What type of disconfirming communication does the following interaction illustrate? Michael: "I'm kind of worried about my grandmother's health. She's been losing so much weight." Sonja: "Yeah, I don't think she's eating enough, and at the rate we're going, pretty soon we won't be eating enough either—we really need to go grocery shopping."

A tangential response

What type of disconfirming communication does the following interaction illustrate? Alice: "Would you like to go see a movie with me on Friday night?" Bill: "Uh, maybe. Alice: "OK, well, do you want to call me Thursday to let me know if you're free?" Bill: "Uh, that might work. See you later."

An ambiguous response

Which nondefensive response to criticism does Donna's comment illustrate? Cynthia: "This place is a mess! Would it kill you to help out around the apartment?" Donna: "I've got a ton of studying to do, but this weekend I could clean the kitchen and bathrooms, or I could do laundry and vacuuming. Which would be more helpful?" Cynthia: "I know you're busy....If you would just get your clothes off the floor and take out the trash, that would be great."

Asking what the critic wants

The ________ conflict style involves creating a lose-lose situation.

Avoiding

Both examples below illustrate which element of the assertive message format? Example 1: "Yesterday, Kristopher promised me he would stop coming over to my house without calling first. Today, he stopped by without clearing it with me." Example 2: "Carla hasn't been asking me to join her for lunch, like she usually does. She also hasn't been hanging out much outside of her office, and hasn't returned any of my emails that weren't directly related to work."

Behavioral description

Which statement below accurately describes an aspect of attachment theory?

Children who develop secure bonds with their family members tend to be more confident communicators and have more effective relationships

Social scientists use the term metacommunication to describe what kinds of messages that people exchange?

Communication about communication

Which statement about family roles is true?

Communication problems in families often arise when people communicate in ways that do not fit their expected family role

The statements "I wish you would be friendlier," "You are such a slob," and "You need to have a more positive attitude" are examples of ________.

Complaining

In the ________ conflict style, both people involved in the conflict get some of what they want but also have to sacrifice some of their goals

Compromising

We seek out involvement with others but, at the same time, we are unwilling to sacrifice our entire identity to even the most satisfying relationship. Which dialectal tension does this illustrate?

Connection versus autonomy

Researchers have identified five strategies to help keep relationships satisfying, including all of the following except ______________

Consistency

One type of defensive behavior, neutrality, involves reacting with indifference to the feelings of others. What is the supportive counterpart to this defensive behavior?

Empathy

After we have made contact with a new person, the next stage is to decide whether we are interested in pursuing the relationship further. This involves getting to know others by gaining more information about them. This stage is referred to as ________

Experimenting

For a behavior to be considered a transgression, it needs to be deliberate.

False

In the Ethical Challenge Feature "Nonviolence: A Legacy of Principled Effectiveness," your text suggests that the proven effectiveness of nonviolence in achieving social change is, sadly, rarely effective in interpersonal situations.

False

In the Looking at Diversity Feature "Searching for Accord in Troubled Times," FBI director James Comey's studies show that many people in our white-majority culture have unconscious racial biases and react differently to a white face than a black face. Therefore, Comey suggests we're not responsible for our behavior in response to those instinctive reactions

False

In the Reading Feature "How to Fall in Love," Mandy Len Catron reports on a study that proves it's not possible to artificially generate the trust and intimacy that love needs in order to thrive.

False

The Reading Feature "Software Tackles Roommate Conflicts," Matt Unger, chief executive officer of Roompact, explains that his digital solutions for avoiding roommate conflict will eventually eliminate the need for face-to-face dialogue.

False

Which statement below does not characterize family systems?

Family systems are the smallest social unit and cannot be broken down into smaller subsystems

Which kinship position is part of a family suprasystem?

Grandmother

Which messages primarily involve using clichés rather than truly responding to a speaker?

Impersonal Responses

What is the difference between the complementary conflict style and the symmetrical conflict style?

In the complementary style, both partners use different but reinforcing behaviors; in the symmetrical style, both partners use the same behaviors.

These examples illustrate which element of the assertive message format? Example 1: "Kristopher must have forgotten about his agreement not to stop by my place without calling first. I know he doesn't mean to inconvenience me; he is just excited to see me." Example 2: "Kristopher is so rude! I can't believe he doesn't understand how annoying it is when people show up unannounced. He just doesn't respect my privacy.

