Ch.2 quiz

Situational factors always constrain, rather than facilitate, behavior and performance.

False

The MARS model was developed by Mars, Incorporated (which manufactures M&Ms) to describe best practices in operations management.

False

Personality traits are generally more evident in situations where social norms and reward systems constrain behavior

false

our habitual behavior tends to be consistent with our values, but our everyday conscious decision and actions apply our values much less consistently

true

social identity theory explains self-concept in terms of the person's unique characteristics (personal identity) and membership in various social groups (social identity)

true

Companies can train their employees to acquire aptitudes.

False

Most experts agree that personality is shaped solely by nurture (socialization, life experiences, interaction with the environment), and is not influence by nature (genetic or hereditary origins)

false

According to the MARS model, employee performance will remain high even if one of the four factors significantly weakens.

False

Role perception includes an understanding of what the employee is supposed to do, the priority of various tasks, and the preferred behaviors for accomplishing tasks

True

Espoused values represent the values that spouses have in common

false

people with a high score on the neuroticism personality dimension tend to be relaxed, secure, and calm

false

people with high ethical sensitivity are more ethical than people with low ethical sensitivity

false

people with high power distance expect relatively equal power sharing

false

the distributive justice principle suggests that people who are similar in relevant ways should receive dissimilar benefits and burdens based on their individual rights

false

the ideal situation in organizations is to have employees whose values are perfectly congruent with the organization's values

false

the principle of utilitarianism advises us to seek the greatest good for ourselves

false

conscientiousness and emotional stability (low neuroticism) stand out as the personality that best predict individual performance in almost every job group

true

moral intensity is the degree to which an issue demands the application of ethical principles

true

one limitation with information about cross-cultural values is that it incorrectly assumes that everyone within a specific country holds similar values

true

one problem with the individual rights principle is that certain individual rights may conflict with others

true