Ch.18- Cardiovascular Blood System
A primary function of lymphocytes is to Select one: a. act against foreign substances. b. stimulate formation of red blood cells. c. phagocytize damaged cells. d. produce enzymes that dissolve blood clots. e. release substances that initiate blood clots.
a
All blood cells and platelets develop from this stem cell. Select one: a. hemocytoblast b. promyelocyte c. myeloblast d. megacaryoblast
a
Red blood cell formation is called ________ . Select one: a. erythropoiesis b. erythromitosis c. hemoporesis d. hemostasis
a
Sickle cell disease, in which red blood cells contain abnormal hemoglobin, is caused by Select one: a. a mutation. b. a virus. c. an excess of hemoglobin. d. a lack of dietary iron. e. a lack of intrinsic factor.
a
The blueish color of skin and mucous membranes due to prolonged oxygen deficiency is called ________. Select one: a. cyanosis b. oxyhemoglobin c. carbon monoxide poisoning d. hypoxia
a
The normal white blood cell count is between Select one: a. 4,000-11,000 cells per microliter of blood. b. 4,000,000-11,000,000 cells per microliter of blood. c. 130,000-360,000 cells per microliter of blood. d. 40,000-110,000 cells per microliter of blood. e. 400-1,100 cells per microliter of blood.
a
What happens when a person with anti-A antibodies receives a transfusion of type A blood? Select one: a. agglutination b. blood clot formation c. hemorrhage d. nothing
a
What iron storage disease is inherited and if left untreated, leads to a toxic buildup in body tissues? Select one: a. hemochromacytosis b. Sickle cell disease c. Parkinson's disease d. Addison's disease
a
What is the function of a megakaryocyte? Select one: a. It is a cell that forms many platelets. b. It is a cell from which all types of white blood cells develop. c. It is the stem cell from which all blood cells develop. d. It is a cell from which monocytes develop.
a
What is the function of the hormone thrombopoietin? Select one: a. It stimulates platelet formation. b. It inhibits platelet formation. c. It inhibits megakaryocyte formation. d. It stimulates thrombus formation.
a
________ is the term for stopping bleeding. Select one: a. hemostasis b. homeostasis c. hematomesis d. hemolysis e. agglutination
a
As a platelet plug forms, platelets release the vasoconstricting substance called Select one: a. acetylcholine. b. serotonin. c. fibrin. d. collagen. e. creatine.
b
Blood tests revealed a low hematocrit level, which explained why Mr. Jenkins had been feeling so tired and listless. A deficiency of red blood cells reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood, a condition called ________. Select one: a. anoxia b. anemia c. polycythemia d. hypoxia e. leukemia
b
Hematocrit is Select one: a. a clotting factor. b. the percent of red blood cells in a blood sample. c. the color of plasma. d. a disease. e. none of the above.
b
Platelets are best defined as Select one: a. giant, multinucleated cells. b. cytoplasmic fragments of cells. c. stem cells. d. immature leukocytes. e. lymphoid cells.
b
Prothrombin time is a blood test used to evaluate Select one: a. serotonin levels. b. blood clotting. c. ABO blood type. d. blood flow. e. Rh blood type.
b
The percentage of red blood cells in a sample of human blood is normally about Select one: a. 15%. b. 45%. c. 30%. d. 80%. e. 60%.
b
What event below could cause smooth muscle of a blood vessel to go into spasms? Select one: a. parasympathetic stimulation b. vessel injury c. formation of a blood clot d. a deficiency of plasma globulins
b
What is the average life span of an erythrocyte? Select one: a. 6 months b. 4 months c. 5 months d. 3 months e. 2 years
b
Which below is NOT true of eosinophils? Select one: a. They are attracted to and can kill certain parasites. b. They become macrophages. c. They help control inflammation and allergy responses. d. They are weakly phagocytic.