Interpretation statement

Which statement about intimate relationships is true?

It is neither possible nor desirable to establish an intimate relationship with most people we meet

Each of the following is considered to be one of the "Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse" for relationships except _______

Jealousy

Studies show that relational intimacy may develop ________ through computer-mediated communication than in face-to-face communication.

More quickly

A strategy to maintain a relationship that involves talking directly about the relationship and disclosing needs and concerns is _______________.

Openness

When a communicator expresses hostility in an obscure or manipulative way, his or her behavior is called ________.

Passive aggression

What is a relational conflict style?

The pattern of managing disagreements that develops in a long-term relationship.

Which strategy for managing dialectal tensions involves acknowledging that dialectal tensions are a part of life and accepting the challenges that come with them?

Reaffirmation

We are attracted to people who we believe are attracted to us. Conversely, we will probably not care for people who either attack or seem indifferent toward us. This kind of attraction is labeled as which of the following?

Reciprocal Attraction

Affinity, immediacy, respect, and control are dimensions of what kind of communication?

Relational

Some social scientists have argued that all relationships—both impersonal and personal—are based on a semi-economic model called social exchange theory. The basis of this model is:

Rewards - Costs = Outcomes

A large body of research confirms the fact that we like people who are ________ us, at least in most cases.

Similar to

In the Looking at Diversity Feature "A Modern Arranged Marriage," Rakhi Singh tells the story of her marriage to Rajesh Punn, including how their parents coordinated a more modern approach to arranged marriage that included much less pressure than upon previous generations. Rakhi highlights the difference by sharing about her parents arranged marriage and how during her parents first meeting they were given only three hours to decide on an engagement.

True

In the Looking at Diversity Feature "Multicultural Families and Communication Challenges," Scott Johnson, father of an adopted biracial family, promotes having frank discussions about race as a family.

True

In the Looking at Diversity Feature "Promoting Understanding," Abdel Jalil Elayyadi, an Arab Muslim who grew up in Morocco, explains how he tries to promote peace and understanding in the world by engaging in conversations with non-Muslims that focus on things in common and shared beliefs

True

In the Reading Feature "Relfies: Good for You and Your Relationships," Gary Lewandowski suggests that "relfies," relationship selfie photos, help promote healthy relationships.

True

The Reading Feature "When Friends Get in the Way," suggests that our 24/7 social connectivity with close friends can get in the way of the development of romantic relationships.

True

Which statement below best describes a difference between the content and relational dimensions of communication?

While there are a huge number of possible content messages, nearly all relational messages fit into one of only four categories.

In the On the Job Feature "Picking Your Workplace Battles," your text states that management consultants offer all of the following guidelines for when to consider a retreat during conflict, except which one?

You are more powerful than those you are in conflict with.

Listening to the ideas and feelings of others is an important part of ______

acknowledgement

When our authors describe conflict as an expressed struggle, they believe conflict can only occur when ________

both parties are aware of a disagreement

Most people become irritated at judgmental statements, which they are likely to interpret as indicating a lack of regard. The supportive counterpart to this evaluative behavior is ________.

description

In the Ethical Challenge Feature "Dirty Fighting with Crazymakers," a gunnysacker is defined as someone who __________

doesn't respond immediately when angered; instead, a gunnysacker lets conflicts build up until they all pour out at once.

The four dimensions of intimacy are ________.

physical, intellectual, emotional, and shared activities

An event that changes a relationship in a fundamental way, such as a first kiss, is known as a ________

relational turning point

According to your text, for many males the most meaningful part of their same-sex friendships is ________.

shared activities

A friendship based on shared activities rather than emotional support can be described as ________.

task oriented

In a conflict situation, the process of identifying and defining a conflict, generating a number of possible solutions, evaluating those solutions, and then deciding on the best solution is called ________

the negotiation of a solution

Before you begin conflict management, your text suggests that it's important to realize two things about the problem that is causing the conflict. They are _______________

the problem is yours, and you have unmet needs

Over twenty years of research shows that both happy and unhappy marriages have conflicts but that they manage conflict in very different ways. The difference between happy and unhappy couples is that _______

unhappy couples argue in destructive ways

Which conflict style involves civil conversations in which conflicts are managed openly and cooperatively?

validating