Ch 9: Race and Ethnicity as Lived Experience
pluralism or multiculturalism
a pattern of inter-group relations that encourages racial and ethnic variation within a society
assimilation
a pattern of relations between ethnic or racial groups in which the minority groups is absorbed into the mainstream or dominant group, making society more homogeneous
racism
a set of beliefs about the superiority of one racial or ethnic group; used to justify inequality, and often rooted in the assumption that differences between groups are genetic
ethnicity
a socially defined category based on common language, religion, nationality, history, or another cultural factor
race
a socially defined category, based on real or perceived biological differences between groups of people
situational ethnicity
an ethnic identity that can be either displayed or concealed depending on its usefulness in a given situation
symbolic ethnicity
an ethnic identity that is only relevant on specific occasions and does not significantly impact on everyday life
prejudice
an idea about the characteristics of a group that is applied to all members of that group, and is unlikely to change regardless of the evidence against it
individual discrimination
discrimination carried out by one person against another
institutional discrimination
discrimination carried out systematically by institutions (political, economic, educational, and others) that affect all members of a group who came into contact with it
minority group
members of social group that is systematically denied the same access to power and resources available to the dominant groups of a society, but who are not necessarily fewer in number than the dominant groups
passing
presenting yourself as a member of a different racial or ethnic group than the one you were born into
genocide
the deliberate and systematic extermination of a racial, ethnic, national, or cultural group
internal colonialism
the economic and political domination and subjugation of the minority group by the controlling group within a nation
population transfer
the forcible removal of a group of people from the territory they have occupied
segregation
the formal and legal separation of groups by race or ethnicity
racial assimilation
the process by which racial minority groups are absorbed into the dominant group through intermarriage
cultural assimilation
the process by which racial or ethnic groups are absorbed into the dominant group by adopting group's culture
embodied identity
those elements od identity that are generated through others' perceptions of our physical traits
discrimination
unequal treatment of individuals based on their membership in a social group; usually motivated by prejudice