Ch. 9 Principles of Biology

Notch and Delta are both transmembrane proteins involved in cell communication in the developing nervous system of vertebrate animals. What makes Notch different from Delta?

Notch is a receptor, and Delta is a signaling molecule.

Which is NOT one of the steps in cell signaling

obtaining a high density of signaling molecules

Celullar response to signal transduction

A change in the activity of an enzyme, the release of more signal molecules, and a change in the proteins found in cytosol.

A receptor protein

A protein on a cell surface that binds to a signaling molecule.

A chemical that binds to a cell and causes its activity to change is an example of which of the following elements of cellular communication?

A signaling molecule

what is a key difference between cell signaling by a cell-surface receptor and cell signaling by an intracellular receptor?

Cell-surface receptors bind polar signaling molecules; intracellular receptors bind any signaling molecule.

Which of the following types of cellular activities can be a response to cell signaling

Gene expression patters are changed, Cell division is triggered, Enzyme activities are changed, and cell signals are released to communicate with other cells.

Which type of receptor is involved in rapid response of muscle cells and neurons?

Ligand-gated ion channel

In many singling pathways, once a signaling molecule binds to a receptor, the receptor becomes phosphorylated.

Receptor activation

Correct order of cell signaling

Receptor activation, signal transduction, response

To have communication between cells, you must have a:

Responding cell, receptor, and signaling molecule.

Signaling pathways have been conserved in a wide range of organisms

TRUE

This is NOT part of the general response of cells during cellular communication

The cell does not return to its normal activities after the signal has exerted its effect.

Delta directly signals to a notch transmembrane protein in adjacent cells? True or False

True

Delta directs adjacent cells to differentiate into glial cells. True or False

True

Delta is a transmembrane protein found in embryonic brain cells. True or False

True

Delta produced by embryonic stem cells as they differentiate into neurons in the brain? True or False

True

Receptor Kinases

becomes phosphorylated when it is bound by its signaling molecule ligand.