Ch.17 Test

44. Samuel Gompers was the leader of the

A. American Federation of Labor.

10. In the 1870s, the "internal combustion engine" was developed in

A. Europe.

6. In the United States, the steel industry first emerged in

A. Pennsylvania and Ohio.

20. The business structure of Carnegie Steel was a good example of

A. Vertical integration

39. During the late nineteenth century, child labor in the United States

A. increased significantly.

23. In the American business community at the end of the nineteenth century,

A. one percent of businesses controlled one-third of all manufacturing.

8. In the late nineteenth century, the needs of the American steel industry directly contributed to the further development of all of the following EXCEPT

A. the automobile industry.

19. Who among the following was NOT significantly associated with the steel industry?

E. James J. Hill

50. The Pullman strike of 1894

A. saw the president of the United States order federal troops to break the strike.

47. In what industry did the Homestead strike of 1892 occur?

A. steel

16. In 1929, the base price of a Ford Model T was

A. $290.

12. Orville and Wilbur Wright's first successful airplane flight in 1903

A. took place near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

35. During the 1870s and 1880s, most of the immigrants to the United States came from

B. Great Britain and northern Europe.

17. Which of the following statements about the American railroad industry in the late nineteenth century is FALSE?

B. It saw Congress outlaw railroad combinations.

32. In the late nineteenth century, the social writer Henry George argued in favor of

B. a single land tax to replace all other taxes.

22. To John D. Rockefeller, the great "curse" of business in the late nineteenth century was

B. cutthroat competition.

31. In the late nineteenth century, Daniel De Leon

B. founded the Socialist Labor Party in the United States.

38. In 1900, in regards to the work conditions in American factories,

B. laborers could expect to work at least sixty hours a week.

13. In 1900, the emergence of research laboratories in American corporations

B. led to a diversification of research interests.

45. The Haymarket Square Riot of 1886

B. resulted in the conviction and execution of several anarchists.

51. Eugene Debs played a leading role in what labor event?

B. the Pullman strike

7. All of the following cities became important centers for steel production EXCEPT

C. Atlanta.

2. Who among the following began to develop an oil empire by taking control of competing oil companies in Ohio?

C. John D. Rockefeller

15. A key to Henry Ford's success in mass production of automobiles was

C. The moving assembly line

42. The Knights of Labor

C. began as a secret fraternal organization.

49. The Pullman strike of 1894 began when George Pullman, owner of the company,

C. cut wages by twenty-five percent due to a slumping economy.

29. In his books, Horatio Alger

C. emphasized the value of personal character in business.

36. Until its repeal in 1885, the Labor Contract Law

C. put many new immigrants in debt to American businessmen.

11. In 1917, automobile production in the United States

C. saw five million cars on American roads.

In the late nineteenth century, industry in the United States

C. saw the federal government eager to assist in its growth.

26. In the late nineteenth century, Social Darwinists argued that people who failed economically in the United States did so because

C. they were not fit enough to survive in the market

41. The great railroad strike of 1877

C. was launched in response to a wage cut.

43. At its height in 1886, the Knights of Labor were led by

D. Terence V. Powderly.

25. The social theory of Social Darwinism

D. Was used to justify the social consequences of industrial capitalism

5. The open-hearth process of making steel

D. made the production of large dimension pieces possible.

28. According to the ideas expressed by Andrew Carnegie in his The Gospel of Wealth,

D. the rich had great responsibilities to society.

18. During the late nineteenth century, the growth of large corporations was helped

E. All these answers are correct.

34. In the late nineteenth century, due to the growth of industrial capitalism, American workers

E. All these answers are correct.

4. The process of making steel developed by Henry Bessemer

E. All these answers are correct.

46. During the late nineteenth century, anarchists in the United States

E. All these answers are correct.

27. In the late nineteenth century, the first and most important promoter of Social Darwinism was

E. Herbert Spencer.

37. By 1900, the average yearly income of American workers

E. None of these answers is correct.

9. The first significant oil production in the United States occurred in

E. Pennsylvania.

48. Which of the following events did NOT occur during the Homestead strike of 1892?

E. The Amalgamated trade union won the strike.

3. Prior to the Civil War, the steel industry in the United States

E. barely developed at all.

24. In the late nineteenth century, most American business millionaires

E. began their careers from positions of wealth and privilege

30. The late nineteenth century sociologist Lester Frank Ward

E. believed that human intelligence, not natural selection, shaped society.

33. Edward Bellamy's 1888 book, Looking Backward,

E. imagined an ideal future in which all corporations were combined into one great trust.

40. The Molly Maguires were a militant

E. labor union in the coal industry.

14. In the early twentieth century, a principle goal of "Taylorism" was to

E. organize industrial production into many simple tasks.

52. In the late nineteenth century, organized labor failed to make great gains for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

E. state and federal laws to protect the rights of workers which did not exist.

21. The business structure of Standard Oil was a good example of

E. vertical and horizontal integration.