b
Which of the following elements is included in hemoglobin molecules? Select one: a. calcium b. iron c. iodine d. cobalt e. copper
b
Granules in these WBCs appear very dark blue in a basic stain; these cells account for less than 1% of circulating WBCs. Select one: a. lymphocytes b. neutrophils c. basophils d. monocytes e. eosinophils
c
Jaundice is caused by an accumulation of this substance, which is a product of erythrocyte breakdown. Select one: a. biliholiday b. biliverdin c. bilirubin
c
Only 4 atoms of this trace element are present in hemoglobin, but they mark the 4 binding sites for oxygen. Select one: a. nitrogen b. carbon c. iron d. hydrogen e. none of these
c
The biconcave cells in blood that lack nuclei when they are mature are the Select one: a. macrophages. b. plasma cells. c. red blood cells. d. platelets. e. white blood cells. Feedback
c
This component normally makes up about 45% of blood volume and this percentage is known as the hematocrit. Select one: a. white blood cells b. platelets c. red blood cells d. plasma
c
What blood group antibodies are present in people whose blood type is O- ? Select one: a. anti-A antibodies b. anti-B antibodies c. Both anti-A and anti-B antibodies d. Neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies
c
What inherited disorder causes hemoglobin molecules to bend into an abnormal shape, blocking blood flow and severely impairing oxygen delivery to tissues? Select one: a. Addison's disease b. hemochromacytosis c. Sickle cell disease d. Parkinson's disease
c
What is biliverdin? Select one: a. a yellow pigment that results from the zinc-containing product of hemoglobin b. a red-orange pigment molecule that is converted to carotene c. a green pigment resulting from hemoglobin breakdown d. the yellow pigment that gives urine its color
c
What term below specifically refers to a condition of having too many white blood cells? Select one: a. lymphedema b. polycythemia c. leukocytosis d. leukopenia
c
Which of the following serves as an enzyme in the blood coagulation mechanism? Select one: a. fibrinogen b. serotonin c. thrombin d. fibrin e. prothrombin
c
Which of the following usually accounts for the smallest percentage of leukocytes in a blood sample? Select one: a. monocytes b. lymphocytes c. basophils d. eosinophils e. neutrophils
c
How are white blood cells able to leave blood vessels and enter tissue spaces? Select one: a. diffusion b. agglutination c. osmotic pressure d. diapedesis
d
Of the plasma electrolytes, the most abundant are Select one: a. phosphate and sulfate ions. b. potassium and calcium ions. c. magnesium and phosphate ions. d. sodium and chloride ions. e. sodium and potassium ions.
d
The basic event in the formation of a blood clot is the change of Select one: a. fibrin to fibrinogen. b. vitamin K to prothrombin. c. red blood cells to platelets. d. fibrinogen to fibrin. e. thrombin to prothrombin.
d
The most active phagocytic cells among the leukocytes are Select one: a. lymphocytes and neutrophils. b. basophils and eosinophils. c. monocytes and lymphocytes. d. neutrophils and monocytes.
d
The most common blood type in the United States has which type(s) of antibodies in its plasma? Select one: a. neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies b. anti-B antibodies only c. anti-O antibodies d. both anti-A and anti-B antibodies e. anti-A antibodies only
d
The red blood cells of type AB blood have on their surfaces Select one: a. neither antigen A nor B. b. different A and B antigens depending upon circumstances. c. antigen A only. d. antigens A and B. e. antigen B only.
d
What could a high white blood cell count indicate? Select one: a. appendicitis b. leukemia c. sickle cell anemia d. A and B e. A and C
d
What is the major event in blood clotting? Select one: a. formation of platelet plug b. formation of collagen c. vasospasm d. formation of fibrin e. formation of plasmin
d
What test reveals the percentage of each WBC present in a patient's blood sample? Select one: a. hematocrit b. buffy coat analysis c. western blot d. DIFF count e. glucose tolerance
d
Which plasma component below is NOT a nonprotein nitrogenous substance? Select one: a. creatinine b. uric acid c. urea d. keratin
d
Which type of white blood cells leave circulation and become macrophages? Select one: a. basophils b. neutrophils c. eosinophils d. monocytes e. lymphocytes
d
Nonprotein nitrogenous substances include Select one: a. uric acid. b. urea. c. creatine. d. amino acids. e. all of these.
e
The normal range for this granulocyte is 1% - 3% of all circulating WBCs. Select one: a. monocyte b. neutrophil c. basophil d. lymphocyte e. eosinophil
e
These cells make up 25% - 33% of all circulating WBCs and are closest in size to RBCs. Select one: a. basophils b. monocytes c. neutrophils d. eosinophils e. lymphocytes
e
Two substances that are useful for dissolving blood clots are Select one: a. calcium ions and prothrombin activator. b. vitamin K and calcium. c. thrombus and embolus. d. factor IV and factor XII. e. urokinase and streptokinase. Feedback
e
What term refers to a white cell count that is lower than normal? Select one: a. polycythemia b. hemolytic anemia c. leukocytocis d. thrombocytosis e. leukopenia
e
Which of the following is an agranulocyte? Select one: a. polymorphonuclear leukocyte b. basophil c. neutrophil d. eosinophil e. monocyte
e
Which statement is true about people with blood type A+ ? Select one: a. They have anti-B and anti-O antibodies. b. They have anti-B and anti-Rh antibodies. c. They have B antigens. d. They have anti-A and anti-Rh antibodies. e. They have A antigens and Rh antigens.
e